PARTS OF SPEECH

review

NOUNS and PRONOUNS

NOUNS: Jon, Mary, table, book, universe...
Saxon genitive: Marys book, Jons father...
Norman genitive: the leg of the table...

PRONOUNS:
PERSONAL (I, you, he, she, it, we, they,
objective case me, you, him, her, it, us,
them)
POSSESSIVE (mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours,
theirs)
REFLEXIVE (myself, yourself, himself, herself,
itself, ourselves, themselves)

NOUNS and PRONOUNS

INDEFINITE (somebody, someone,
something)
UNIVERSAL (everybody, everyone,
everything)
NEGATIVE (nobody, no one, nothing)
INTERROGATIVE (who, what)
RELATIVE (who, which, that)
DEMONSTRATIVE (this, that, these, those)

Possessive pronouns and

adjectives!
Possessive pronouns: mine, yours, his,
hers, its, ours, theirs
Possessive adjectives: my, your, his, her,
its, our, their
The book is mine. The boyfriend is hers
(possessive PRONOUNS)
my book, my boyfriend, your letter, his
lunch
(possessive ADJECTIVES)

ADJECTIVES
Comparison of adjectives
positiv comparat superlati
e
ive
ve
Synthet
the
smart
smarter
ic
smartest
Analyti
c

beautif more
ul
beautiful

the most
beautiful

VERBS

Verbs: jump, run, swim, love, hate

Auxiliary verbs: be, do, have
Voice: passive/active
Modal verbs: will, shall, would, should,
can, could, may, might, must
Modal verb + bare infinitive
Infinitive: bare and full (to infinitive),
present and progressive
to sleep, to be sleeping, love, be loving

TENSES

Present Simple (I work/he works, do, does)

Present Continuous (I am working/he is working/they are working)
Past Simple (worked/saw, did)
Past Continuous (was/were working)
Present Perfect Simple (have/has worked/seen)
Present Perfect Continuous (have/has been working)
Past Perfect Simple (had worked/seen)
Past Perfect Continuous (had been working)
Future Simple (will work)
Future Continuous (will be working)
Future Perfect Simple (will have worked/seen)
Future Perfect Continuous (will have been working)

-ING forms
Gerunds (like nouns): dancing shoes
(shoes used for dancing)
Present participles (like verbs): dancing
bear (a bear which is dancing)
I like swimming. Swimming is nice. I am
never tired of swimming. (gerund)
He is swimming. The swimming contestant
is good. To be swimming for your national
team is an honor. (present participle)

ADVERBS
Adverbs: slowly, nicely, well
Adverbs of frequency: never, ever,
always, usually, sometimes, often
Adjectives and adverbs: friendly,
hard, wrong

CLAUSES and SENTENCES

Time clauses: When I was I child, I spent the
summers at my grandparents.
Relative clauses: The man who was looking
for you is here again.
1st cond.: If you ask him, he will help you.
2nd cond.: If you asked him, he would help you.
3rd cond.: If you had asked him, he would have
helped you.
Mixed cond.: If you had asked him, you would
know the answer now.

OTHER
Numbers: one, two, three (cardinal);
first, second, third (ordinal)
Prepositions: at, in, on, by, between,
among, with, under, over
Conjunctions: and, or, but, if
Articles:
Indefinite: a/an
Definite: the

THE END