THEORY

AND
PRACTICE
PREPARED BY: -GABZ-

ISOLATED SURVEYS
OF LAND ADJOINING
ANY ACTUAL OR
PROPOSED NATIONAL
ROAD NOTIFICATION
LETTER SHALL BE
SENT
TO
DISTRICT ENGINEER OF DPWH

BEFORE PROVINCIAL
ROADS ARE
MONUMENTED A
NOTICE SHALL BE
SENT TO THE
DISTRICT ENGINEER OF DPWH

IN THE HEARING OF
THE CADASTRAL
CASE, THE COURT
SHALL BE ASSISTED
BY.
GEODETIC ENGINEER DENR

ISOLATED SURVEYS
OF LAND ADJOINING
ANY ACTUAL OR
PROPOSED CITY OR
MUNICIPAL STREETS,
NOTIFICATION
LETTER SHALL BE
CITY/MUNICIPAL
ENGINEER
SENT TO

AS THE CADASTRAL
SKETCHING
PROGRESSES THE
CENTER LINES AND
WIDTH OF ALL ROADS
OTHER THAN
PROVINCIAL ROAD
SHALL BE REQUESTED
MUNICIPAL
ENGINEERBY
TO BE
INDICATED

ISOLATED SURVEYS
OF LANDS ADJOINING
ANY ACTUAL OR
PROPOSED
PROVINCIAL ROAD
NOTIFICATION
LETTER SHALL BE
PROVINCIAL
SENTENGINEER
TO

ISOLATED SURVEYS OF
LANDS ADJOINING
PROPERTIES CLAIMED
OR OWNED BY
PROVINCIAL
GOVERNMENT,
NOTIFICATION SHALL
BE
SENT
TO
THE
PROVINCIAL TREASURER

ISOLATED SURVEYS OF
LANDS ADJOINING
PROPERTIES OWNED OR
CLAIMED BY THE CITY
OR MUNICIPALITY,
NOTIFICATION LETTER
SHALL BE SENT TO THE
CITY OR MUNICIPAL
CITY/MUNICIPAL
MAYORTREASURER
OR

IN DELIMITATION SURVEY
OF FOREST RESERVES
USING GPS RECEIVER TO
ESTABLISH POSITIONS OF
THE CORNERS,
DELIMITATION OF THE
SURVEYS DESIGN AND
EXECUTING OF GPS
SURVEY BE UNDERTAKEN
NAMRIA
BY

IN DELIMITATION OF
RESERVATIONS, PARKS AND
OTHER PROTECTED AREAS
DONE BY AUTHORIZED
PRIVATE GEODETIC
ENGINEERS, THE OBSERVED
GPS DATA FOR PROCESSING
AND ADJUSTMENT TO PPCSTM/PRS92 SHALL BE
SUBMITTED
TO
NAMRIA

REPOSITORY OF LAND
CLASSIFICATION
RECORDS WHICH
INCLUDED FIELD
NOTES, COMPUTATION
AND LAND
CLASSIFICATION MAPS
AND OTHER
RELATED
NAMRIA

IN DELIMITATION SURVEY
OF FOREST RESERVE AND
DONE BY AUTHORIZED
PRIVATE GEODETIC
ENGINEERS, THE GPS DATA
FOR PROCESSING AND
ADJUSTMENT TO PPCSTM/PRS92 SHALL BE
SUBMITTED
NAMRIA

ESTABLISHMENT OF
FIRST AND SECOND
ORDER PRS92 IS
ONE OF THE
FUNCTION OF THE
NAMRIA

IN CASE OF OWNER OR
CLAIMANT OF A PROPERTY
COVERED BY A
PREVIOUSLY APPROVED
SURVEY WITHIN A
CADASTRAL PROJECT
DESIRE CHANGES OR
SUBDIVISION, HE SHALL
SECURE
AUTHORITY FROM THE RTD FOR

MINERAL LAND
SURVEY RETURNS
SHALL BE VERIFIED
AND APPROVED BY
RTD

AFTER THE BOUNDARY

SURVEY OF GROUP
SETTLEMENT PROJECT,
THE SCHEME OF FOR
LANDS SUBDIVISION
PREPARED BY
GEODETIC ENGINEER
SHALL BE APPROVED BY
RTD
THE

IN THE EVENT THAT

CLAIMANT WANTS TO
COMBINE THE UNTITLED
APPROVED PLAN OF
LANDS AND THE
ADDITIONAL UNSURVEYED
AREA IN ONE CADASTRAL
LOT, THE APPROVED
SURVEY CANCELLATION
RTD
ORDER BE
ISSUED BY

UPON COMPLETION OF
CADASTRAL SURVEY A
COPY OF THE PUBLIC
NOTICE
COMPLIANCE BEFORE
THE FINAL LOT SURVEY
SHALL BE FORWARDED
TO
THE
LAND MANAGEMENT SECTOR

IN MINERAL SURVEY, THE

TOPOGRAPHY OF THE
PREVIOUSLY APPROVED AND
THE NEW SURVEY SHOULD
CONFORM AT COMMON
BOUNDARY. IN CASE THEY
DIFFER AND ERROR IS IN THE
FORMER, THE CORRECTION
BE IMPLEMENTED BY
LAND MANAGEMENT SECTOR

IN MINERAL LAND
SURVEY, ASIDE
ORIGINAL PLAN
APPROVED, THE
SURVEY RETURNS
SHALL BE RETAINED
AND CUSTODY OF
LAND MANAGEMENT
THE SECTOR

BEFORE THE TRANSMITTAL

OF CADASTRAL SURVEY
RETURNS FOR
VERIFICATION AND
APPROVAL TO THE LANDS
MANAGEMENT SERVICES,
A FINAL INSPECTION
SHALL BE MADE BY
LMS & CENRO

THE TECHNICAL MAN, FIELD

AND OFFICE METHODS, THE
EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES
TO BE USED BY GEODETIC
ENGINEERS IN CADASTRAL
PROJECT SHALL BE SUBJECT
TO PRE-APPROVAL AND
STRICT SUPERVISION AND
INSPECTION BY
LMS & CENRO

SURVEY AUTHORITY OR
ORDER IN SUBDIVISION
OF PUBLIC LAND
SURVEY COVERED BY
PUBLIC LAND
APPLICATION SHALL BE
ISSUED BY
CENRO

A TRACT APPLIED
FOR SALE BY AN
APPLICANT, SURVEY
SHALL BE MADE
PRIOR TO FILING OF
SALE APPLICATION IN
THE
CENRO

A TRACT APPLIED
FOR LEASE BY AN
APPLICANT, SURVEY
SHALL BE MADE
PRIOR TO FILING OF
SALE APPLICATION IN
THE
CENRO

ISOLATED SURVEYS OF
LANDS ADJOINING
PROPERTIES OWNED OR
CLAIMED BY THE
NATIONAL
GOVERNMENT,
NOTIFICATION LETTER
SHALL BE
SENT
TO
PENRO

MINERAL LAND
SURVEY RETURNS
SHALL BE
SUBMITTED TO THE
RD OF MINES AND GEO-SCIENCES

IN MINERAL SURVEY,
TOPOGRAPHY OF THE
PREVIOUSLY APPROVED AND
THE NEW SURVEY, SHOULD
CONFORM AT COMMON
BOUNDARY, IN CASE THEY
DIFFER AND ERROR IS IN THE
FORMER, THE SURVEY PLAN,
A SURVEY CORRECTION
ORDER
BE
ISSUED
BY THE
DIRECTOR OF
MINES
AND GEO-SCIENCES

ALL MINERAL LAND

SURVEY SHALL BE
EXECUTED BY
LICENSED AND
DEPUTIZE GEODETIC
ENGINEERS UPON
RECEIPT OF AN ORDER
SURVEY
OF
FROM
MINES AND GEO-SCIENCES RD

SURVEY RETURNS OF
COMPLEX SUBDIVISION
PROJECT FOR HOUSING
SHALL BE ACCOMPANIED
BY SCHEME OF
SUBDIVISION OR SITE
DEVELOPMENT PLAN WITH
THE RESOLUTION
APPROVE
BY
THE
SANGUNIAN BAYAN/PANGLUNGSOD

LAND SURVEYS
AFFECTING BARANGAY
ROAD IN A CERTAIN
MUNICIPALITY, A
NOTICE AND
CONSULTATION BE
MADE ON THE WIDTHS
AND CENTER LINE OF
SANGUNIAN
BARANGAY
THE OFFICE
OF

DURING CADASTRAL
SURVEY, ADVERSE
CLAIM ON TITLED
PROPERTIES SHALL BE
DISREGARDED UNLESS
SUPPORTED BY AN
ORDER FROM THE
RTC

DURING CADASTRAL
SURVEY, CLAIMS INSIDE
TITLE OR DECREED
PROPERTIES SHALL BE
DISREGARDED EXCEPT
BY AN ORDER FROM
THE
RTC

NO CADASTRAL LOT
PENDING
REGISTRATION SHALL
BE AMENDED OR
SUBDIVIDED BY
GEODETIC ENGINEER
WITHOUT ORDER FROM
THE
COURT

PROVINCIAL
BOUNDARIES
DISPUTES SHALL BE
SETTLED IN
ACCORDANCE WITH
PROCEDURES IN
LOCAL R.A.
GOVT
CODE
7160

THE AREA IN CONFLICT

BETWEEN THE PROPERTY
UNDERGOING SURVEY IN
PREVIOUS APPROVED
SURVEY NOT YET
PATENTED OR DECREED
BE SURVEY AS SEPARATE
LOT AND SHALL BE
BE INDICATED ON THE PLAN OF THE PREVIOUS
SURVEY BY THE DENR

SPACING OF STATIONS IN
PRIMARY CONTROL
TRAVERSE

100m-1,000m

SPACING OF STATIONS IN
SECONDARY CONTROL
TRAVERSE

100m-500m

SPACING OF
STATIONS IN
TERTIARY CONTROL
TRAVERSE
AS REQUIRED

MAXIMUM ANGULAR
ERROR OF CLOSURE
IN PRIMARY
TRAVERSE
2.5P

MAXIMUM ANGULAR
ERROR OF CLOSURE
IN SECONDARY
TRAVERSE
10S

MAXIMUM ANGULAR
ERROR OF CLOSURE
IN TERTIARY
TRAVERSE
30T

NUMBER OF
OBSERVATIONS:
POSITIONS WITH 1
SECOND
THEODOLITE IN
PRIMARY TRAVERSE
2

NUMBER OF
OBSERVATIONS:
POSITIONS WITH 1
SECOND
THEODOLITE IN
SECONDARY
TRAVERSE
1

NUMBER OF
OBSERVATIONS:
POSITIONS WITH 1
SECOND
THEODOLITE IN
TERTIARY TRAVERSE
AS REQUIRED

SETS WITH 20 OR 30
SECOND TRANSIT IN
PRIMARY TRAVERSE
6 D/R FOR INTERIOR & EXTERIOR ANGLES

SETS WITH 20 OR 30
SECOND TRANSIT IN
SECONDARY
TRAVERSE
4 D/R FOR INTERIOR ANGLE FOR CIRCUIT AND
LOOP TRAVERSE CLAMPED

SETS WITH 20 OR 30
SECOND TRANSIT IN
TERTIARY TRAVERSE
CLAMPED PLATE

MAXIMUM LINEAR
ERROR OF CLOSURE
IN PRIMARY
TRAVERSE
0.0001P

MAXIMUM LINEAR
ERROR OF CLOSURE
IN SECONDARY
TRAVERSE
0.0002P

MAXIMUM LINEAR
ERROR OF CLOSURE
IN TERTIARY
TRAVERSE
0.0005P

AZIMUTH SHALL E
DETERMINED TO THE
NEAREST ___ OF ARC AND
DISTANCES SHALL BE
MEASURED ___ TO THE
NEAREST ___ TAKING INTO
ACCOUNT THE
TEMPERATURE, SAG, PULL,
GRADE AND SEA LEVEL
1,CORRECTIONS.
TWICE, MILLIMETER

THE AZIMUTH SHALL E

DETERMINED TO THE
NEAREST ___ OF ARC OR
LESS AND DISTANCES SHALL
BE MEASURED ___ TO THE
NEAREST ___ TAKING INTO
ACCOUNT THE
TEMPERATURE, SAG, PULL,
GRADE AND SEA LEVEL
15,
ONCE, MILLIMETER
CORRECTIONS.

AZIMUTH SHALL E DETERMINED

TO THE NEAREST ___ OF ARC
OR LESS AND DISTANCES SHALL
BE MEASURED ___ TO THE
NEAREST ___ TAKING NO
ACCOUNT OF TEMPERATURE,
SAG, PULL, GRADE AND SEA
LEVEL CORRECTIONS IF THE
WEIGHT OF THE TAPE PER
METER DOES NOT EXCEED
1, ONCE,
CENTIMETERKG.
FIFTEEN
TOUSANDTHS

THE PRIMARY
CONTROL RELATIVE
ERROR SHALL NOT
BE GREATER
1/20,000

THE SECONDARY
CONTROL RELATIVE
ERROR SHALL NOT
BE GREATER
1/10,000

THE TERTIARY
CONTROL RELATIVE
ERROR SHALL NOT
BE GREATER
1/5,000

MAXIMUM PROBABLE
ERROR OF
ASTRONOMICAL
OBSERVATIONS IN
PRIMARY TRAVERSE
5

MAXIMUM PROBABLE
ERROR OF
ASTRONOMICAL
OBSERVATIONS IN
SECONDARY
TRAVERSE
10

MAXIMUM PROBABLE
ERROR OF
ASTRONOMICAL
OBSERVATIONS IN
TERTIARY TRAVERSE
15

IN PRIMARY
TRAVERSE, THE
NUMBER OF
STATIONS BETWEEN
AZIMUTH CHECKS
NOT TO EXCEED
25

IN PRIMARY
TRAVERSE, THE
NUMBER OF
STATIONS BETWEEN
AZIMUTH CHECKS
NOT TO EXCEED
25

IN SECONDARY
TRAVERSE, THE
NUMBER OF
STATIONS BETWEEN
AZIMUTH CHECKS
NOT TO EXCEED
35

IN TERTIARY
TRAVERSE, THE
NUMBER OF
STATIONS BETWEEN
AZIMUTH CHECKS
NOT TO EXCEED
50

IN PRIMARY
TRIANGULATION, THE
SPACING OF
STATIONS NOT TO
EXCEED
1-3 KM

IN SECONDARY
TRIANGULATION, THE
SPACING OF
STATIONS NOT TO
EXCEED
1 KM

IN TERTIARY
TRIANGULATION, THE
SPACING OF
STATIONS NOT TO
EXCEED
CONSISTENT WITH GOOD SIGHTING

IN PRIMARY
TRIANGULATION,
TRIANGLE CLOSURE
NOT TO EXCEED
BASE MEASUREMENT
5

IN SECONDARY
TRIANGULATION,
TRIANGLE CLOSURE
NOT TO EXCEED
BASE MEASUREMENT
10

IN TERTIARY
TRIANGULATION,
TRIANGLE CLOSURE
NOT TO EXCEED
BASE MEASUREMENT
30

QUALITY OF
CONTROL TO BE
USED WHEN THE
AREA IS LESS THAN
1,500 HECTARES
TERTIARY CONTROL

QUALITY OF
CONTROL TO BE
USED WHEN THE
AREA IS 1,500 TO
15,000 HECTARES
SECONDARY CONTROL

QUALITY OF
CONTROL TO BE
USED WHEN THE
AREA IS ABOVE
15,000 HECTARES
PRIMARY CONTROL

ADVANCE SURVEYS
SHALL BE MADE
ONLY AFTER A
WRITTEN AUTHORITY
IS ISSUED UPON
RECOMMENDATION
OF THE
RTD FOR LANDS

SURVEY AUTHORITY OR
ORDER IN PUBLIC LAND
SUBDIVISION AND
GROUP SETTLEMENT
AND CADASTRAL
SURVEY UP TO 1500
HECTARES SHALL BE
ISSUED BY
RTD FOR LANDS

