Study of Solidifation Prosess of

Casting Prosess

Submitted to: Dr. Satpal Sharma Sir

Submitted by: Naresh kumar

13/ime/031

Manufacturing, Engineering & Technology, Fifth Edition, by Serope Kalpakjian and Steven R. Schmid.
ISBN 0-13-148965-8. 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.

Casting

Casting is a manufacturing process in

which a liquid material is usually poured
into a mold, which contains a hollow cavity
of the desired shape, and then allowed to
solidify. The solidified part is also known as
a casting, which is ejected or broken out of
the mold to complete the process.

Manufacturing, Engineering & Technology, Fifth Edition, by Serope Kalpakjian and Steven R. Schmid.
ISBN 0-13-148965-8. 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.

Manufacturing, Engineering & Technology, Fifth Edition, by Serope Kalpakjian and Steven R. Schmid.
ISBN 0-13-148965-8. 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.

INTRODUCTION

solidification ?

solidification, is a phase transition in which

a liquid turns into
a solid when its temperature is lowered below its freezing point.

Why to study in detail ?

The solidification of metals and their alloys is important in various

industrial process

Most of the components produced from metals are by

process.
Manufacturing, Engineering & Technology, Fifth Edition, by Serope Kalpakjian and Steven R. Schmid.
ISBN 0-13-148965-8. 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.

casting

Manufacturing, Engineering & Technology, Fifth Edition, by Serope Kalpakjian and Steven R. Schmid.
ISBN 0-13-148965-8. 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.

Solidification of Pure Metals

Figure 10.1 (a) Temperature as a function of time for the solidification of pure metals. Note
that the freezing takes place at a constant temperature. (b) Density as a function of time
Manufacturing, Engineering & Technology, Fifth Edition, by Serope Kalpakjian and Steven R. Schmid.
ISBN 0-13-148965-8. 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.

Alloys

Manufacturing, Engineering & Technology, Fifth Edition, by Serope Kalpakjian and Steven R. Schmid.
ISBN 0-13-148965-8. 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.

SOLIDIFICATION DEFECTS
Shrinkage :
Most materials contract or shrink during solidification and cooling.
Shrinkage is the result of:
Contraction of the liquid as it cools prior to its solidification
Contraction during phase change from a liquid to solid
Contraction of the solid as it continues to cool to ambient temperature.
Shrinkage can sometimes cause cracking to occur in component as it
solidifies.
Gas porosity :
Many metals dissolves a large quantity of gas when they are liquid(Sieverts
Law).
However when metal solidify they retain only a small part of the gas. But
these
form bubbles trapped in the solid metal producing gas porosity.

Manufacturing, Engineering & Technology, Fifth Edition, by Serope Kalpakjian and Steven R. Schmid.
ISBN 0-13-148965-8. 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.