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KULIAH IV

MEKANIKA TEKNIK TI

KESEIMBANGAN
BENDA TEGAR

Apa Beda Partikel dengan Benda Tegar ?


In contrast to the forces on a particle, the
forces on a rigid-body are not usually
concurrent and may cause rotation of the
body (due to the moments created by the
forces).
Forces on a particle
For a rigid body to be in equilibrium, the
net force as well as the net moment
about any arbitrary point O must be
equal to zero.
F = 0 and MO = 0
Forces on a rigid body

Benda Tegar Biasanya Memiliki Tumpuan

Benda Tegar Biasanya Memiliki Tumpuan

Macam-macam Tumpuan dan Reaksinya

Contoh Menggambar FBD nya

Idealized model

Free body diagram

Lho kok ada beban yang segiempat, apa itu?

Beban Terdistribusi

Mencari Gaya Resultan pada Beban Terdistribusi


Mencari titik berat dari beban terdistribusi
Gaya resultan sama dengan luasan dari beban
terdistribusi
Gaya resultan terletak pada titik berat beban
terdisribusi

Kalo beban terdistribusinya berbentuk segitiga ?


FR

100 N/m

12 m

1. FR = ____________

x
2. x = __________.

A) 12 N

B) 100 N

A) 3 m

B) 4 m

C) 600 N

D) 1200 N

C) 6 m

D) 8 m

Prosedur Menyelesaikan Soal

Gambar FBD dari soal


Jangan lupa kasih perjanjian tandanya
Gambar gaya reaksi yang ada
Kalo ada beban terdistribusi, cari dulu besar
gaya resultan, dan posisinya
Hitung besar gaya reaksi di tumpuan,
menggunakan

Fx = 0

Fy = 0

titik O itu titik apa? Yang mana?

Mo = 0

Contoh Soal 1Diketahui: Berat boom = 125 N,


pusat masa di G, dan
beban = 600 N.
Diameter pin A = 10 cm,
diameter batang
hubung(conecting rod) B
= 15 cm
Hitunglah : a.Reaksi di
tumpuan A dan B.
b. Tegangan geser di pin
A dan Tegangan tarik di
batang hubung B
Perencanaan penyelesaian :
1. Sumbu x adalah arah horizontal dan sumbu y arah vertikal
2. Untuk mengetahui gaya tak diketahui gunakan FBD lengkap.

Contoh Soal 1 (Jawaban)


FBD of the boom:

AY
AX

A
1m

1m
40

FB

3m

5m

G
125 N

600 N

+ MA = - 125 4 - 600 9 + FB sin 40 1 + FB cos 40 1 = 0


FB = 4188 N
+ FX = AX + 4188 cos 40 = 0;

AX = 3210 N ( kekiri)

+ FY = AY + 4188 sin 40 125 600 = 0;

AY = 1970 N (kebawah)

Gaya total pada A ( FA) :

FA

= (Ax)2 + (Ay)2

FA

FA

FA

= 3766 N

2
2
3210) + ( - 1970)

14185000

Contoh Soal 2
SOLUTION:
Create a free-body diagram for the crane.
Determine B by solving the equation
for the sum of the moments of all forces
about A. Note there will be no
contribution from the unknown
reactions at A.
A fixed crane has a mass of 1000 kg
and is used to lift a 2400 kg crate. It
is held in place by a pin at A and a
rocker at B. The center of gravity of
the crane is located at G.
Determine the components of the
reactions at A and B.

Determine the reactions at A by


solving the equations for the sum of
all horizontal force components and
all vertical force components.
Check the values obtained for the
reactions by verifying that the sum of
the moments about B of all forces is
zero.

Contoh Soal 2 (jawaban)


Determine B by solving the equation for the
sum of the moments of all forces about A.
M A 0 : B1.5m 9.81 kN 2m
23.5 kN 6m 0
B 107.1 kN

Create the free-body diagram.

Determine the reactions at A by solving the


equations for the sum of all horizontal forces
and all vertical forces.
Fx 0 : Ax B 0
Ax 107.1 kN
F y 0 : Ay 9.81 kN 23.5 kN 0
Ay 33.3 kN
Check the values obtained.

Contoh Soal 3

M A 0 .400 m ( B y ) 120 N (.275 m) 225 N (.500 m)


+

120 N (.275 m) 225 N (.500 m)


By
.400 m
B y 363.75 N

+Fy 0 Ay 120 N 363.75 N 225 N


Ay 18.75 N
Ay 18.75 N

Contoh Soal 4

Given: The loading on the beam as


shown.
Find: Support reactions at A and B.

Contoh Soal 4 (jawaban)

SOLUTION:
Taking entire beam as a free-body,
determine reactions at supports.

F y 0 :

MA 0:

Ay 90 kN 54 kN 117 kN 54 kN 0

D 7.2 m 90 kN 1.8 m 54 kN 4.2 m


54 kN 8.4 m 0
D 117 kN

Ay 81 kN

Contoh Soal 5

Tentukan Reaksi di A dan B

Soal Tantangan

Given: The loading on the beam as shown.


Find: Reaction at B and A

Soal Tantangan (2)

Tentukan Reaksi di A dan C

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