UPON THE COMPLETION

OF CADASTRAL SURVEY
A PETITION FOR
SETTLEMENT AND
ADJUDICATION OF
TITLES SHALL BE FILED
TO REGIONAL TRAIL
COURT BY THE
RTD FOR LANDS

SURVEY AUTHORITY
OR ORDER FOR
LANDS WITHIN THE
CLASSIFIED AND
UNCLASSIFIED
PUBLIC FOREST
RTD

GEODETIC ENGINEERS IS
THE PRIVATE PRACTICE
WHO WANTS TO ENTER
INTO CONTRACT WITH THE
LANDS WITH THE
LANDOWNERS OF LGUS
SHALL FIRST OBTAIN
WRITTEN AUTHORITY OR
PERMISSION FROM THE
RTD

CADASTRAL SURVEY OF
MUNICIPALITIES
AUTHORIZED BY THE
PRESIDENT OF THE
PHILIPPINES SHALL BE
MADE BY GEODETIC
ENGINEERS UPON
ORDER TO BE FLOWN
RTD OR RED

SURVEY AUTHORITY
OR ORDER IN PUBLIC
LAND SUBDIVISION
AND CADASTRAL
SURVEY ABOVE 1500
HECTARES SHALL BE
ISSUED BY
RED

SURVEY AUTHORITY
OR ORDER IN
INTEGRATED SOCIAL
FOREST PROJECTS
SHALL BE ISSUED BY
RED

DURING CADASTRAL
SURVEY PRIVATE
CLAIMS WITHIN
UNCLASSIFIED FOREST
SHALL NOT BE SURVEY
EXCEPT WITH WRITTEN
AUTHORITY FROM THE
RED

UPON
RECOMMENDATION
FOR THE ISSUANCE
OF ADVANCE
SURVEY, A WRITTEN
GRANTED BY THE
RED

REDUCTION OF
PERSONNEL AND
EQUIPMENT PER
CADASTRAL SURVEY
MANAGEMENT PLAN
SHALL BE MADE
WITHOUT PRIOR
RED OF THE
APPROVAL

CADASTRAL SURVEY,
ADVERSE CLAIM INSIDE
LEASED PROPERTIES
SHALL BE
DISREGARDED UNLESS
SUPPORTED BY
WRITTEN AUTHORITY
REDTHE
FROM

SURVEY AUTHORITY
OR ORDER IN
POLITICAL
BOUNDARY SURVEYS
AND SETTLEMENT OF
BOUNDARY DISPUTE
SHALL BE ISSUED BY
RED

CADASTRAL SURVEY
PROJECT NUMBER
SHALL BE SECURED
FROM THE
LMB

FOR INFORMATION AND

RECORD PURPOSES
LIST OF PERSONNEL
EMPLOYED BY THE
GEODETIC ENGINEER IN
THE CADASTRAL
PROJECT SHALL BE
FURNISHED TO THE
LMB DIRECTOR

IN DELIMITATION OF
RESERVATIONS PARKS AND
OTHER PROTECTED AREAS
PROCESSED DATA AND
OTHER SURVEY RETURNS
SHALL BE SUBMITTED FOR
VERIFICATION AND
APPROVAL OF THE PLAN
TO THE
LMS

OF THE FOREST RESERVES

AREA DONE BY THE
AUTHORIZED PRIVATE
GEODETIC ENGINEERS,
PROCESSED DATA AND
OTHER SURVEY RETURNS
SHALL BE SUBMITTED
VERIFICATION AND
APPROVAL
TO
LMS

GEODETIC
ENGINEERS MAY
UNDERTAKE SURVEYS
INSIDE CADASTRAL
PROJECT PROVIDED
PARCELS WERE
TITLED AND COPY OF PLAN BE PROVIDED TO
THE CHIEF CADASTRAL PROJECT

THE SURVEY OF
CADASTRAL PROJECT
SHALL BE
CONSIDERED AS IN
PROGRESS FROM
THE DATE THE
SURVEY IS ORDER BY

RED & RTD FOR LANDS UNTIL FINAL APPROVAL

OF THE SURVEY RETURNS

IN MINERAL LAND
SURVEY AUTHORITY
OR ORDER ISSUED
VALID FOR
12 MONTHS

WHITE OF PRINTS OF
THE CADASTRAL MAP
BE FURNISHED TO THE
BARANGAY OF THE LOT
CLAIMANTS TO VERIFY
AND REPORT ANY
ERROR OR MISTAKE
WITHIN
30 DAYS FROM DATE OF POSTING

NOTIFICATION OF LOT
CLAIMANTS, A PUBLIC
NOTICE SHALL BE
POSTED CONSPICUOUS
PLACES IN THE
LOCALITY AND
MUNICIPALITY BUILDING
30-DAY NOTICE
KNOWN
AS

ISSUANCE OF CADASTRAL
PROJECT SURVEY ORDER,
GEODETIC ENGINEERS
SHALL SUBMIT A LIST OF
THEIR SURVEY IN
PROGRESS INSIDE THE
PROJECT TO THE CHIEF OF
CADASTRAL PROJECT
WITHIN
60 DAYS

DURING SKETCHING,
THE CORNER AT THE
POINTS OF
INTERSECTION OF
THE ROAD AND LOT
BOUNDARY LINES
SHALL BE
MONUMENTED ON THE GROUND

LAND SUBDIVISION LOTS

SHALL BE MARKED
STANDARD CONCRETE
MONUMENTS ENGRAVED
ON THE TOP BY A LETTER
IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER
STARTING FROM A
FOLLOWED BY NUMBER
1FROM
TO 999

DURING THE
CADASTRAL SURVEY,
FORESHORE LANDS
SHALL
BE SURVEYED AS CADASTRAL LOT

WHEN A CADASTRAL
PROJECT COMPRISES
ONLY PORTION OF A
CITY OR
MUNICIPALITY THE
NUMBERING SHALL
BEGIN
FROM
ON TO THE LAST NUMBER OF THE
CONSECUTIVELY
PROJECT

SURVEY, NAME OF
GEODETIC ENGINEER AND
CLAIMANT OR
REPRESENTATIVE WHO
APPEARED WITH
SIGNATURE, DATE OF
SURVEY AND
APPEARANCE, MUST BE
NUMERICAL
SKETCH
SURVEY RECORD
AFFIXED
TOAND
COMPLETE

WITHIN THE
CADASTRAL PROJECT
MUST BE SUBMITTED
TO THE LAND
MANAGEMENT SECTOR
FOR VERIFICATION
THROUGH THE CHIEF
OF CADASTRAL
FOUR MONTHS

ADVANCE SURVEY IS
ALLOWED IN ONGOING
CADASTRAL PROJECT
BASED ON SUFFICIENT
URGENT NEEDS OF
CLAIMANT, PROVIDED
THAT AT LEAST
THE PROJECT CONTROL HAS BEEN APPROVED

TERTIARY FOR EACH

CADASTRAL PROJECT SHALL
BE NUMBERED
CONSECUTIVELY. NUMBERS 1
TO 1000 BE ASSIGNED TO
ONE GEODETIC ENGINEER
FOR HIS USE; 1001-2000 TO
A SECOND; 2001-3000 TO BE
A THIRD AND SO FORTH. THE
UNUSED NUMBERS
NEED TO BE ACCOUNTED

SURVEYS IN THE
BARANGAY, LOT
CLAIMANTS MUST
VERIFY THE BOUNDARY
AS SKETCHED AND
MONUMENTED AND
THEY SHALL BE
SURVEY
NOTIFICATION
NOTIFIED
BYCARD

IN CASE OF
TRANSFER OF
OWNERSHIP, THE
SURVEY
NOTIFICATION CARD
MUST BE
TRANSFERRED
AS AN INTEGRAL PART OF DOCUMENT OF
TRANSFER

OF UNTITLED
PROPERTY; ALL
ADJOINING OWNERS
SHALL BE INFORMED BY
THE GEODETIC
ENGINEER TO ATTEND
THE SCHEDULED DATE
SURVEY
LETTER
OFNOTIFICATION
SURVEY BY

PARCELS ADJOINING
THE PROJECT
BOUNDARIES SHALL BE
NOTIFIED OF THE
SURVEY AND A SET OF
INDEX CARD SHALL BE
PREPARED FOR THEM
A LOT CARD
KNOWN
AS

DURING THE LOT

SURVEY, FOR
COMPLETION OF THE
SKETCH AND SURVEY
CARD, THE
GEODETIC ENGINEER
SHALL CARRY THE
DUPLICATE CARD

PRIVATE CLAIMS WITHIN

UNCLASSIFIED FOREST
AND WITH AUTHORITY
TO BE
SURVEYED DURING
CADASTRAL SURVEY,
CLAIMANT SHALL ALSO
TO BE GIVEN
SUPPLEMENTARY INDEX CARD

SHALL BE SHALL BE
FURNISHED BY THE
GEODETIC ENGINEER
CONCERNED THE
APPROVED NARRATIVE
TECHNICAL
DESCRIPTION OF AT
3 COPIES
LEAST

FIELD NOTES CONTAINING

ERASURES OF FIELD DATA
SHALL NOT BE ACCEPTED.
IF ERRONEOUS DATA HAVE
BEEN ENTERED, SHALL BE
CROSSED OUT WITH
PENCIL LINE AND THE
CORRECT DATA BE
WRITTEN
ABOVE IT

MINOR DIFFERENCE
BETWEEN THE PLAN OF
PREVIOUS SURVEYS AND
THE ACTUAL BOUNDARIES
AS AGREED IN THE
CADASTRAL SURVEY AND
ADJOINING LOTS ARE NOT
YET DECREED/TITLED
THE LATTER SHALL BE ACCEPTED

DURING THE
CADASTRAL SURVEY,
WHEN OVERLAP IS
BETWEEN A TITLED OR
LEASED PROPERTY AND
AN APPROVED SURVEY
NOT YET LEASED OR
TITLED THE
THE LATTER SHALL BE AMENDED

SKETCH PLAN ON
POLITICAL BOUNDARY
DISPUTE SHALL BE
PREPARED FOR
SETTLEMENT. A HEAVY
FULL LINES BASE ON TAX
DECLARATION, SHALL BE
REPRESENT THE DIVISION
BETWEEN
MUNICIPALITIES

AFTER LOT
SKETCHING, THE
PROJECT SHALL BE
DIVIDED INTO
CADASTRAL CASES IN
WHICH ONE CASE
SHALL BE COMPOSED
OF
1 BARANGAY

IN OTHER SURVEY, FOREST

DELIMITATION, WHEN
SUCH BOUNDARY LINES
PAST THROUGH
MOUNTAINS OR HILLS OR
ROLLING AREAS, THE
INTERVALS BETWEEN
CONSECUTIVE
MONUMENTS SHALL BE
INTERVISIBLE

THE OBSERVED
CORRECTED DATA
NEAREST ARE
SECOND OF ARC OF
THE PRIMARY
TRAVERSE LINE
SHALL BE RECORDED
IN ANGLE
THE BOOK
PRIMARY

IN PRIMARY CONTROL
TRAVERSE, THE
ANGULAR ERROR
AZIMUTH CLOSURE
SHALL BE DISTRIBUTED
AMONG THE ANGLES
BETWEEN THE
AZIMUTH LINE
UNIFORMLY

WHERE THE GROUND

SLOPE IS UNIFORM,
THE CONTOUR LINES
ARE
SPACE UNIFORMLY

GENERALLY, IN THE
TOPOGRAPHIC
SURVEY THE FIRST
STEP IS TO
ESTABLISH
HORIZONTAL CONTROL

PORTION OF PATENTED,
LEASED, OR DECREED
WHICH FORM PART OF
RIVER, ESTERO,
ARROYO, CREEK
DURING CADASTRAL
PROJECT SHALL BE
SURVEYED
AS A SEPARATE LOT

SURVEYS NOT
PATENTED LEASED OR
DECREED WHICH FORM
PART OF RIVER,
ESTERO, ARROYO OR
CREEK DURING
CADASTRAL PROJECT
AS BE
A SEPARATE
LOT AND
SHALL
SURVEY

WHEN A CLAIMANT
INSIST UPON HER
RIGHTS TO BE TAKEN
BY A ROAD OF WAY THE
AREA SHALL BE
SURVEYED WITH OTHER
PORTION OF THE CLAIM
AS A SEPARATE LOT

WHEN ADVANCE
CLAIMANTS DO NOT
DESIGN A SURVEYS OF
THE CLAIM
UNDERGOING SURVEY
SHALL BE INDICATED
THE PLAN AND
SURVEYED
AS A SEPARATE LOT

WHEN THE APPLICATIONS OF

THE PROPERTY UNDERGOING
SURVEY DOES NOR ACCEPT THE
CORNER OF PREVIOUS SURVEY
UNTITLED AS COMMON TO HIS
PROPERTY, THE BOUNDARY LINE
AS POINTED TO BY HINT BE
MONUMENTED AND SURVEYED
AND THE CONFLICT AREA SHALL
BE INDICATED IN THE LATTER,
THE SURVEY SHALL
AS A SEPARATE LOT

IF THE SURVEY CLAIMANT

VOLUNTARILY EXCLUDES
PORTION OR PORTIONS OF
THE UNDECREED
/UNPATENDED PREVIOUSLY
APPROVE SURVEY THE
EXCLUDED AREA SHALL BE
NUMBERED
AS A SEPARATE CADASTRAL LOT

AS DETERMINED BY THE
DISTRICT ENGINEER ON
PORTION OF LOT
CLAIMED AS PRIVATE
PROPERTY BUT FALLING
WITHIN RIGHT-OF-WAY
OF ROAD IT.
SHALL BE NUMBERED AS A SEPARATE LOT

IN CADASTRAL
SURVEY, CLAIMS
INSIDE PREVIOUS
SURVEY NOT YET
TITLED SHALL.
BE MADE AS SEPARATE LOT

LOT SKETCHING IN A
CADASTRAL SURVEY,
FORESHORE LANDS
SHALL BE A SEPARATE CADASTRAL LOT

AND GROUP
SETTLEMENT SURVEY
SHALL BE
TRANSFORMED INTO
THE SYSTEM OF THE
CADASTER AND BE
PLOTTED ON THE
AS ONE BIG LOT
CADASTRAL
MAP.

