Tutorial

"Dense Wavelength Division Multiplex

(DWDM) in simple words"
IP Transport Connectivity Solutions
Portfolio of IPT Business Line DWDM
Dense Wavelenght Division Multiplex
SSM IPT
Global Solution Sales
August, 2008

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Business is becoming complex- Carriers look for

help to transform their business and networks
100-fold capacity increase and
inability of their networks to
cope with the increase
IPT offers Capacity Solutions

huge wave of new packetbased services and inability

of their networks to handle
packet traffic to a large scale
IPT offers
Transform
E2E Packet Solutions
the networks
with IPT
solutions

The Flat-Rate-Trap - need to

offer new services to stop
churn, new services demand
investment but ARPU stays flat
IPT offers efficient MLO-networks
for lowest complexity and TCO

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still a lot of TDM, ATM

around - no converged
networks available to ensure
best-in-class TCO
IPT offers network migration
and convergence to all-IP

How to provide efficient and competitive connectivity for

the ever increasing number of service and capacity ?
Mobile
Broadband
UMTS
HSPA

Connectivity Domain

What to do ???
exploding traffic demands

SGSN
Any
Softswitch

... network capacity limitations

Voice
Leased Lines,
Virtual Private
Networks

Radio Acess

Any Media
Gateway
Any Server,

Business
Services

or when expanding offerings into

... Carriers' Carrier services

IP TV
Video on
Demand

Fixed Access

Services

Fixed
Broadband

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including dataless
front end

Metropolitan services
... long-distance services

High-Speed
Internet

... congested links, fiber shortages

or when multiple services shall be

carried in one converged network
and service transpareny is required ...

VoIP
Application
Server
(generic)

MSC
Any Register or
Database

Service Core
Applications

DWDM is the technology of choice for 100-fold traffic

increase - Dense Wavelenght Division Multiplex
Mobile
Broadband

End-to-end Network Management

UMTS
HSPA

SGSN
Any
Softswitch

Connectivity
Voice
Leased Lines,
Virtual Private
Networks

Radio Acess

MWR

NG- Carrier
SDH Switches DWDM router

Business
Services

Any Media
Gateway
Any Server,
including dataless
front end
VoIP
Application

High-Speed
Internet

IP TV
Video on
Demand

Services

Mobile Backhaul
Multilayer Optimization
Fixed Access
Fixed
Broadband

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(generic)

MSC
Any Register or
Database

Carrier Ethernet Transport

IP Connectivity Solutions

Server

Service Core
Applications

Solving the Carriers' Connectivity Pain Points

Carriers' Expectations

Carriers' Pain Solver

transport capacity
TCO effciency
quality of service
service convergence
future-proof

Connectivity

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DWDM

Dense Wavelength Division

Multiplex

Benefit of DWDM : multiplexing of optical wavelenghts to

boost fiber capacity ("n x virtual fibers" on 1 existing fiber)
Standard way of transmitting signals over optical fibers
Transmitter

1 = 1550nm

1 = 1550nm

Receiver

one wavelength on one fiber

typical capacity 2.5G - 10G per wavelenght and fiber

Laser at 1550nm

DWDM equipment enables transmission of multiple wavelengths over 1 fiber

1 = 1530nm

79 = 1550nm
80 = 1559nm

many different wavelengths on one

single fiber

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2 = 1531nm

...

...

2 = 1531nm

1 = 1530nm

up to 80 per fiber, each

carrying up to 40Gb/s
-> multiplicator of capacity

79 = 1550nm

80 = 1559nm

Main functional blocks for building DWDM networks

Transponder

Optical Transmission Terminal OTT

1
2

each transponder transpond its client signal

(2.5/10/ 40G, Eth/IP and any other signal) onto
switch
a specific coloured laser wavelenght
the optical multiplexer combines all coloured
SDH
Optical Mux
Mux
wavelenghts into one aggregated optical
3
signal for the optical fiber
4
any Tx
optical transmission terminals (for both
OTT (Optical Transmission Terminal)
functions) are used at DWDM network edges
router

weak signal

amplified
signal

OLR
Optical Line Repeater

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Optical Line Repeater (OLR)

OLRs amplify weak signals on all wavelengths
signals become weak due to transmission effects
(attenuation reducing signal amplitude, dispersion
reducing signal shape)
OLRs work purely optical w/o need for costly
opto-electric conversion
OLR are used between OTTs, OADMs and PXCs

