Pengumpulan data

(Collection of Data)
GSA 1072
Ting Hua Jian

Frequency
distributio
n

Collection of
Data
Ungrouped
data

Grouped
data

Frequency distribution
What is
frequency?

Frequency is how often

something occurs.

Example: Sam played football on

Saturday Morning,
Saturday Afternoon,
Thursday Afternoon.
The frequency was 2 on Saturday, 1 on Thursday and 3 for the whole week.

 By counting frequencies we can make a Frequency

Distribution table.

Example 1 : Goals
Sam's team has scored the following numbers of goals in
recent games:
2, 3, 1, 2, 1, 3, 2, 3, 4, 5, 4, 2, 2, 3

 Sam put the numbers in order, then added up:

From the table we can conclude:

getting 2 goals happens most
often
only once did they get 5 goals
during football match.

And wrote them down as a Frequency Distribution table.

Example 2 : Newspapers
These are the numbers of newspapers sold at a local shop
over the last 10 days:

22, 20, 18, 23, 20, 25, 22, 20, 18, 20

Let us count how many of each number there is:

Data of sold newspaper over last 10 days :

22, 20, 18, 23, 20, 25, 22, 20, 18, 20

Newspapers
Sold

Frequency

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

Papers
Sold

Frequency

15-19

20-24
25-29

7
1

Grouped data

Mean

Median

Mode is the
value that have
highest
frequency

Mean is the
data of an
average value

Median is the
middle of a sorted
list of numbers.

 1. Mean from Grouped Data

Example : Mathematices result scored by 21 pupil in class 2C.

Score
51-55
56-60
61-65
66-70

Frequency
2
7
8
4

The groups (51-55, 56-60, etc), also called class intervals, are of
width 5
The midpoints are in the middle of each class: 53, 58, 63 and 68

 Technique of find midpoint,

50+55 divide by 2 = 53

Midpoint

Frequency

53

58

63

68

 By using the formula,

Midpoint
x

Frequency
f

Midpoint
Frequency
fx

53

106

58

406

63

504

68

272

Totals:

21

1288

Estimate
d Mean=

1288
21

=61.333.
..

 2. Median from the grouped data.

Let us look at the data again,
Score

Frequency

Total frequency

51 - 55

56 - 60

61 - 65

17

66 - 70

21

Median
class/group

The median is the middle value, which in our case is the 11th
one, which is in the 61 - 65 group:
We can say "the median group is 61 - 65"

 Formula that calculate the median of the grouped data,

m = median
L = Lower boundary of median class
N = Number of data
F = Total frequency before median class
fm = frequency in median class
c = Class size = (Upper boundary lower boundary)

Upper
boundary is
55 or 60,
and lower
boundary is
50 or 55,
And we get
5.

 Solution,
L = 60.5
n = 21
F=9
Fm = 8
c=5

Estimated Median = 60.5 + (21/2) 98 5

= 61.4375
= 61.44

Mean
Ungrouped data
Median

1. Mean from Ungrouped Data.

Example :
. Find the mean for the set of data 3, 7, 5, 13, and 2.
Solution,
Mean =

37+5+
13 -2
5

12
5

= 2.4

2. Median from Ungrouped Data.

Example :
3, 13, 7, 5, 21, 23, 23, 40, 23, 14, 12, 56, 23, 29
Put those numbers in order we have:

3, 5, 7, 12, 13, 14, 21, 23, 23, 23, 23, 29, 40, 56
Solution,

21 + 23 = 44
then 44 2 = 22
So the Median in this example is 22.