FUNDING CADASTRAL
SURVEY OF THE
MUNICIPALITY MAY BE
AWARDED BY
CADASTRAL CASE,
CADASTRAL SURVEY
NUMBER FOR A
BE MUNICIPALITY
ONLY ONE
CERTAIN
.

ALL SURVEY FIELD DATA

SHALL BE RECORDED
IN THE FIELD NOTES BY
THE GEODETIC
ENGINEER OR HIS
AUTHORIZED
ASSISTANT AND BE
WRITTEN
CLEARLY
.
HARD PENCIL OR PERMANENT WATERPROOF
INK

GEODETIC ENGINEER IN
THE DEPARTMENT OF
ENVIRONMENTAL AND
NATURAL RESOURCES
SHALL HAVE THEIR
FIELD NOTES AND
FIELD NOTES COVER BE
SWORN.
BEFORE AND OFFICIAL AUTHORIZED TO
SUBSCRIBED

PRS92, GEODETIC
ENGINEERS
PRACTITIONER MUST
SUBMIT STATUS OF
REFERENCE POINTS IN
ALL THEIR FIELD
SURVEY PRESCRIBE
LOCATION
MONUMENT
RECOVERY REPORT
FROM
KNOWN.

INVOLVE LARGE
AREAS AND TAKE
INTO ACCOUNT THE
EARTHS CURVATURE.
GEODETIC SURVEYING

COVER LIMITED
AREAS AND EARTH
CURVATURE
NEGLECTED
PLANE SURVEYING

CONSIST OF FOUR
PLANO-CONVEX
LENSES PLACED IN
EYEPIECE SLIDE
ERECTING EYEPIECE

COMPOSED OF TWO
PLANO-CONVEX
LENSES PLACED IN
EYEPIECE SLIDE
INVERTING EYEPIECE

A ROD READING ON
A POINT WITH
KNOWN ELEVATION
BACK SIGHT LEVELING

DETERMINING THE
SHAPE OF THE
SURFACE OF THE
GROUND AND THE
LOCATION OF
NATURAL AND
ARTIFICIAL FEATURES
ON IT.SURVEY
TOPOGRAPHIC

A DEVICE USE TO
ENLARGE OR
REDUCE THE SCALE.
PANTOGRAPH

THE ELEVATION OF
THE GROUND
SURFACE ALONG A
DEFINITE LINE
DESIRED.
PROFILE LEVELING

AFTER 30DAYS FROM THE

DATE OF ORDER FOR
SURVEY OF CADASTRAL
PROJECT, NO OTHER
SURVEY SHALL BE
UNDERTAKEN WITHIN THE
PROJECT EXCEPT WHEN
THE ISOLATED LAND
SURVEY
.
BEGAN PRIOR TO THE DATE OF THE ORDER FOR
THE CADASTRAL PROJECT

IN POLITICAL
BOUNDARY DISPUTES
THE DEPARTMENT OF
ENVIRONMENTAL
AND NATURAL
RESOURCES.
PROVIDED TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

BOUNDARY DISPUTE
BETWEEN MUNICIPALITIES
NOT SETTLED BEFORE THE
COMPLETION OF THE
FIELD WORK OF THE
CADASTRAL PROJECT
SHALL BE SURVEYED AND
BE TREATED AS SEPARATE.
CADASTRAL CASE

WHEN THE
SECONDARY
CONTROL IS DIVIDED
INTO LOOPS, AT
WHAT STATION AN
ASTRONOMICAL
OBSERVATION BE
JUNCTION STATIONS
BETWEEN LOOPS
TAKEN?

WITHOUT
CORRESPONDING
NOTIFICATION CARD
SUBMITTED, DURING
COURT HEARING THE
ANSWER SHALL NOT BE VERIFIED

ADVANCE SURVEY IS
ALLOWED IN GOING
CADASTRAL PROJECT
BASED ON SUFFICIENT
URGENT NEEDS OF
CLAIMANT, PROVIDED
THAT AT LEAST.
THE PROJECT CONTROL HAS BEEN APPROVED

BEFORE THE LOT

SURVEY, IS TO PROTEST
AGAINST THE
SKETCHING AND
MONUMENTING
ADVERSE TO THEIR
RIGHTS AS CLAIMANT.
THERE IN
ARE NO
FURTHER CLAIMS
PROTEST
DEFAULT,
ITORIS

IT IS AN INTERPOLATION
METHOD OF CONTOUR
LINE WHICH IS MENTALLY
TRACED BY MOVING
CLOCKWISE OBSERVING
THAT IT WILL JOIN ONLY
ALL POINTS OF SAME
ELEVATION UNTIL IT
CLOSES UPON ITSELF
BY INSPECTION METHOD

THE COMMON BOUNDARY

LINES BETWEEN THE
PREVIOUSLY APPROVED
SURVEY NOT YET PATENTED
OR DECREED AND THE
TRACT UNDERGOING SURVEY
NEED NOT BE SURVEYED
ENTIRELY IF THE
APPLICATION UNDERGOING
SURVEY
.
ACCEPTS THE CORNERS OF THE PREVIOUS
SURVEY AS COMMON TO HIS PROPERTY

ON NATURAL
FEATURES AS
POLITICAL
BOUNDARIES, SHALL
BE MONUMENTED.
ON THE FIRST AND THE LAST CORNER

IN FLIGHT PLANNING
OF AERIAL SURVEY,
THE TOTAL
EFFECTIVE WIDTH
DIVIDED BY
EFFECTIVE WITH OF
PHOTOGRAPH IN THE
NUMBER OF FLIGHT LINES

IN THE ADJUSTMENT SURVEY

OF ALLOWABLE AZIMUTH
ERROR OF CLOSURE, ADDED
TO THE DETERMINED
NUMBER OF FIFTEEN UNITS
AND DIVIDED BY THIS SUM
THE OF SECONDARY
TRAVERSE LINE, THE
QUOTIENT REPRESENTS.
NUMBER OF STATIONS IN GROUP

ISOLATED SURVEYS SHOULD

BE OR SUBMITTED ON OR
BEFORE THE PERIOD IN THE
STATED PERIOD IN THE
SURVEY AUTHORITY OR
ORDER. HOWEVER, SURVEY
RETURNS SUBMITTED AFTER
THE DUE DATE MAY BE
ACCEPTED WITH VALID
REASONS
EXCEPT?
NON-PAYMENT OF SURVEY FEES BY CLAIMANT

PARALLAX OCCURS
IN A TRANSIT OR
LEVEL TELESCOPE
BECAUSE?
THE CROSS-HAIRS ARE NOT IN THE FOCAL
PLANE OF THE EYEPIECE

ASTRONOMICAL
OBSERVATION FOR
AZIMUTH IN THE LINES OF
THE MAN CONTROL OF
CADASTRAL PROJECT,
OTHER THAN LIVE BLLMN
TO 2, SHALL BE USED TO
CHECK ON THE CARRIED.
GRID AZIMUTH

THE AZIMUTH IN
CADASTRAL PROJECT
IS KNOWN AS
GRID AZIMUTH

ALL CONTOUR LINE

MUST CLOSE ON
ITSELF, EITHER WITHIN
OR OUTSIDE THE LIMIT
OF THE MAP. IF A
CONTOUR LINE CLOSES
OUTSIDE THE LIMIT OF
THE
MAP.
IT WILL RUN TO THE EDGE OF THE MAP

CONTROL IN ISOLATED
LAND SURVEYS,
ASTRONOMICAL
AZIMUTH SHALL BE
DETERMINED BY
ASTRONOMICAL
OBSERVATION OF AT
A SERIES
OF TWO SETS
LEAST.

IN TOPOGRAPHIC
SURVEY, SPOT
ELEVATION ARE
TAKEN TO SHOW
SUMMIT AND OTHER CRITICAL POINT

LAND SURVEYS
AFFECTING ROAD
WITHIN RESIDENTIAL
SUBDIVISION, NOTICE
AND CONSULTATION BE
MADE ON THE MINIMUM
WIDTHS OF ROADWAYS
TOLGP&DO
THE OFFICE
OF
(NOW NHA)

SURVEY AUTHORITY OR
LAND CLASSIFICATION
OR DELIMITATION
SURVEYS AND
DELIMITATION SURVEYS
OF AREAS PROPOSED
FOR RESERVATION
SECRETARY
OF DENR BY
SHALL
BE ISSUED

THE SKETCH AND

SURVEY CARD SHALL
BE DUPLICATE AND
THE DUPLICATE
CARD SHALL BE
PLACED IN THE
NUMERICAL FILE

THE SKETCH AND

SURVEY RECORD
CARD SHALL, AFTER
COMPLETION THE
PLACE IN THE
ALPHABETICAL FILE

IS A SURVEY OF
GEOGRAPHIC AND
SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION
EXPERIMENTS OF ALL
OTHER SURVEYS NOT
OTHERWISE MENTIONED
IN THE MANUAL FOR LAND
SURVEYS AND CANNOT BE
SUBJECT OF TITLING.
SPECIAL WORK ORDER SURVEY

IT IS A KIND OF SURVEY
FOR THE PURPOSE OF
SEGREGATING TWENTY
PERCENT OR LESS OF
AREA OF PREVIOUSLY
SURVEYED LARGE
TRACT OF PUBLIC
LAND.
SEGREGATION SURVEY

IT IS A SURVEY OF A
PREVIOUSLY SURVEYED
TRACT OF LAND FOR THE
PURPOSE OF VOIDING THE
ORIGINAL APPROVED BUT
UNDECREED SURVEY DUE
TO FAILURE TO INCLUDE
ALL THE AREAS CLAIMED
BY THE APPLICANTS.
RESURVEYS

LOT SURVEY, TITLED

AND LEASED
PROPERTIES WITH
TECHNICAL
DESCRIPTIONS DO NOT
FORM CLOSED
POLYGON SHALL BE
RESURVEYS
SUBJECT
TO

DURING CADASTRAL
LOT SURVEY, TITLED
AND LEASED
PROPERTIES WITHOUT
TECHNICAL
DESCRIPTIONS FROM
MAGNETIC SURVEYS
SHALL BE SUBJECT TO
RESURVEYS

GEODETIC ENGINEERS
WHO ARE COMMISSIONED
BY THE OWNER
/DEVELOPERS ON A
PROPERTY TO BE
DEVELOPED INTO
HOUSING SUBDIVISION
PROJECT, HE SHALL FIRST
CONDUCT IN THE AREA OF
RELOCATION SURVEY

IN HOUSING
SUBDIVISION OF TITLE
PROPERTY, IT IS
NECESSARY TO
DETERMINE THE
EXTENT OF PROPERTY
BEFORE TOPOGRAPHIC
SURVEY HENCE, A NEED
RELOCATION SURVEY

A KIND OF SURVEY,
BASIS FOR THE
PREPARATION OF
DEVELOPMENT PLAN
FOR LOTS, ROADS, AND
DRAINAGE CANAL IN A
HOUSING SUBDIVISION
PROJECT IS
TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY

PARCEL OF LAND
TITLED FORM A
CADASTRAL MAPPING
SUBJECT TO
SUBDIVISION MUST
FIRST BE SUBJECT TO
CONVERSION SURVEY

WHENEVER ANY APPROVED

SURVEY IS REPORTED TO BE
ERRONEOUS, OR WHEN
TITLED LANDS ARE
REPORTED TO OVERLAP
WHEN OCCUPANCY IS
REPORTED ENCROACH IN
ANOTHER PROPERTY, A
SURVEY BE CONDUCTED
KNOWN AS
VERIFICATION SURVEY

IT IS A SURVEY MADE FOR

THE PURPOSE OF CHANGING
THE BOUNDARY LINE BY
INCREASING AND REDUCING
THE NUMBER OF CORNERS
PREVIOUSLY SURVEY OR
CONSOLIDATING/SUBDIVIDIN
G THE AREA WITHOUT
INCLUDING ANY NEW AREA.
AMENDMENT SURVEY

AFTER TAKING A
BACKSIGHT ON THE
ROD HELD AT THE
STATION THEN A
FORESIGHT BE TAKEN
AT THE FORWARD
STATION BY LOOSENING
THE
LOWER CLAMP SCREW

THE POINT OR
OBJECT SIGHTED
COULD BE BISECTED
BY THE USE OF THE
LOWER CLAMP TANGENT SCREW

THE VERNIER OF AN
ENGINEERS TRANSIT
BE SET TO 000000
READING WITH THE
USE OF
UPPER CLAMP TANGENT SCREW

ROD CAN BE CHECK

IF IT IS VERTICALLY
HELD OVER THE
POINT BY USING THE
HORIZONTAL CROSSHAIR OF THE
TELESCOPE AND
VERTICAL CLAMP TANGENT SCREW

AN ERROR THAT SO
LONG AS CONDITIONS
REMAIN UNCHANGED
ALWAYS HAS THE SAME
MAGNITUDE AND SAME
ALGEBRAIC SIGN,
POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE.
SYSTEMATIC

CONSTANT OR
SYSTEMATIC ERRORS
ARE
CUMULATIVE

THE SQUARE ROOT

OF SUM OF ERROR IN
LATITUDE SQUARED
AND ERROR IN
DEPARTURE
SQUARED DIVIDED
BY THE PERIMETER IS
THEERROR
RELATIVE

IN ISOLATED LAND
SURVEY, BEFORE
LEAVING THE PLACE
OF SURVEY THE
TRAVERSES SHALL BE
COMPUTED AND
CLOSED AND
DETERMINE
THE
RELATIVE ERROR CLOSURE

THE DIFFERENCE
BETWEEN THE
MEASUREMENT AND
TRUE VALUE IS
RESULTANT ERROR

THE DIFFERENCE
BETWEEN EACH
INDIVIDUAL
MEASUREMENTS AND
THE MEAN VALUE OF
MEASUREMENTS IS
DEVIATION

MEASUREMENTS BY
REPETITION THE
DIFFERENCE IN THE
STARTING BACK
AZIMUTH AND THE
CLOSING BACK
AZIMUTH OF THE
ANGULAR
ERROR
CLOSURE
INITIAL
LINE
IS

IN PRIMARY CONTROL
MEASUREMENT, THE
DIFFERENCE IN THE
STARTING BACK
AZIMUTH AND CLOSING
BACK AZIMUTH OF THE
INITIAL LINE IS THE
ANGULAR ERROR CLOSURE

CONDITION CHANGE
RESULTING IN
CORRESPONDING
CHANGES IS THE
MAGNITUDE OF THE
ERROR IS A
VARIABLE SYSTEMATIC ERROR

CONDITION DO NOT
CHANGE DURING A
SERIES OF
MEASUREMENTS IS
CONSTANT SYSTEMATIC ERROR

INTERIOR ANGLES OF
THE POLYGON FROM
ONE HUNDRED AND
EIGHTY DEGREES
MULTIPLIED BY THE
QUANTITY NUMBER OF
ANGLES IN THE CIRCUIT
LESS TWO IS CALLED
LINEAR ERROR OF CLOSURE

THE RELATIVE ERROR

OF CLOSE IN
PRIMARY CONTROLS
IS THE RESULT FROM
LINEAR ERROR DIVIDED BY PERIMETER

FOR OBSERVED
ALTITUDES OF THE
STAR, WE APPLY ONLY
CORRECTIONS FOR
INDEX ERROR AND REFRACTION

ERROR DUE TO THE

LIMITATION OF
HUMAN SENSE OF
SIGHT OR TOUCH
PERSONAL ERROR

WHEN THE BUBBLE

OF AN ENGINEERS
LEVEL NOT EXACTLY
CENTERED AT THE
INSTANT OF SIGHT,
THE ERROR IS
PERSONAL

COMBINATION OF
CAUSES BEYOND THE
ABILITY OF THE
OBSERVER TO
CONTROL AND FOR
WHICH IT IS
IMPOSSIBLE TO MAKE
ACCIDENTAL ERROR
CORRECTION.