Add/Drop functions allow for flexible build of

scalable networks
Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer OADM

OADMs can access each individual of the main

stream and can drop the signal of a specific
(e.g. local termination or change of direction)
drops red to
adds pink from
other direction
a new client
OADMs can add individual s to the main stream
(e.g. new client or new signal from other direction)
(R)OADM
OADMs are used inside DWDM networks to build
(Remotely-configurable
DWDM chains, rings and meshes
Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer)
OADMs re-configurable by NMS are ROADMs

Photonic Cross-Connect PXC

PXC switches optical wavelenghts from any port to
any port
PXCs work in the optical domain, no costly optoelectrical conversion of signals required
PXCs are used to build meshed DWDM networks
Photonic Cross-Connect PXC
(e.g. 6-degree node)
8

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PXCs are also called multi-degree nodes (e.g. 6

fibers connected = 6-degree node)

Flexible networks are composed of pure optical,

transparent, fully-meshed DWDM networks
amplifes light
for long reach

up to 80 wavelengths
each up to 40Gb/s
OLR

OADM

PXC

Transponder

adapts signals to
WDM-suitable format
accept any service,
protocol and bitrate

PXC
NMS

switches
between several
optical fibers

OTT

OADM

adds/drops any
wavelenght by
remote OAM

continue to utilize existing network deployment (equiment and optical fibers)

upgrade the congested parts of the connectivity cloud with DWDM, i.e. insert DWDM
gear between existing equipment and optical fibers
target for a fully-meshed pure optical transparent DWDM network for the sake of
least TCO and future flexibility (scale, expansion, coverage, ...)
9

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OAM in pure optical networks is realized with

carrier grade network management system
FCAPS functions
- Fault
- Configuration
- Accounting
- Performance
- Security

achieved by

TNMS TransNet

- OAM functions in DWDM overhead (G.709 standard, SDH-like)

- centralized Network Management System

best-in-class NMS System for DWDM :

- TNMS (complemented by TransNet optical network planning tool)

10

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DWDM requires professional planning and

dimensioning in order to make it work
Problem Statement
light travelling along fibers is subject to many effects deteriorating signal quality
- fiber attenuation
- chromatic and polarization mode dispersion
- 4wave mixing
- cross- and self-phase modulation
- stimulated Raman and Brillouin scattering
the effects become worse with increasing bitrate (less @ 2.5Gb/s, worst @ 40Gb/s)
the more wavelengths are being carried by a fiber the worse the effects can be
Solution to the Problem
professional planning and dimensioning for each and any DWDM deployment
during offering, ordering and project implementation phases
simulation of fiber behavior under wavelength and traffic load, begin-of-life and
end-of-life quality of the system (system performance warranty)
network design, topology, type and amount of DWDM equipment etc.
NSN has one of the best DWDM planning tools in the world - TransNet
11

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Relief of Capacity Shortage/Network Congestion

what to do if the network is already fully loaded and there are new traffic demands ?
Standard practice - adding new links
congested link

new traffic
demands

add new links

add new links (equipment and fibers)

reasonable solution if spare fibers are
available (however inefficient since
optical fiber potential is not exploited)
no solution if no spare fibers are available
(prohibitive cost to deploy new fibers !)

Best practice - switch to DWDM

formerly congested link

new traffic
demands
12

add
DWDM
equipment

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add DWDM equipment, connect all

services to it and utilize existing fiber
best solution possible since
- lowest investment (no new fibers) while
- congestion is relieved and
- existing fiber capacity is multiplied and
- can now carry virtually unlimited traffic

Cost-optimized Long-Distance Connectivity

how to achieve cost-optimized long-distance high-capacity backbone connectivity ?
o-e-o

Standard practice - chaining of transport equipment

---

City A

max. distance

optical transmission
electrical processing

---

City B

distance between nodes decreases with bitrate and becomes ineffective for e.g. 40G
o-e-o conversion in each node - costly and not really required for this task

Best practice - pure optical DWDM transmission

optical transmission
optical processing

3.000 km @ 10G
2.000 km @ 40G
OTT

max. distance

OLR

OTT

pure optical transmission, using (several) OLRs between Cities A and B

massive cost decrease due to less complex equipment (OLRs instead of o-e-o)
all other benefits of DWDM technology (capacity, transparency, ...)

13

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DWDM Use Cases - High-Capacity Long-Distance

Optical Backbone
B

< 80

A
10G

D
E

< 40G/
TDM/packet/any serv.

