Prepared By :

Palash Shah.

Internal Guide : Prof. K.B.Sheth

External Guide : Dr.D.J.Shah

CONTENTS

Introduction

Platform: Linux

Embedded C

C programming for embedded system

Microcontroller 8051 & its interfacing

Implementation

Testing

Introduction

Now a days congestion in traffic is a serious issue. The traffic

congestion can also be caused by large Red light de-lays, etc.

The delay of respective light is hard coded in the traffic light and it
is not dependent on traffic. Therefore for simulating and optimizing
traffic control to better accommodate this increasing demand is
arises. Thus we propose multiple traffic light control and
monitoring system.

The system contains IR transmitter and IR receiver which are

mounted on the either sides of roads respectively.

Microcontroller also store vehicles count in its memory.

Based on different vehicles count, the microcontroller takes

decision and updates the traffic light delays as a result. The traffic
light is situated at a certain distance from the IR system.

The system records vehicle count in its memory at user predefined

recording interval on real time basis.

In this project, tries to reduce possibilities of traffic jams, caused by

traffic lights, to an extent. The system is based on microcontroller.

The IR system gets activated whenever any vehicle passes on road

between IR transmitter and IR receiver. Microcontroller controls the
IR system and counts number of vehicles passing on road.

Block Diagram

Complication is the fact that flow of traffic constantly changes,depending

on the time of day, the day of the week,and the time of year.

We propose two approaches,the first approach to take data/input/image

form object/subject/vehicle and in second approach to process the input
data by computer and microcontroller & finally display it on the traffic
light signal to control the close loop system.

Even if any emergency vehicle detect by sensor then give path to give
these vehicle and set traffic system as it is. so traffic problem is easily
solved by using intelligent traffic monitoring system.

Platform: Linux

Linux was originally developed as a free operating system for Intel

x86-based personal computers. It has since been ported to more
computer hardware platforms than any other operating system.

Due to its low cost & ease of customization, Linux is often used in
embedded systems.

Linux is also used in stage lighting control systems.

Embedded C

Embedded C is a set of language extensions for the C Programming

language by the C Standards committee to address commonality
issues that exist between C extensions for different embedded
systems.

Embedded C uses most of the syntax and semantics of standard C,

e.g., main() function, variable definition, data type declaration,
conditional statements, loops, functions, array &strings, bit
operations, etc.

It is small & reasonably simpler to learn , understand , program and

debug.

C Programming for embedded systems

First provides a derivative-specific header file for each

microcontroller, which defines memory addresses and symbolic
labels for CPU and peripheral function register addresses.

Then Compile the program & after compiling process is done, The
HEX files generated and open the tool flash magic.

Then code memory click on start & load hex code in your chip.

In-system Programmer GUI

Microcontroller 8051 & its Interfacing

The 8051 is designed around P89V51RD2 from NXP

semiconductors. the kit works on a 5 volt Dc power.

The on board push-to-on switch is used to power the bored with

LED indication. the reset switch is used to reset the board.

Microcontroller receives the 11.0592MHz from the crystal

oscillator at XTAL1 and XTAL2 pin.

Reset switch connected at pin 9 of micro-controller provide manual

reset of the microcontroller.

ASK-25 Board
The general purpose I/O interfacing Board is a generic board which focuses
on the interfacing of different input and out devices to microcontroller.
The board is populated with variety of devices like LED, Key, Relay, LCD,
Signal conditioning circuit for ADC, DC motor interface, Stepper Motor
interface, I2C EEROM, SPI EEPROM, 2x2 Matrix Key board etc. A variety of
fundamental issues performing to microcontroller architecture can be studied
using this card.
The board can be used effectively to learn issues like port handling, timers,
counters, interrupts, on-off controls and switching mechanisms. Easy interface
with wide variety of microcontroller board makes this board as an essential lab
resource.

Features
16x2 character LCD
2 digit 7-segment display
4 switch interface
2x2 Matrix keyboard
8 surface mount LEDs
EEPROM for I2C communication
EEPROM for SPI communication
Bipolar Stepper motor interface
DC motor interface
Relay output

Interfacing 16x2 LCD modules to 8051

The circuit diagram given shows how to interface a 162 LCD module with AT89S1
microcontroller.
Capacitor C3, resistor R3 and push button switch S1 forms the reset circuitry. Ceramic
capacitors C1, C2 and crystal X1 is related to the clock circuitry which produces the
system clock frequency
. P1.0 to P1.7 pins of the microcontroller is connected to the DB0 to DB7 pins of the
module respectively and through this route the data goes to the LCD module.
P3.3, P3.4 and P3.5 are connected to the E, R/W, RS pins of the microcontroller and
through this route the control signals are transferred to the LCD module.
Resistor R1 limits the current through the back light LED and so do the back light
intensity.
POT R2 is used for adjusting the contrast of the display.

08/23/16

C Program

08/23/16

Interfacing 7 Segment Display to 8051

Circuit Components:
AT89C51 microcontroller
AT89C51 programming board
programming cable
12V DC battery or adaptor
Common cathode 7 segment Display
Resistors 10k, 330 ohm
2 Ceramic capacitors 33pF
12 MHz crystal

08/23/16

C Program

08/23/16

Thank you