ERRORS DUE TO
IMPERFECTIONS OR
FAULTY ADJUSTMENTS
OF THE INSTRUMENTS
OR DEVICES WITH
MEASUREMENTS IS
TAKEN IS
INSTRUMENT ERROR

ERROR DUE TO THE

VARIATIONS IN THE
PHENOMENA OF
NATURE SUCH
TEMPERATURE,
HUMIDITY, WIND
REFRACTION IS
NATURAL ERROR

AN UNINTENTIONAL
FAULT OF CONDUCT
ARISING FROM POOR
ADJUSTMENT OR
CONFUSION OF MIND
OF THE OBSERVER IS
MISTAKE

GENERALLY,
DIFFERENTIAL
LEVELING DIFFERS
FROM PROFILE
LEVELING IS THE
NUMBER OF
FORESIGHT

SKETCH PLANS ON
POLITICAL
BOUNDARY DISPUTES
SHALL BE PREPARED
FOR SETTLEMENT.
ORDINAL
FULL LINES
INDICATES
LOT LINES

POLITICAL BOUNDARY
DISPUTES SHALL BE
SURVEYED AT REGULAR
LOTS, AND OTHER
MINERAL LAND SURVEY
SHALL BE INDICATED
ON THE CADASTRAL
LOT LINES
MAP
BY

RESERVATION, PARKS
AND OTHER
PROTECTED AREAS,
THE UNSURVEYED
CLAIMS SHALL BE
SKETCHED AND
REFLECTED IN THE
LOT LINES
PLAN
IN

IN TOPOGRAPHY, IT
IS A LINE DIVIDING
THE WATER SHEDS,
AND ON ONE SIDE
WATER WILL FLOW
IN ONE DIRECTION
RIDGE LINE

IN TOPOGRAPHY,
ARE LINES ALONG
THE BOTTOM OF
THE VALLEY
WHERE TWO SIDES
OF THE
VALLEY
MEET
VALLEY LINES

A LINE TANGENT
TO A LEVEL
SURFACE IS
HORIZONTAL LINE

A LINE
PERPENDICULAR
TO THE PLANE OF
HORIZON IS
VERTICAL LINE

THE SLOPE OR
RATE OF ASCENT
OR DESCENT IS
GRADE OF LINE

RESERVATIONS, PARKS
AND OTHER PROTECTED
AREAS, PREVIOUSLY
APPROVED SURVEYS
INSIDE THE AREA SHALL
BE REFLECTED IN THE
PLAN, INDICATING THERE
IN THE SURVEY NUMBERS
BY LINES
LIGHT FULL

IT IS THE LINE
DRAWN ON A MAP OR
CHART TO
REPRESENT THE
TRACT TO WHICH AN
AIRCRAFT HAS
FLOWN OR TO BE
FLOWN.
FLIGHT LINE

THE BASE MERIDIAN

TO WHICH ALL
AZIMUTHS OF LINES
OF THE PROJECT
SHALL BE REFERRED
IS CALLED
CENTRAL

IT IS THE
INTERSECTION OR
TRADE OF A
HORIZONTAL PLANE
WITH THE SURFACE
OF THE GROUND
CONTOUR LINES

A CONTOUR LINES
WHICH CLOSES
WITHIN THE MAP
INDICATES A
DEPRESSION

WHERE THE GROUND

IS LEVEL THE
CONTOUR LINES ARE
STRAIGHT AND PARALLEL

IT IS A SURVEY MADE OF
REESTABLISHMENT OF
CORNERS OR BOUNDARY
LINES USING THE BEARING
DISTANCE, AND AREA
STATED IN THE
PREVIOUSLY APPROVED
PLAN OR WRITTEN IN THE
LEASE OR TORRENS TITLE.
RELOCATION SURVEY

CONTOUR INTERVAL
BETWEEN LINES
INDICATED LINES
INDICATES
STEEPNESS

CLOSELY-SPACED
CONTOUR LINES
INDICATES A
STEEP SLOPE

CONTOUR LINES
CHARACTERISTICS IS
THAT ALL POINTS AS
ANY ONE CONTOUR
LINE HAVE
EQUAL ELEVATION

CONTOUR LINES
CROSS EACH OTHER
WHERE THERE IS
AN OVERHANGING CLIFF

IT IS THE PROCESS
OF SPACING THE
CONTOUR LINES
PROPORTIONALLY
BETWEEN POINTS OF
KNOWN ELEVATION.
CONTOUR INTERPOLATION

IN UNDERGROUND
SURVEYING THE
HEIGHT OF POINTS
IS POSITIVE IF THE
POINT SIGHTED
IS
ABOVE THE STATION

A LIMITED
GEOGRAPHIC
COVERAGE SUCH
AS MUNICIPALITY, A
LARGE ISOLATED
TRACT OF LAND.
PROJECT CONTROL SURVEYS

SURVEY MADE TO
DETERMINE THE METES
AND BOUNDS OF ALL
PARCEL WITHIN THE
ENTIRE MUNICIPALITY
OR CITY FOR
REGISTRATION AND
OTHER PURPOSES.
CADASTRAL SURVEY

WHEREIN THE
BEARINGS AND
DISTANCES OF THE
INDIVIDUAL LOTS ARE
DETERMINED FROM
COMPUTATIONS BASED
ON THE ACTUAL
NUMERICAL
CADASTRE
SURVEY
.

CADASTRAL SURVEY
WHEREIN THE BEARINGS
AND DISTANCES OF THE
INDIVIDUAL LOTS ARE
DETERMINED USING
TRANSIT AND STADIA,
SCALING FROM PHOTO
MAP AND OTHER RELATED
METHODS.
GRAPHICAL SURVEY

CLASSES OF SURVEYS OF
PARCELS OF LANDS USE
FOR AGRICULTURAL,
RESIDENTIAL,
COMMERCIAL,
RESETTLEMENT, OR
OTHER PURPOSES
COVERING AREAS NOT
MORE THAN 1,500
ISOLATED SURVEYS
HECTARES.

THE SUBDIVISION OF
ALIENABLE AND
DISPOSABLE LANDS
COVERING AN AREA
OF MORE THAN 1,500
HECTARES.
PUBLIC LAND SUBDIVISION

SURVEYS COVERING
UNTITLED/UNDECREED
PROPERTIES BY CHANGING
THE NUMBER OF LOTS
THEREOF WITHOUT
AFFECTING THE ORIGINAL
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION
OF BOUNDARY.
AMENDMENT SURVEY

SURVEYS COVERING LANDS

CLAIMED OR OWNED BY AN
INDIVIDUAL, A PARTNERSHIP,
A CORPORATION, OR ANY
OTHER FORM OF
ORGANIZATION,
UNDERTAKEN FOR PURPOSES
OF ORIGINAL OR
SUBSEQUENT LAND
REGISTRATION.
PRIVATE LAND SURVEY

SURVEYS OF LAND
ADMINISTERED BY
OR BELONGINGS TO
THE NATIONAL
GOVERNMENT OR
ANY OF ITS
BRANCHES OR
INSTRUMENTALITIES.
GOVERNMENT LAND SURVEYS

SURVEYS AND THE LANDS

PURCHASED BY THE
GOVERNMENT FROM
RELIGIOUS ORDERS AND
PRIVATE CORPORATION
FROM 1904 TO 1913 FOR
DISTRIBUTION FOR
ACTUAL OCCUPANTS
PURSUANT TO ACT 1120.
FRIAR LAND STATES SURVEYS

SURVEYS OF ALL
PATRIMONIAL
PROPERTIES OWNED
BY THE
GOVERNMENT NOT
INTENDED FOR
PUBLIC USE.

NATIONAL GOVERNMENT LAND SURVEYS

SURVEYS ON LANDS
ACQUIRED BY THE
PROVINCIAL
MUNICIPAL/CITY AND
BARANGAY
GOVERNMENT
PURSUANT TO
REPUBLIC
ACT
7160.
LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT LAND SURVEYS

FOR THE PURPOSE OF

TRANSFORMING THE
LOTS COVERED BY
APPROVED CADASTRAL
SURVEYS INTO
NUMERICAL OR
REGULAR CADASTRAL
CONVERSION
SURVEYS
LOTS.

THE INSTRUCTION ISSUED BY

THE CONCERNED DENR
OFFICIAL TO A GOVERNMENT
GEODETIC ENGINEER OR
PRIVATE GEODETIC
ENGINEER TO CONDUCT
SURVEY OVER A PARCEL OF
LAND OF THE PUBLIC
DOMAIN OR SURVEY PROJECT
FOR A SPECIFIC PURPOSE.
SURVEY ORDER

TO CONDUCT PARKS
AND PROTECTED
AREAS DELIMITATION
SURVEYS WITH AREA
COVERS TWO OR MORE
REGIONS, THE SURVEY
ORDER SHALL BE
ISSUED BY THE
SECRETARY OF DENR

TO CONDUCT
DELIMITATION SURVEY
FOR WATERSHED
RESERVATION WITH
AREA COVERS TWO OR
MORE REGIONS, THE
SURVEY ORDER SHALL
BE ISSUED BY THE
SECRETARY OF DENR

BOUNDARY DISPUTES
BETWEEN TWO OR
MORE PROVINCES
BELONGINGS TO
DIFFERENT REGIONS,
THE SURVEY ORDER
SHALL BE ISSUED BY
DIRECTOR,
THE LMB

TO CONDUCT ISOLATED
LAND SURVEYS ON AREAS
COVERED BY SPECIAL
LAW/PROCLAMATION
GIVING JURISDICTION TO
THE LAND MANAGEMENT
BUREAU, AS PROVIDED IN
THE SURVEY AUTHORITY
SHALL BE ISSUED BY THE
DIRECTOR, LMB

TO CONDUCT
DELIMITATION
SURVEY ON LAND
CLASSIFICATION,
SURVEY ORDER
SHALL BE ISSUED
BY
THE
ADMINISTRATOR NAMRIA

TO CONDUCT
DELIMITATION SURVEYS
ON PARKS AND
PROTECTED AREAS
WITH 5,000 HECTARES
AND ABOVE, THE
SURVEY ORDER SHALL
BE ISSUED BY THE
RED

POLITICAL
BOUNDARY SURVEY
IN AN
INTERREGIONAL
BOUNDARY
DISPUTES, THE
SURVEY ORDER
SHALL BERED
ISSUED BY

TO CONDUCT A
DELIMITATION SURVEY FOR
WATERSHED RESERVATION
IN A REGION WITH AN
AREA OF SIX THOUSAND
(6,000) HECTARES, THE
SURVEY ORDER SHALL BE
ISSUED BY THE
RED

TO CONDUCT SURVEY OF
LOCAL GOVERNMENT
UNITS LANDS OF ONE
HUNDRED FIFTY (150)
HECTARES, AS ONE
HUNDRED FIFTY (150)
HECTARES, THE SURVEY
ORDER SHALL BE ISSUED
BY THE
RED

IN UNDERGROUND
SURVEY, THE
HEIGHT OF
INSTRUMENT IS
POSITIVE IF THE
INSTRUMENT IS
ABOVE THE STATION

POLITICAL
BOUNDARY SURVEY
OF BARANGAYS IN
THE SAME
MUNICIPALITY, THE
SURVEY AUTHORITY
SHALL BE ISSUED BY
RTD OF LANDS

IN UNDERGROUND
SURVEYING THE
HEIGHT OF POINT IS
NEGATIVE IF THE
POINT SIGHTED IS
BELOW THE STATION

IN UNDERGROUND
SURVEYING, EXPECT IN
NEARLY LEVEL
WORKING, THE
DISTANCE FORM ONE
STATION TO THE NEXT
STATION IS MEASURED
ON THE
SLOPE DISTANCE

SURVEY, THAT THE

EFFECTS OF ERROR IN
ANGULAR
MEASUREMENTS ARE
EQUAL TO THE EFFECTS
OF ERROR IN CHAINING
IS THE ASSUMPTION
COMPASS RULE
BASED
ON

SURVEY, THAT THE

ANGULAR
MEASUREMENTS ARE
MORE PRECISE THAN
ARE THOSE OF
CHAINING IS THE
ASSUMPTION BASE
TRANSIT
UPON

IN TOPOGRAPHIC
MAP WHERE THERE
IS WATER IN
DEPRESSION, THE
CONTOUR LINE IS
SHADED
BLUE

DISPLACEMENT OF THE
IMAGE OF OBJECTS
WITH RESPECT TO THE
OTHER OBJECTS DUE
TO DIFFERENCE IN
THEIR RESPECTIVE
DISTANCE FROM THE
PARALLAX
OBSERVER

RELATIVE TO THE SUNS

POSITION BELOW OR
ABOVE THE CELESTIAL
EQUATOR, WHAT IS THE
DIRECTION OF THE SUNS
MOTION FOLLOWING ITS
APPARENT PATH FROM
JUNE 22 TO DECEMBER
22?
SOUTHWARD

DISTANCE SUBSTANDED
BY THE INTERSECTION
OF THE PATH OF THE
SUN AND CELESTIAL
HORIZON OF THE
OBSERVER TO THE
SUNS POSITION
ALTITUDE
OF THE SUN
DURING
OBSERVATION

IT IS THE ANGULAR
DISTANCE NORTH OR
SOUTH OF THE
CELESTIAL SPHERE
DECLINATION OF THE SUN

THE ANGLE FORMED

BY THE ZENITH,
NORTH POLAR
DISTANCE AND THE
SUN IN THE
CELESTIAL SPHERE IS
CALLED
HOUR ANGLE OF THE SUN

THE ARC FORMED BY

THE SUN AND NORTH
CELESTIAL POLE IS
THE
POLAR DISTANCE OF THE SUN

IN STELLAR
OBSERVATION, THE
ANGULAR DISTANCE
FROM THE MARK TO
THE STAR IS
OBSERVED HORIZONTAL ANGLE

SOLAR OBSERVATION
CONDUCTED IN THE
AFTERNOON, THE
AZIMUTH OF THE
SUN IS EQUAL TO
HORIZONTAL ANGLE A

IN AFTERNOON
OBSERVATION, WHEN THE
MARK OBSERVED IS IN THE
NORTHEAST AND ON THE
RIGHT SIDE OF THE SUN,
THE TRUE AZIMUTH OF
THE LINE (STATION
OCCUPIED TO MARK) IS
A-OBSERVED HORIZONTAL ANGLE

IN AFTERNOON
OBSERVATION, WHEN THE
MARK OBSERVED IS IN THE
SOUTHEAST AND ON THE
LEFT SIDE OF THE SUN,
THE TRUE AZIMUTH OF
THE LINE (STATION
OCCUPIED TO MARK) IS
A-OBSERVED HORIZONTAL ANGLE

OBSERVATION, WHEN
THE MARK OBSERVED
IS ON THE SOUTHWEST
AND ON THE RIGHT
SIDE OF THE SUN, THE
TRUE AZIMUTH OF THE
LINE (STATION
(AZIMUTH OF THE
SUN)-(OBSERVED
OCCUPIED
TO
MARK)
IS
HORIZONTAL ANGLE)

OBSERVATION, WHEN
THE MARK OBSERVED
IS ON THE NORTHEAST
AND ON THE LEFT SIDE
OF THE SUN, THE TRUE
AZIMUTH OF THE LINE
(STATION OCCUPIED TO
(AZIMUTH
OF THE SUN)-(OBSERVED
MARK)
IS
HORIZONTAL ANGLE)

OBSERVATION OF
WESTERN
ELONGATION, WHEN
MARK IS ON THE
RIGHT OF STAR, THE
TRUE AZIMUTH
STATION TO MARK

360-OBSERVE HORIZONTAL ANGLE-BEARING OF

STAR + 180

180-OBSERVED
HORIZONTAL ANGLEBEARING OF STARPOLARIS OBSERVATION AT
WESTERN ELONGATION
WHEN MARK TO THE LEFT
OF STAR, THE TRUE
AZIMUTH STATION TO
MARK
EQUALS.
180-OBSERVED HORIZONTAL ANGLE-BEARING
OF STAR

OBSERVATION AT
EASTERN
ELONGATION, WHEN
MARK IS ON THE
LEFT SIDE OF STAR
THE TRUE AZIMUTH
STATION TO MARK

180-(OBSERVED HORIZONTAL ANGLE-BEARING

OF STAR)

POLARIS OBSERVATION
AT EASTERN
ELONGATION, WHEN
THE MARK IS TO THE
RIGHT OF THE STAR,
THE TRUE AZIMUTH
STATION TO MARK
EQUALS.
180+BEARING OF STAR+ (360-OBSERVE
HORIZONTAL ANGLE)

POLARIS AT LOWER
CULMINATION, WHEN
MARK IS ON THE RIGHT
SIDE OF STAR, THE
TRUE AZIMUTH STATION
OCCUPIED TO MARK
EQUALS.
180+HORIZONTAL ANGLE STARS TO MARK

POLARIS AT LOWER
CULMINATION, WHEN
THE MARK IS ON THE
LEFT SIDE OF STAR,
THE TRUE AZIMUTH
STATION OCCUPIED TO
MARK EQUALS.
180-HORIZONTAL ANGLE MARK TO STAR

POLARIS OBSERVATION
AT UPPER
CULMINATION, WHEN
THE MARK IS ON THE
RIGHT SIDE OF STAR,
THE TRUE AZIMUTH
STATION OCCUPIED TO
MARK
EQUALS.
180+(360-OBSERVED HORIZONTAL ANGLE)

POLARIS AT UPPER
CULMINATION, WHEN
THE MARK IS ON THE
LEFT SIDE OF STAR,
THE TRUE AZIMUTH
STATION OCCUPIED TO
MARK EQUALS.
180-(OBSERVED HORIZONTAL ANGLE)

SOLAR OBSERVATION
CONDUCTED IN THE
MORNING THE
AZIMUTH OF THE
SUN RECKONED
FROM THE SOUTH IS
EQUAL TO.
360-HORIZONTAL ANGLE A

RELATIVE TO THE SUNS

POSITION BELOW OR
ABOVE THE CELESTIAL
EQUATOR, WHAT IS THE
DIRECTION OF THE SUNS
MOTION FOLLOWING ITS
APPARENT PATH FROM
DECEMBER 22 TO JUNE
22?
NORTHWARD

OBSERVATION WHEN
THE MARK OBSERVED
IS ON THE NORTHEAST
AND ON THE LEFT SIDE
OF THE SUN, THE TRUE
AZIMUTH OF THE LINE
(STATION OCCUPIED TO
360-A-(OBSERVED
HORIZONTAL ANGLE)
MARK).

OBSERVATION, WHEN
THE MARK OBSERVED
IS ON SOUTHEAST AND
ON THE RIGHT SIDE OF
THE SUN, THE TRUE
AZIMUTH OF THE LINE
(STATION OCCUPIED TO
360-A+(ANGLE
SUN TO
MARK)
IS.THE MARK)

IN AFTERNOON
OBSERVATION, WHEN THE
MARK OBSERVED IS ON
THE SOUTHEAST AND ON
THE LEFT SIDE OF THE
SUN, THE TRUE AZIMUTH
OF THE LINE (STATION
OCCUPIED TO MARK) IS.
360-OBSERVED HORIZONTAL ANGLE+A

THE ADJOINING
CADASTRAL MAP NUMBER
ON THE NORTHEAST OF A
CERTAIN CADASTRAL MAP
IN THE LATITUDE AND
LONGITUDE OF THE POINT
OF INTERSECTION IN THE
QUADRANGLES OF
EXTREMES OF.
NORTH PARALLEL AND EAST MERIDIAN

THE ADJOINING
CADASTRAL MAP NUMBER
ON THE NORTH OF A
CERTAIN CADASTRAL MAP
IS THE LATITUDE AND
LONGITUDE OF THE POINT
OF INTERSECTION IN THE
QUADRANGLE OF ITS
EXTREMES OF.
NORTH PARALLEL AND WEST MERIDIAN

CADASTRAL MAP NUMBER

ON THE NORTHWEST OF A
CERTAIN CADASTRAL MAP
IN THE LATITUDE AND
LONGITUDE MINUS ONE
MINUTE OF THE POINT OF
INTERSECTION IN THE
QUADRANGLE OF ITS
NORTH PARALLEL
AND WEST
EXTREMES
OF.MERIDIAN

THE ADJOINING
CADASTRAL MAP NUMBER
ON THE EAST OF A
CERTAIN CADASTRAL MAP
IN THE LATITUDE AND
LONGITUDE OF THE POINT
OF INTERSECTION IN THE
QUADRANGLES OF ITS
EXTREMES OF.
SOUTH PARALLEL AND EAST MERIDIAN

CADASTRAL MAP NUMBER

ON THE SOUTHEAST OF A
CERTAIN CADASTRAL MAP
IS THE LATITUDE MINUS
ONE MINUTE AND
LONGITUDE OF THE POINT
OF INTERSECTION IN THE
QUADRANGLES OF ITS
SOUTH PARALLEL
AND EAST
MERIDIAN
EXTREMES
OF.

CADASTRAL MAP NUMBER

ON THE SOUTHWEST OF
CERTAIN CADASTRAL MAP
IS THE LATITUDE MINUS
ONE MINUTE AND
LONGITUDE MINUS ONE
MINUTE OF THE POINT OF
INTERSECTION IS THE
QUADRANGLES OF ITS
SOUTH PARALLEL AND WEST MERIDIAN
EXTREME.

MAP NUMBER ON THE

SOUTH OF CERTAIN
CADASTRAL MAP IS THE
LATITUDE MINUS ONE
MINUTE AND LONGITUDE
MINUS ONE MINUTE OF THE
POINT OF INTERSECTION IS
THE QUADRANGLES OF ITS
SOUTH PARALLEL
AND WEST
EXTREME
OFMERIDIAN

THE ADJOINING CADASTRAL

MAP NUMBER ON THE WEST
OF CERTAIN CADASTRAL MAP
IS THE LATITUDE MINUS ONE
MINUTE AND LONGITUDE
MINUS ONE MINUTE OF THE
POINT OF INTERSECTION IS
THE QUADRANGLES OF ITS
EXTREME OF.
SOUTH PARALLEL AND WEST MERIDIAN

THE CORRESPONDING
MAP NUMBER OF A
PROJECTION MAP IS THE
LATITUDE AND
LONGITUDE OF THE
POINT OF INTERSECTION
IN THE QUADRANGLES OF
ITS
EXTREME.
SOUTH PARALLEL AND WEST MERIDIAN

MAP NUMBER OF A
CADASTRAL MAP IS THE
LATITUDE AND
LONGITUDE OF THE
POINT OF INTERSECTION
IN THE SPHEROIDAL
QUADRANGLES OF ITS
SOUTH PARALLEL
AND WEST
EXTREME
OF.MERIDIAN

IN PRIMARY CONTROL
MEASUREMENTS, BY
REPETITION, SUBTRACT THE
RECEIVE ANGLES FROM THE
BACK AZIMUTH OF THE
PRECEDING LINE. IF THE
DIFFERENCES IN NEGATIVE,
ADD 360 .THE POSITIVE SUM
IN THE
FORWARD AND AZIMUTH

MEASUREMENTS BY
REPETITION, AT THE INITIAL
STATION, ADD THE FIRST
ANGLES OR THE MEAN OF
THE OBSERVED ANGLES TO
THE BACK AZIMUTH, AND
SUBTRACT 360DEGREES IF
THE SUM EXCEED 360
DEGREES
FORWARDTHE
AND RESULT
AZIMUTH IS

IN PRIMARY CONTROL
MEASUREMENTS BY
REPETITION, AT THE SECOND
STATION ADD 10 DEGREES
TO THE FORWARD AZIMUTH
OF THE PRECEDING LINE,
SUBTRACT 360 DEGREES, IF
THE SUM EXCEED 360
DEGREES. THE RESULT IS
BACK AZIMUTH

ON PRIMARY
CONTROLS USING
TRIANGULATION BY
REPETITION METHOD,
THE ANGLES SHALL BE
MEASURED
6 TIMES

FOR SECONDARY
CONTROL USING
TRIANGULATION
REPETITION METHOD,
THE ANGLES SHALL BE
MEASURED
4 TIMES

FOR TERTIARY
CONTROL USING
TRIANGULATION
REPETITION METHOD,
THE ANGLES SHALL BE
MEASURED
2 TIMES

POLAR DISTANCE OF
OBSERVATION FROM JUNE
22 TO DECEMBER 22,
DISTANCE IS THE NPD
TAKEN FROM THE
ALMANAC AND THE
TOTAL DIFFERENCE
ADDED
(CORRECTION)
IS

POLAR DISTANCE OF
OBSERVATION FROM
DECEMBER 22 TO JUNE
22, DISTANCE IS THE NPD
TAKEN FROM THE
ALMANAC AND THE
TOTAL DIFFERENCE
SUBTRACTED
(CORRECTION)
IS

IN AFTERNOON
OBSERVATION, WHEN THE
MARK OBSERVED IS ON
THE NORTHEAST AND ON
THE RIGHT SIDE OF THE
SUN, THE TRUE AZIMUTH
OF THE LINE (STATION
OCCUPIED TO MARK) IS.
A+360-(OBSERVED HORIZONTAL ANGLE)

IN STELLAR
OBSERVATION THE
REFRACTION IS
ALWAYS TO BE.
SUBTRACTED

FROM JUNE 22 TO
DECEMBER 22, THE
NORTH POLAR
DISTANCE OF THE SUM
INCREASES

FROM DECEMBER 22
TO JUNE 22, THE
NORTH POLAR
DISTANCE OF THE SUM
DECREASES

IN PRIMARY CONTROL
TRIANGULATION, THE
CHECK BASE NOT TO
EXCEED
1:20,000

IN TERTIARY CONTROL
TRIANGULATION, THE
CHECK BASE NOT TO
EXCEED
1:5,000

UNLESS OTHERWISE
REQUIRED IN THE
AUTHORITY OR ORDER
FOR SURVEY, THE
TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY
OF TOWN SITE BE
PLOTTED ON A SCALE
1:2,000

THE STANDARD SCALE

OF ONE MINUTE
(100) CADASTRAL
MAP IS
1:4,000

THE STANDARD SCALE

OF THIRTY SECONDS
(30) CADASTRAL MAP
IS
1:2,000

THE STANDARD SCALE

OF FIFTEEN SECONDS
(15) CADASTRAL MAP
IS
1:1,000

THE STANDARD SCALE

OF FIFTEEN SECONDS
(7.5) CADASTRAL MAP
IS
1:500

THE STANDARD SCALE

OF FIFTEEN SECONDS
(3.75) CADASTRAL
MAP IS
1:250

MUNICIPAL BASE MAP

SHALL BE DRAWN IN THE
PHILIPPINES PLANE
COORDINATES
SYSTEM/PRS 92 ON
DRAFTING FILM OF 54X54
CENTIMETERS TO A
STANDARD SCALE OF
1:60,000

IN A SECTIONAL
CADASTRAL MAPS
SCALE 1:1000, THE
NORTHWEST (NW)
SECTION OF THE
SECTIONAL
CADASTRAL MAPS
SCALE SECTION
1:2000
1-A IS THE

REGIONAL BASE MAPS

SHALL BE DRAWN IN THE
TRAVERSE LOCATOR
PROJECTION ON
DRAFTING FILM OF
UNIFORM SIZE 104X104
CENTIMETERSTO A
STANDARD SCALE
1:800,000

IN A SECTIONAL
CADASTRAL MAPS
SCALE 1:2000, THE
NORTHEAST (NE)
SECTION OF THE
SECTIONAL
CADASTRAL MAPS
SCALE SECTION
1:2000
1-B IS THE

IN A SECTIONAL
CADASTRAL MAPS
SCALE 1:1000, THE
SOUTHEAST (SE)
SECTION OF THE
SECTIONAL MAPS
SCALE 1:2000 IS THE
SECTION 1-C

IN A SECTIONAL
CADASTRAL MAP
SCALE 1:1000, THE
SOUTHEAST (SW)
SECTION OF THE
SECTIONAL MAPS
SCALE 1:2000 IS THE
SECTION 1-D

IN A SECTIONAL
CADASTRAL SCALE
1:2000 THE
NORTHEAST (NE)
SECTION OF THE
STAND CADASTRAL IS
THE
SECTION 2

IN A LOCATION MAPS
1:2000, THE
SOUTHEAST (SE)
SECTION OF THE
STANDARD
CADASTRAL MAP IS
THE
SECTION 3

IN A SECTIONAL
CADASTRAL MAPS,
SCALE 1:2000, THE
SOUTHWEST (SW)
SECTION OF THE
STANDARD
CADASTRAL MAP IS
THE 4
SECTION

POLARIS IS AT
WESTERN
ELONGATION, WHEN
THE HORIZONTAL
ANGLE IS
MINIMUM

POLARIS AT LOWER
CULMINATION WHEN
THE VERTICAL ANGLE
IS
MINIMUM

POLARIS IS AT UPPER
CULMINATION, WHEN
THE VERTICAL ANGLE
IS
MAXIMUM

POLARIS IS AT
EASTERN
ELONGATION, WHEN
THE HORIZONTAL
ANGLE IS
MAXIMUM

FIGURE ADJUSTMENT,
THE SUM OF THE
INTERIOR ANGLES OF A
PLANE RECTILINEAR IS
EQUAL TO NUMBER OF
SIDES OF FIGURE MINUS
0
2 TIMES 180 IS THE
GEOMETRIC CONDITION

IN FIGURE
ADJUSTMENT, THEY IN
ANY TRIANGLE THE
SINES OF THE ANGLES
ARE PROPORTIONAL
TO THE LENGTHS OF
THE SIDES OPPOSITE
IS CONDITION
TRIGONOMETRIC

INTEGRATED SOCIAL
FORESTRY MAP SHALL
BE DRAWN IN
MATERIALS OF A
UNIFORM SIZE
54 X 54 CENTIMETERS

THE UNIFORM SIZE OF

A CADASTRAL MAP IS

54 X 54 CENTIMETERS

GEOLOGIC MAP SHALL

BE DRAWN IS A
MATERIAL OF UNIFORM
SIZE
75 X 75 CENTIMETERS

PROJECT CONTROL
MAP SHALL BE
PREPARED AT ANY
APPROPRIATE SCALE
THAT WILL ALLOW THE
PLOTTING OF ENTIRE
MUNICIPALITY IN A
MARGINAL LINES 50FILM
X50 CENTIMETERS
DRAFTING
WITH

WHERE WATER FLOWS

CONTINUOUSLY OR
INTERMITTENTLY
THROUGHOUT THE
YEAR ON NARROW
NATURAL BED OR
CHANNEL.
ARROYO

IT IS A BED OR
CHANNEL THROUGH
WHICH STAGNANT
DIRTY OR SALT WATER
FLOWS UNDER
INFLUENCE OF TIDES.
ESTERO

IS A NATURAL BED OR
CHANNEL THROUGH
WHICH WATER FLOWS
OR CONTINUOUSLY OR
INTERMITTENTLY
THROUGHOUT THE
YEAR
RIVER

IS A NATURAL STREAM
OF WATER LONGER
THAN A BROOK AND
OFTEN TRIBUTARY TO
A RIVER.
CREEK

IS A SMALL BODY OF
STANDING OR
STAGNANT WATER
POOL

IN PRIMARY CONTROL
TRIANGULATION, THE
PROBABLE ERROR NOT
TO EXCEED
1:40,000

IS A BODY OF
NATURALLY OR
ARTIFICIALLY
CONFINED AND
USUALLY SMALLER
THAN LAKE.
POND

IT IS A SHORE OR
BORDER OF LAND
ADJACENT TO THE SEA
OR OCEAN
SEACOAST

THE EASEMENT OF
COAST POLICE IS
WITHIN THE
SALVAGE ZONE

MINERAL LAND SURVEYS

ARE SURVEYS EXECUTED
FOR LEASE, PERMIT
LICENSE, PURSUANT TO
THE MINING LAWS OF
THE REPUBLIC OF THE
PHILIPPINES EXCEPT FOR
COAL & PETROLEUM

IT IS THE VERTICAL
DISTANCE FROM THE
STATION TO THE POINT
SIGHTED IN THE
TRANSIT IN MINING
SURVEY
HEIGHT OF POINT

A RELATIVELY THIN
DEPOSIT OF MINERAL
BETWEEN DEFINITE
BOUNDARIES
LODE

A PASSAGE DRIVEN
INTO THE ROCK CORE
AHEAD OF THE MAIN
EXCAVATION IN MINING
SURVEYING
HEADING

IN MINE SURVEYING, IT
IS AN INCLINED
PASSAGE DRIVEN IN A
PARTICULAR
DIRECTION.
DRIFT

A VERTICAL OR A
NEARLY VERTICAL
OPENING INTO A MINE
SHAFT

THE PORTION OF THE

VEIN EXPOSED AT THE
SURFACE OF THE
GROUND, IN MINE
SURVEYING
OUTCROP

IN MINE SURVEYING,
THE VERTICAL ANGLE
BETWEEN THE PLANE
OF THE VEIN AND A
HORIZONTAL PLANE
MEASURED
PERPENDICULAR TO
THE STRIKE
DIP

THE LINE OF
INTERSECTION OF THE
VEIN WITH A
HORIZONTAL PLANE
ALSO THE DIRECTION
OF THAT LINE
EXPRESSED AS A
BEARING
STRIKE

IN ADJUSTMENT OF
SINGLE CHAIN OF
TRIANGLES, TO MAKE
THE SUM OF THE
ANGLES ABOUT EACH
POINT EQUALS 360
DEGREES
STATION ADJUSTMENT

SINGLE CHAIN
TRIANGLES, TO MAKE
THE SUM OF THE
THREE ANGLES IN
EACH TRIANGLE
EQUAL 180 DEGREES,
PLUS SPHERICAL
FIGURE ADJUSTMENT

A PLANE TANGENT TO
A LEVEL SURFACE TO A
LEVEL SURFACE
HORIZONTAL PLANE

A PLANE OF WHICH A
VERTICAL LINES IS AN
ELEMENTS
VERTICAL PLANE

BECAUSE THE
APPARENT PATH OF
THE SUN IS INCLINED
TO THE EQUATOR, IT
CONTINUALLY
CHANGES DISTANCE
NORTH POLAR

CONVERGENCY
CORRECTION SHALL
BE ADDED TO THE
AZIMUTH FOR POINTS
WEST OF CENTRAL MERIDIAN

CONVERGENCY
CORRECTION SHALL
BE SUBTRACTED TO
THE ASTRONOMICAL
AZIMUTH FOR POINTS
EAST OF CENTRAL MERIDIAN

HEREIN LISTED
METHODS OF
LEVELING, WHICH IS
THE FASTER?
BAROMETRIC

IT IS A VERTICAL
DISTANCE TO
POINTS OR OBJECT
ABOVE THE EARTHS
SURFACE
ALTITUDE

THE VERTICAL
DISTANCE ABOVE A
GIVEN DATUM OF AN
AIRCRAFT IN FLIGHT
OR DURING
SPECIFIED PORTION
OF
A
FLIGHT
FLIGHT ALTITUDE

IT IS THE ANGLE
FORMED BY THE
PLUMB LINE AND
THE PLANE OF THE
EQUATOR IN
ASTRONOMICAL
OBSERVATION
ASTRONOMICAL ALTITUDE

THE TRIANGLE
FORMED BY THE
SUN, ZENITH AND
NORTH CELESTIAL
POLE IN THE
CELESTIAL SPHERE
ASTRONOMICAL TRIANGLE

THE TIME OBTAINED

BY THE SUN

LOCAL TIME

THE TIME OBTAINED

BY THE
OBSERVATION OF
THE STAR
LOCAL SIDEREAL TIME

THE ANGULAR
DISTANCE FORMED BY
INTERSECTION OF THE
CELESTIAL EQUATOR
AND CELESTIAL
MERIDIAN OF
OBSERVER TO THE
ZENITH
LATITUDE
OF THE OBSERVER

A VERTICAL DISTANCE
ABOVE THE DATUM OF
POINT OR OBJECT ON
THE EARTH SURFACE
ELEVATION

A VERTICAL DISTANCE
ABOVE THE DATUM OF
POINT OR OBJECT ON
THE EARTH SURFACE
ELEVATION

YEAR, THE SUN IS ABOVE

THE CELESTIAL EQUATOR
AND THE OTHER HALF THE
SUN IS BELOW THE
CELESTIAL EQUATOR IN ITS
EASTWARD MOTION
FOLLOWING ITS APPARENT
PATH KNOWN AS HELICAL
PATH
HELICAL
PATH

THE CHANGE IN THE

POLAR DISTANCE
PER HOUR
HOURLY VARIATION

THE TOTAL DIFFERENCE

OR CORRECTION ON THE
NORTH POLAR DISTANCE
IS HOURLY VARIATION
DIFFERENCE OF TIME OF
OBSERVATION (FROM
8AM OR 2PM)
PRODUCT

A ROD COMMONLY
USED IN LEVELLING
AND A TARGET AND
SELF-READING ROD
PHILADELPHIA ROD

THE VERTICAL
SECTION OF THE LINE
OF SURVEY SHOWING
ELEVATIONS
PROFILE

A DEGREE OF
COMMONLY WITH A
STANDARD
PRECISION

IN A DEGREE
REFINEMENT IN THE
PERFORMANCE OF AN
OPERATION OR IN THE
STATEMENT OF RESULT
ACCURACY

A STEREOSCOPIC
INSTRUMENT FOR
MEASURING PARALLAX
STEREOCOMPARATOR

A MECHANICAL DEVICE
OR DEVICES USED TO
FACILITATE SEEING AS
IN THREE DIMENSIONS
IN PHOTOGRAMMETRY
STEREOSCOPE

A PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN
WITH THE CAMERA
AXIS DIRECTED
INTENTIONALLY
BETWEEN
HORIZONTAL AND
VERTICAL
OBLIQUE PHOTOGRAPH

THE PHOTO SCALE IS

THE FOCAL LENGTH OF
CAMERA AND FLIGHT
HEIGHT
QUOTIENT

AN ASSEMBLAGE OF
SEPARATE
PHOTOGRAPHED
MOSAIC

IN PHOTOGRAMMETRY,
THE DISTANCE FROM
THE NEGATIVE TO THE
LENS OF CAMERA
FOCAL LENGTH

THE OPERATION OF
MEASURING
DIFFERENCE IN
ELEVATION
LEVELLING

A CURVED SURFACE
EVERY ELEMENT OF
WHICH IS NORMAL TO
THE PLUMB LINE
LEVEL SURFACE

A TRANSIT STATION,
OR POINT OVER WHICH
THE TRANSIT IS SET
WITH A TRACK IN THE
TOP MARKING THE
POINT
HUB

FOR LAND SURVEY IN

THE PHILIPPINES, MAPS
AND PLANS OF ALL
LANDS, SURVEYS SHALL
BE PLOTTED IN
STANDARD BASE MAPS
PROJECTED UPON
SPHEROIDAL
CLARK SPHEROID OF 1886

THE VERTICAL
DISTANCE FROM
STATION OCCUPIED TO
THE HORIZONTAL AXIS
OF THE TRANSIT IN
MINE SURVEY
HEIGHT OF INSTRUMENT

IN PRIMARY CONTROL,
HORIZONTAL
DISTANCE MEASURED
SHALL BE READ AND
RECORDED
REAR CHAIRMAN

IN CASE THAT SIDE

SHOTS IN MARSHY
LANDS EXCEEDED THE
REQUIRED LENGTH,
ANOTHER SHOT FROM
ANOTHER STATION AS A
CHECK AND DIFFERENCE
SHALL BE WITHIN
20 CENTIMETERS

IN AGRICULTURAL AREAS,
THE POSITION OF THE
CORNERS OF THE EARLIER
SURVEY SHALL BE ADOPTED
WHEN THE POSITION OF A
CORNER OF LATTER SURVEY
AND THE NEW SURVEY AS
DETERMINE DIFFER BY NO
MORE THAN
30 CENTIMETERS

A TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY ON
THE AREAS RESERVE FOR
TOWN SITE SHALL BE MADE
AFTER THE BOUNDARY
SURVEY. UNLESS OTHERWISE
REQUIRED IN THE
AUTHORITY OR ORDER FOR
SURVEY, THE CONTOUR
SHALL BE LOCATED AT
2 METERS INTERVAL

IF THE BLOCK LENGTH OF

A HOUSING SUBDIVISION
PROJECT EXCEEDS TWO
HUNDRED FIFTY METERS
IT SHALL BE PROVIDED
AT MIDDLE LENGTH AT
LEAST
3 METERS ALLEY

THE DIFFERENCE OF
MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM
ELEVATION 99 METERS
BELOW, THE CONTOUR
SHALL SUIT THE
TOPOGRAPHIC
CONDITIONS OF THE
AREAS, CONTOUR
5 METERS

STREAMS, SHALL BE
EXCLUDE FROM THE
BOUNDARIES OF THE
PROPERTY UNDERGOING
SURVEY, THROUGH
WHICH WATER FLOWS
CONTINUOUSLY HAVING
WIDTH OF
LESS THAN 5 METERS

STREAM, SHALL BE
EXCLUDED FROM THE
BOUNDARIES OF THE
PROPERTY
UNDERGOING SURVEY,
HAVING NATURAL BED
OR CHANNEL
5 METERS OR MORE WIDTH

LANDS BORDERING
THE SEAS, GULF, BAYS
OR PORTS ARE
SUBJECT TO EASEMENT
OF COASTAL POLICE
FROM THE SHORELINE
LANDWARD OF
5 METERS WIDE

LANDS BORDERING
THE SEAS, GULF,
BAYS OR PORTS ARE
SUBJECT TO
EASEMENT OF
SALVAGE ZONE OF
20 METERS WIDE

PROVIDES , THAT
STARTING FROM THE
BANKS OF EACH SIDE OF
ANY RIVER OR STREAM
SHALL BE DEMARCATED
AND PRESERVE AS
PERMANENT
40 METERSAWIDE
TIMBERLAND,
STRIP OF

IN A MINERAL LAND
SURVEYS, IF THE
DIFFERENCE OF MAXIMUM
AND MINIMUM ELEVATION IS
100 METERS AND ABOVE,
THE CONTOURS SHALL SUIT
THE TOPOGRAPHIC
CONDITIONS OF THE AREAS,
CONTOUR INTERVAL IS
10 METERS WIDE

STREAMS THROUGH
WHICH WATER
FLOWS
CONTINUOUSLY
SHALL BE EXCLUDED
FROM THE LOT IF
THE
WIDTH
IS
LESS THAN 5 METERS

IN PRIMARY CONTROL
LINE MEASUREMENT, THE
STEEL TAPE SHALL BE
SUPPORTED, TO MINIMIZE
SAGGING, THROUGHOUT
ITS ENTIRE LENGTH AT
EVERY
25 METERS

SIDE SHOTS LENGTH

USING STEEL TAPE FOR
RESIDENTIAL LOT
CORNERS FROM
CONTROL STATION
SHALL NOT EXCEED
50 METERS

SIDE SHOTS LENGTH

USING STEEL TAPE FOR
AGRICULTURAL LOT
CORNERS FROM
CONTROL STATION
SHALL NOT EXCEED
100 METERS

LOCATION
MONUMENTS SHALL BE
ESTABLISH BY PAIR,
AND THE DISTANCE
BETWEEN A PAIR OF
MONUMENTS SHALL
NOT BE LESS THAN
100 METERS

IN HOUSING
SUBDIVISIONS THE
MAXIMUM LENGTH
OF A BLOCK SHALL
NOT BE MORE THAN
400 METERS

DISTANCE BETWEEN
SECONDARY
TRAVERSE STATION
SHALL NOT BE LESS
THAN
100 METERS

DISTANCE BETWEEN
PRIMARY TRAVERSE
STATION SHALL NOT
BE LESS THAN
100 METERS

BLOCK BOUNDARY OF
HOUSING SUBDIVISION
SHALL BE MARKED WITH
PERMANENT CONCRETE
MONUMENTS AND THE
LENGTH SHALL BE
PREFERABLY
250 METERS

IN MINERAL SURVEY,
THE DISTANCE
BETWEEN LOCATION
POST SHALL NOT
EXCEED
300 METERS

IN PRIMARY CONTROL
TRAVERSE, THE LINEAR
ERROR OF CLOSURE
NOT TO EXCEED
THE PRODUCT OF THE PERIMETER OF THE
CONTROL MULTIPLIED BY 0.00001

IN SECONDARY
CONTROL TRAVERSE,
THE LINEAR ERROR OF
CLOSURE NOT TO
EXCEED
THE PRODUCT OF THE PERIMETER OF THE
CONTROL MULTIPLIED BY 0.00002

IN TERTIARY CONTROL
TRAVERSE, THE
LINEAR ERROR OF
CLOSURE NOT TO
EXCEED
THE PRODUCT OF THE PERIMETER OF THE
CONTROL MULTIPLIED BY 0.00005

IN A REQUIRED SERIES
OF ASTRONOMICAL
OBSERVATIONS FOR
SECONDARY CONTROL
TRAVERSE, THE
ALLOWABLE PROBABLE
ERROR SHALL NOT
EXCEED
10 SECONDS OF ARC

IN ASTRONOMICAL
OBSERVATION FOR AZIMUTH
IN SECONDARY CONTROL,
THE PROBABLE ERROR (P.E)
OF THE ARITHMETIC MEAN
OF TWO SETS IN SERIES OF
OBSERVATION SHALL NOT
EXCEED
10 SECONDS OF ARC

IN ASTRONOMICAL
OBSERVATION OF AZIMUTH
IN TERTIARY CONTROL, THE
PROBABLE ERROR (P.E) OF
ARITHMETIC MEAN OF TWO
SETS IN A SERIES OF
OBSERVATIONS SHALL NOT
EXCEED
15 SECONDS OF ARC

THE PROBABLE ERROR

OF AZIMUTH IN AN
OBSERVED
ASTRONOMICAL
OBSERVATION SHALL
NOT EXCEED
15 SECONDS OF ARC

MUNICIPALITY BASE
MAPS SHALL
COMPRISE AREAS
WITHIN SPHEROIDAL
QUADRANGLE OF
15 OR ARC IS LATITUDE & 10 OF ARC IN
LONGITUDE

THE ASTRONOMICAL
AZIMUTH DETERMINE
AT THE PRIMARY
CONTROL LINE SHALL
BE CORRECTED FOR
CONVERGENCY OF
MERIDIAN AND SHALL
20 OF ARC WITH CARRIED
GRID AZIMUTH OF
BE
THE LINE

THE INSTRUMENT SHALL BE

TESTED AND ADJUSTED
ACCORDING WHEN THE
DIRECT AND REVERSED
READINGS OF THE VERTICAL
ANGLES TO A POINT,
CORRECTED FOR INDEX
ERROR, DIFFER BY MORE
THAN
30
OF ARC

IN TERTIARY CONTROL
CADASTRAL PROJECT THE
TRAVERSE MUST START AND
CLOSE IN A PRIMARY OR
SECONDARY CONTROL AND
THE INSTRUMENT
ORIENTATION AND CLOSING
READING TO THE NEAREST
30 OF ARC

IN TERTIARY CONTROL OF
CADASTRAL PROJECT
THE INSTRUMENT SHALL
BE ORIENTED IN A
PRIMARY OR SECONDARY
TRAVERSE LINES OF THE
PROJECT TO THE
NEAREST
30 OF ARC

IN TERTIARY CONTROL,
AZIMUTH SHALL BE READ
FROM THE INSTRUMENT
TO THE NEAREST ONE
MINUTE OF ARC EXCEPT
AT CLOSING LINE WHERE
AZIMUTH BE READ TO
THE NEAREST
30 OF ARC

THE ASTRONOMICAL
AZIMUTHS DETERMINED
AT SECONDARY STATIONS
AFTER CORRECTION FOR
CONVERGENCY SHALL
CONFIRM WITH CARRIED
AZIMUTH TO
WITHIN 30 OF ARC

THE ASTRONOMICAL
AZIMUTHS DETERMINED
AT SECONDARY STATIONS
AFTER CORRECTION FOR
CONVERGENCY SHALL
CONFIRM WITH CARRIED
AZIMUTH TO
1 OF ARC

IN A PORTION OF PROJECT
WHERE THE LAND IS
DIVIDED INTO LARGE LOTS
LIE HACIENDA, RESERVATION
AND SIMILAR TRACTS, THE
SECONDARY TRAVERSE
SHALL BE ESTABLISHED AND
INTERVALS OF
NOT EXCEEDING 3 OF ARC

IN PRIMARY CONTROL,
TRIANGULATION
CLOSURE NOT TO
EXCEED BASE
MEASUREMENT BY
5

IN SECONDARY
CONTROL, TRIANGLE
CLOSURE NOT TO
EXCEED BASE
MEASUREMENT BY
10

IN TERTIARY CONTROL,
TRIANGLE CLOSURE
NOT EXCEED BASE
MEASUREMENT BY
30

LOCATION
MONUMENTS SHALL BE
ESTABLISHED BY PAIRS
AND THE DISTANCE
BETWEEN A PAIR OF
MONUMENTS
PREFERABLE BE
ABOUT.
300
METERS

IN EXECUTING CLOSED
CIRCUIT TRAVERSE IN
ISOLATED SURVEY, NO
TRAVERSE LINE SHALL
EXCEED.
500 METERS

THE LENGTH OF
SECONDARY CONTROL
LINES SHALL NOT
EXCEED.
500 METERS

WHEREVER POSSIBLE,
THE LENGTH OF ONE
OF THE SIDES OF THE
RECTANGULAR TRACT
FOR LEASE LAID OUT
ON THE GROUND
SHALL NOT EXCEED.
500 METERS

DISTANCE BETWEEN
SECONDARY TRAVERSE
STATIONS SHALL NOT
EXCEED.
500 METERS

IN ISOLATED SURVEY,
BOUNDARY LINES OF
PARCEL SHALL BE
MARKED WITH
CONCRETE
MONUMENTS AT
INTERVAL NOT TO
EXCEED.
500 METERS

DISTANCE BETWEEN
PRIMARY TRAVERSE
STATION SHALL NOT
BE MORE THAN.
1,000 METERS

IN SECONDARY
CONTROL
TRIANGULATION,
STATION DISTANCE
SHOULD NOT EXCEED.
1,000 METERS

IN ISOLATED SURVEY
REFERENCE POINTS
FROM THE
DESIGNATED CORNER
1 OF THE TRACT
SHALL BE WITHIN BUT
NOT BEYOND.
2 KILOMETERS

IN PRIMARY CONTROL
TRIANGULATION,
STATION DISTANCE
SHOULD NOT EXCEED.
3 KILOMETERS

LOCATION
MONUMENTS SHALL BE
ESTABLISHED BY
PAIRS, AND PAIRS OF
LOCATION
MONUMENTS SHALL BE
SET AT AN INTERVAL
OF.
5-6 KILOMETERS

IN TERTIARY CONTROL,
THE WEIGHT OF STEEL
TAPE PER METER DOES
NOT EXCEED.
FIFTEEN THOUSANDTHS KILOGRAMS

REFERENCE POINTS NOT

EXISTING, TRACT TO BE
SURVEYED MAY BE TIED
PREVIOUSLY APPROVED
PATENTED/DECREED
SURVEY, PROVIDED SURVEY,
PROVIDED A COMMON POINT
CAN ESTABLISHED FROM AT
3LEAST.
CORNERS

WHEN A LOT CORNER IS

INACCESSIBLE, WITNESS
MONUMENTS TO DEFINE ITS
POSITION BE PLACED AS
NEAR AS POSSIBLE TO THE
INACCESSIBLE CORNER OF
AT LEAST.
2 MONUMENTS

W HEN PRIMARY CONTROL

CONSIST OF ONE TRAVERSE
CIRCUIT ALONG THE
PERIMETER OF THE PROJECT,
TO CHECKED CARRIED
AZIMUTH AN
ASTRONOMICAL
OBSERVATIONS SHALL BE
MADE AT EVERY.
20-25 STATIONS

TO CHECK YOUR CARRIED

AZIMUTH IN A
SECONDARY CONTROL
TRAVERSE,
ASTRONOMICAL
OBSERVATION BE TAKEN.
25-35 STATIONS

NUMBER OF STATION
BETWEEN AZIMUTH
CHECKS IN PRIMARY
CONTROL TRAVERSE, BY
ASTRONOMICAL
OBSERVATION, NOT TO
EXCEED.
25 STATIONS

NUMBER OF STATION
BETWEEN AZIMUTH
CHECKS IN SECONDARY
CONTROL TRAVERSE BY
ASTRONOMICAL
OBSERVATION, NOT TO
EXCEED.
35 STATIONS

IN CIRCUIT AND LOOPS

TRAVERSE OF TERTIARY
CONTROL,
ASTRONOMICAL
OBSERVATION FOR
AZIMUTH SHALL BE MADE
AT INTERVALS OF NOT
MORE THAN
50 STATIONS

NUMBERS OF STATION
BETWEEN AZIMUTH
CHECKS IN TERTIARY
CONTROL TRAVERSE, BY
ASTRONOMICAL
OBSERVATION SHALL NOT
EXCEED.
50 STATIONS

GRID AZIMUTH
DERIVED FROM
ESTABLISHED
GEODETIC CONTROL
POINTS WITHIN OR
NEAR THE CADASTRAL
PROJECT OF AT LEAST.
2

WHEN SCHEME OF
QUADRILATERALS IN
USED IN A CONTROL,
THERE MUST BE A
MEASURED BASE LINE
OF AT LEAST.
2

IN ISOLATED SURVEY
PLAN, THE
HORIZONTAL AND
VERTICAL CENTER
LINES COORDINATE
SHALL BE VISIBLE BY.
5

FOR SECONDARY
CONTROL TRAVERSE,
HOW MANY
ASTRONOMICAL
OBSERVATION BE
TAKEN IN EVERY
DESIRED STATION.
AT LEAST TWO SERIES OF TWO SETS EACH

IN TERTIARY CONTROL
TRAVERSE ERROR
AFTER AZIMUTH
ADJUSTMENT, SHOULD
NOT BE GREATER
THAN
ONE PART IS TO FIVE THOUSAND

THE RELATIVE ERROR

OF CLOSURE FOR
TERTIARY TRAVERSE
SHALL NOT BE
GREATER THAN ONE
PART IN
FIVE THOUSAND OF PERIMETER

THE RELATIVE ERROR

OF CLOSURE FOR
SECONDARY TRAVERSE
SHALL NOT BE
GREATER THAN ONE
PART IN
TEN THOUSAND OF PERIMETER

LOT DATA COMPUTATION

SHEETS ARE PLAINLY
MARKED WITH THEIR
RESPECTIVE LOT
NUMBERS AND BOUND IN
CONSECUTIVE ORDER IN
BOOKS NOT MORE THAN
100 LOTS

LOT DATA COMPUTATION

SHEETS ARE PLAINLY
MARKED WITH THEIR
RESPECTIVE LOT
NUMBERS AND BOUND IN
CONSECUTIVE ORDER IN
BOOKS NOT MORE THAN
100 LOTS

IN PRIMARY CONTROL
MEASUREMENT, THE
SUM OF THE INTERIOR
ANGLES OF A
POLYGON SHALL BE
EQUAL TO
NUMBERS OF LINES IN THE CIRCUIT LESS 2
MULTIPLIES 180 DEGREES

EXCEPT WHEN THE

BOUNDARY PASSES
THROUGH FOREST LANDS,
MUNICIPAL BOUNDARY
MONUMENTS SHALL BE
ESTABLISHED ALONG
STRAIGHT MUNICIPAL
BOUNDARIES AT INTERVAL
OF
NOT MORE THAN 1 KM

PROVINCIAL BASE
MAPS SHALL
COMPRISE AREAS
WITHIN SPHEROIDAL
QUADRANGLES OF
1 DEGREE & 30 MINUTES OF LAT & 1 DEGREE
LONG

IN PRIMARY CONTROL
TRIANGULATION,
STATIONS ANGULAR
OBSERVATION BE
MADE WITH ONE SEC
THEODOLITE
AT LEAST 2

THE QUALITY OF
CONTROL TO BE USED
FOR LAND SURVEY
PROJECT WITH AN
AREA 1,500 HECTARE
IS
SECONDARY CONTROL

IN SECONDARY
CONTROL TRAVERSE,
THE AZIMUTH ERROR
OF CLOSURE DIVIDED
BY 15, THE QUOTIENT
REPRESENTS THE
NUMBER OF 15 UNITS

IN DIFFERENTIAL
LEVELING, THE
ELEVATION OF A
TURNING POINT IS
SUBTRACTING THE F.S. FRO H.I.

POLARIS OBSERVATION
AT UPPER
CULMINATION, THE
LATITUDE OF PLACE OF
OBSERVATION EQUALS
MAXIMUM VERTICAL ANGLE MINUS POLARIS
POLAR DISTANCE

TERM USED TO
DESIGNATE THAT ADJUST
VALUE WHICH,
ACCORDING TO
PRINCIPLE OF LEAST
SQUARE, HAS MORE
CHANCES BEING
CORRECT THAN HAS ANY
MOST PROBABLE VALUE

A TRAVERSE WHICH
CLOSES TO THE POINT
OF ORIGIN IS KNOWN
AS
CIRCUIT TRAVERSE

TRAVERSE STARTING
FROM A STATION AND
CLOSING INTO
ANOTHER STATION OF
THE SAME OR
ANOTHER TRAVERSE
SHALL BE KNOWN AS
LOOP TRAVERSE

REGISTERED LAND
WHERE IS A CERTAIN
PERCENTAGE OF THE
LAND AREA ARE
ALLOCATED FOR STREET,
PASSAGEWAY, OR OPEN
SPACES IS DELINEATED
COMPLEX
SUBDIVISION
ON THE
PLAN.

THE LAND OWNERS

SIGNATURE OF
CONFORMITY ON THE
SURVEY PLAN SHALL
APPLY TO
SIMPLE SUBDIVISION

IT IS A MAP SHOWING
CONVENTIONAL
SYMBOLS THE
CULTURE, DRAINAGE,
RELIEF, AND
VEGETATION FEATURES
OF PARTS OF THE
EARTHS
SURFACE.
TOPOGRAPHIC
MAP

IT IS A MAP SHOWING
EXTENT, OWNERSHIP,
VALUE OF LAND.
CADASTRAL MAP

TO SHOW PARCELS WHICH

SHALL BE TOO BIG ON
STANDARD CADASTRAL
MAPS CONSISTING 4 OR 16
MAPS SHALL BE DRAWN AS A
SINGLE SHEET OF THE SAME
MATERIAL AND SIZE IS
SCALE OF 1:8000 OR
1:16,000 IS KNOWN AS
CONTIGUOUS CADASTRAL MAP

A MAP PREPARED IN A
SCALE 1:4000 IN
WHICH HOMESTEAD,
PSU AND OTHER
ISOLATED SURVEY ARE
PLOTTED WITHIN SAME
MUNICIPALITY.
PROJECTION MAP

OF FIGURE CAN BE
EVALUATED
QUANTITATIVELY IN
TERMS OF FACTOR R
BASED ON THE THEORY
OF PROBABILITY, LOWER
THE VALUE OF R, THE
ISFIGURE
STRONGER

OF FIGURE CAN BE
EVALUATED
QUANTITATIVELY IN
TERMS OF FACTOR R
BASED ON THE THEORY
OF PROBABILITY, HIGHER
THE VALUE OF R, THE
IS WEAKER
FIGURE

IN TRIANGULATION
FOR SECONDARY
CONTROL, THE
PROBABLE ERROR
NO TO EXCEED
AS REQUIRED

STANDARD ACCURACY
FOR CONVENTIONAL
SURVEYING INSTRUMENT.
IN TRIANGULATION FOR
PRIMARY CONTROL, THE
PROBABLE ERROR NO TO
EXCEED
1:40,000

IN TRIANGULATION
FOR PRIMARY
CONTROL, THE
CHECK ON BASE
NOT TO EXCEED
1:20,000

IN TRIANGULATION
FOR SECONDARY
CONTROL, THE
CHECK ON BASE
NOT TO EXCEED
1:10,000

IN TRIANGULATION
FOR TERTIARY
CONTROL, THE
CHECK ON BASE
NOT TO EXCEED
1:50,000

POLARIS IS AT
EASTERN
ELONGATION, WHEN
THE HORIZONTAL
ANGLE IS.
MAXIMUM

THE TRIANGLE
FORMED BY THE
SUN, ZENITH AND
NORTH CELESTIAL
POLE IN THE
CELESTIAL SPHERE
IS
CALLED.
ASTRONOMICAL TRIANGLE

NPD CORRECTION IN
AFTERNOON SOLAR
OBSERVATION IN THE
HOURLY VARIATION
MULTIPLIED BY THE
DIFFERENCE IN HOURS
FROM 2:00 P. M., IS
THE TOTAL DIFFERENCE

FROM DECEMBER 22
TO JUNE 22, THE
NORTH POLAR
DISTANCE OF THE
SUN
DECREASE

THE ASTRONOMICAL
AZIMUTH DETERMINED
AT SECONDARY STATIONS
AFTER CORRECTION FOR
CONVERGENCY SHALL
CONFORM WITH THE
CARRIED AZIMUTH TO.
WITHIN 30 OF ARC

BECAUSE THE
APPARENT PATH OF
THE SUN IS INCLINED
TO THE EQUATOR, IT
CONTINUALLY
CHANGES DISTANCE
FROM THE
NORTH POLAR

CONVERGENCY
CORRECTION SHALL
BE ADDED TO THE
ASTRONOMICAL
AZIMUTH FOR.
POINTS NORTH OF CENTRAL MERIDIAN

THE TIME OBTAINED

BY OBSERVATION OF
THE SUN IS.
LOCAL MEAN TIME

CONVERGENCY
CORRECTION SHALL
BE SUBTRACTED TO
THE ASTRONOMICAL
AZIMUTH FOR
POINTS.
EAST OF CENTRAL MERIDIAN

IT IS THE ANGULAR
DISTANCE FORMED BY
INTERSECTION OF THE
CELESTIAL EQUATOR
AND CELESTIAL
MERIDIAN OF
OBSERVER TO THE
ZENITH.
LATITUDE
OF THE OBSERVER

POLAR DISTANCE OF
OBSERVATION FROM JUNE
22 TO DECEMBER 22,
DISTANCE IS THE NPD
TAKEN FROM THE
ALMANAC AND THE
TOTAL DIFFERENCE
ADDED
(CORRECTION)
IS.

POLARIS OBSERVATION
AT EASTERN
ELONGATION, WHEN
THE MARK IS TO THE
RIGHT OF THE STAR,
THE TRUE AZIMUTH
STATION TO MARK
180+BEARING OF
STAR+(360-OBSERVED HA)
EQUAL

ANY CELESTIAL BODY,

REAL R IMAGINARY
APPARENTLY CROSSES
THE LOWER BRANCH
OF THE MERIDIAN, IT IS
SAID TO BE AT
LOWER TRANSIT

POLARIS OBSERVATION
AT UPPER
CULMINATION, WHEN
THE MARK IS ON THE
RIGHT SIDE OF STAR,
THE TRUE AZIMUTH
STATION OCCUPIED TO
MARK EQUALHA)
180+(360-OBSERVED

A METHOD OF CONTOUR
LINE INTERPOLATION IN
WHICH THE LINE IS
MENTALLY TRACED BY
MOVING CLOCKWISE
OBSERVING THAT IT WILL
JOIN ONLY ALL POINTS OF
SAME ELEVATION UNTIL IT
CLOSES UPON ITSELF BY.
INSPECTION METHOD

IT IS A METHOD OF
DETERMINING
DIFFERENCE IN
ELEVATION
INDIRECTLY
TRIGONOMETRIC LEVELING

IN DIFFERENTIAL
LEVELING, THE
VERTICAL DISTANCE
FROM DATUM TO
THE LINE OF SIGHT
OF THE TELESCOPE
IS.
HEIGHT OF INSTRUMENT

A CIRCULAR CURVE,
IT IS A STRAIGHT
LINE DISTANCE
CONNECTING THE
POINT OF
CURVATURE TO THE
POINT
OF
LONG CHORD

WHEN THE DISTANCE

BETWEEN TWO POINTS
EXCEEDS THE MAXIMUM
LENGTH OF SIGHT OR THE
INSTRUMENT CANT BE SET
UP BETWEEN THE POINT TO
KEEP THE BACKSIGHT AND
FORESIGHT EQUIDISTANT,
WE USE.
RECIPROCAL LEVELING

A DOUBLE RODDED
LINE OF LEVEL
MEANS A LINE RUN
USING TWO
TURNING POINT FOR
EACH.
SET-UP OF THE INSTRUMENT

THE VERTICAL
DISTANCE ABOVE OR
BELOW MEANS SEA
LEVEL OR ANY
OTHER SELECTED.
DATUM ELEVATION

IN LEVELING, A
DOUBLE RODDED
LINE OF LEVEL
MEANS A LINE IS
USING HIGH AND LOW TURNING POINT FOR
EACH SET UP OF INSTRUMENTS

THE SLOPE OR RATE

OF ASCENT OR
DESCENT IS
GRADE OF LINE

IT IS A MAP
SHOWING EXTENTS,
OWNERSHIP, VALUE
OF THE LAND.
CADASTRAL MAP

IT IS A
STEREOSCOPIC
INSTRUMENTS FOR
MEASURING
PARALLAX.
STEREOCOMPARATOR

IT IS THE DISPLACEMENT
OF THE IMAGE OF
OBJECTS WITH RESPECT
TO OTHER OBJECTS DUE
TO DIFFERENCE IN THEIR
RESPECTIVE DISTANCES
FROM THE OBSERVER.
PARALLAX

THE SECONDARY
CONTROL STATION
SHALL BE DEFINED
BY CONCRETE
MONUMENTS OF
NOT LESS THAN
10 CM DIAMETER AND 50 CM IN LENGTH

AS DETERMINED BY THE
DISTRICT ENGINEER ON
PORTION OF LOTS
CLAIMED AS PRIVATE
PROPERTY BUT FALLING
WITHIN THE RIGHT-OFWAY OF ROAD, IT SHALL
BE
NUMBERED AS A SEPARATE LOT

A ROD COMMONLY
USED IN LEVELING,
AND A TARGET AND
SELF READING ROD,
IS CALLED.
PHILADELPHIA ROD

THE DIFFERENCE
BETWEEN EACH OF
INDIVIDUAL
MEASUREMENT AND
THE MEAN VALUE OF
MEASUREMENTS IS.
DEVIATION

THE ROD CAN BE

CHECK IF IT IS
VERTICALLY HELD
OVER THE POINT BY
USING THE
HORIZONTAL CROSSHAIR OF THE.
TELESCOPE & VERTICAL CLAMP TANGENT
SCREW

ERRORS DUE TO THE

LIMITATIONS OF
HUMAN SENSES O
SIGHT OR TOUCH IS.
PERSONAL ERROR

CROSS-HAIR OF THE
TELESCOPE APPEARS
TO MOVE WITH
RESPECT TO THE
OBJECT BEING
SIGHTED IS DUE TO
EFFECT OF PARALLAX
THE.

THE VERNIER OF AN
ENGINEERS TRANSIT
BE SET TO 0O0000
READING, WITH THE
USE OF.
UPPER CLAMP TANGENT SCREW

ERRORS DUE TO A
COMBINATION OF
CAUSES BEYOND THE
ABILITY OF THE
OBSERVER TO CONTROL
AND FOR WHICH IT IS
IMPOSSIBLE TO MAKE
CORRECTION.
ACCIDENTAL ERROR

IN FIGURE
ADJUSTMENT, THAT IN
ANY TRIANGLE THE
SINES OF THE ANGLES
ARE PROPORTIONAL
TO THE LENGTHS OF
THE SIDES OPPOSITE
IS. CONDITION
TRIGONOMETRIC

IS A MATHEMATICAL TERM
USED TO DESIGNATE THAT
ADJUSTED VALUE, WHICH,
ACCORDING TO PRINCIPLE
OF LEAST SQUARES, HAS
MORE CHANCES OF BEING
CORRECT THAN HAS ANY
OTHER.
MOST PROBABLE VALUE

WHEN THE PROBABLE

ERROR OF THE
ASTRONOMICAL
OBSERVATION IS MORE
THAN THE ALLOWABLE
LIMIT, THE AZIMUTH
HAVING RESIDUAL
GREATER
THAN
10 FROM THE MEAN SHALL BE REJECTED

ABOUT PARCELS OF LAND

CONSISTING OF A SPATIAL
REFERENCE AND THE
RELATED INFORMATION ON
THE AREA,
OWNERSHIP/CLAIMS, VALUE
AND USE OF LAND
PRIMARILY FOR TAXATION
PURPOSES.
CADASTRE

THE ESTABLISHMENT
OF THE PERMANENT
FOREST LAND AND
PROTECTED AREA
BOUNDARIES BY
CONDUCTING ACTUAL
GROUND SURVEY.
DELINEATION SURVEY

IT IS THE STANDARD
GENERIC TERM FOR
SATELLITE NAVIGATION
SYSTEMS THAT PROVIDED
AUTONOMOUS GEOSPATIAL POSITIONING
WITH GLOBAL
COVERAGE.
GNSS

THE DESCRIPTION OF LAND

PARCEL WITH ITS BOUNDARY
DIRECTIONS AND
DISTANCES, TOGETHER
WITH A NOTE OF ADJACENT
PROPERTY OWNERS, THEIR
LOT NUMBERS, AND OTHER
RELEVANT NATURAL AND
MAN-MADE FEATURES.
METES AND BOUNDS

DEEDS AND OTHER

DOCUMENTARY
EVIDENCE OF TITLE
OR OWNERSHIP TO
LAND.
MUNIMENTS OF TITLES

DOCUMENT RECORDING THE

BOUNDARY ADJUDICATION
AGREEMENT BY ALL CONCERNED
AND PARTICIPATING CLAIMANTS
OR OWNERS, IN COLLABORATION
WITH THE GEODETIC ENGINEER, A
BARANGAY OFFICIAL AND
ADJUDICATOR, INDICATING AND
DESCRIBING BOUNDARIES.
PARCEL INFORMATION SHEET

PROPERTIES OWNED BY
THE STATE BUT ARE NOT
INTENDED FOR PUBLIC
USE, PUBLIC SERVICE OR
FOR THE DEVELOPMENT
OF NATIONAL WEALTH.
PATRIMONIAL PROPERTY

IS A TWODIMENSIONAL MAP
SHOWING THE METES
AND BOUNDS OF A
SURVEYED PARCEL OF
LAND AND OTHER
PERTINENT
INFORMATION.
SURVEY PLAN

THE COLLECTIVE
DOCUMENTS SUBMITTED
BY A GEODETIC
ENGINEER AS A RESULT
OF THE SURVEY
CONDUCTED AND OTHER
RELEVANT DOCUMENTS
AS MAY BE REQUIRED.
SURVEY RETURNS

THE NUMBER
EXCLUSIVELY
ASSIGNED TO A LAND
PARCEL IN REFERENCE
TO ITS PHYSICAL
SPATIAL POSITION IN
THE LAND
INFORMATION
MAP.
UNIQUE PARCEL IDENTIFIER

TO DETERMINE THE
HORIZONTAL AND
VERTICAL POSITION OF
POINTS WHICH WILL
FORM PART OF GEODETIC
NETWORK OR PROJECT
CONTROLS OVER AN
CONTROL
SURVEYS
AREA.

COVERING EXTENSIVE
AREAS WHICH TAKE INTO
ACCOUNT THE CURVATURE
AND GEOID-SPHEROID
SHAPE OF THE EARTH AT
SEA LEVEL FOR THE
PURPOSE OF ESTABLISHING
BASIC NETWORK OF
REFERENCE
POINT.
GEODETIC
CONTROL
SURVEYS