SDH

F
congested

D
E

< 3.2 Tb/s

free capacity

traditional backbone

DWDM backbone

SDH over optical fiber

up to 10Gb/s transmission speed

SDH over DWDM over optical fiber

single wavelength per fiber

congested links
capacity and distance limitations

14

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up to 80 x up to 40G per optical fiber

no congestions anymore, free capacity
for any new traffic, even for re-selling
full optical mesh for scalability and
flexibility (any new service from any to
any location)

DWDM Use Cases - IP/MPLS Core Router

Interconnection
A
A
D

SDH 2.5G

SDH 2.5G

SDH
2.5G

SDH
10G

D
SDH
10G

SDH
2.5G

transponderless
interworking w/
Juniper possible

10GE
on

C
B

10GE
on

B
40G on

40G not possible

without DWDM

with DWDM

expensive SDH router interfaces (2.5G still ok, 10G - prohibitive)

long distances between core routers
cannot be bridged easily
40G interfaces impossible to transport
over distances by standard methods

use of low-cost, short-range Ethernet

router interfaces
ability to transport upcoming 40G traffic

15

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over long distance

cost savings with transponder-less
JNP/NSN 40G IP-over-DWDM solution
DWDM links can be additionally used
for other traffic and services

DWDM Use Cases - Metro Multi-Service

Aggregation
Access

Metro

Edge

Access

Metro

Edge
A

X
data

data

traditional Metro

WDM-empowered Metro

mobile/fixed broadband multi-service

environment, business services
multi-service aggregation by NG-SDH
and Carrier Ethernet
booming traffic, optical fiber shortage
no possibility to offer data services

Case A : multi-service aggregation by

NG-SDH/Carrier Ethernet plus Metro
WDM for boosting fiber capacity
Case B : multi-service transport by native

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data services =

Metro WDM (1 service per , transparent,

point-to-point)
data services possible
e.g. storage area networking, data center backup, DVBA video ...

IPT's State-of-the-Art Multi-Reach DWDM Solution

TNMS
TransNet
NetAct C

SURPASS hiT 7300

scalable, flexible DWDM platform for pure optical,

transparent, fully-meshed DWDM networks

up to 80 wavelenghts per optical fiber

up to 40Gbit/s per wavelength (100Gb/s to come)
Multi-reach for metro, regional and long-haul
Multi-service transparency allowing any client
signal (e.g. SDH/SONET, Eth/IP, SAN/data,
OTH G.709 et. al.)

market-leading automation features cutting TCO

hiT 7300

planning, commissionig, provisioning, expansions

relieving network congestions, cutting cost of long distance transmission,

providing metro service transparency, offering automation for best-in-class TCO over 1.500 hiT7300 systems sold into 70 customer networks worldwide
17

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Network capacity upgrades with DWDM is one of

the fastest growing market segments
DWDM Market Figures
mio EUR
6.000

Metro WDM
Longhaul DWDM

CAGR 13%

Analysts' View on NSN (Infonetics)

#1 in long-haul ROADM w/ close to
50% market share

OCC)

4.000

#2 in long-haul DWDM with over 15%

market share

2.000

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

source: NSN

multi-reach, multi-service state-ofthe-art platform

traffic from broadband services

drives WDM into the metro

100-fold traffic increase, networks not in shape to cope with this demand and
NSN's market-leading position in DWDM are the basis for best business opportunities

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Sales Guide - How and when to sell DWDM ... (1)

Selling DWDM - boosting network capacity for 100-fold traffic increase
Sales Case 1
core or backbone network to
weak to handle 100-fold traffic
increase

Sales Case 2
IP/MPLS core network to weak
to handle IP traffic load for R.4,
HSPA, DSL and/or 40Gb/s

19

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sell the relief/upgrade of existing fiber plant with

DWDM equipment
up-sell to design a fully-meshed transparent
DWDM network on the existing fiber plant
- customer benefit : TCO-optimized, future-proof
- NSN benefit : more equipment, planning services
up-sell NG-SDH, Carrier Ethernet and IP routers
as traffic feeders into the DWDM network

up-sell into any IP/MPLS core network

offer DWDM to implement long-distance highcapacity links (up to 40G) carrying IP traffic
cross-sell into any Juniper core router network
sell pre-tested, integrated IP-over-DWDM solution
around hiT7300 & Juniper routers

Sales Guide - How and when to sell DWDM ... (2)

Selling DWDM - boosting network capacity for 100-fold traffic increase

Sales Case 3
Access or Metro network to
weak to handle broadband
traffic for video, high-speed
internet, peer-to-peer ...

sell DWDM as transparent platform carrying the

broadband traffic directly over the optical fibers
up-sell DWDM together with NG-SDH or Carrier
Ethernet (for aggregating the broadband traffic
before putting it onto the fibers)
sell the cost-optimized metro version of DWDM
equipment satisfying metro requirements

consult the customer about the potential for this

new business
new business model for add. RoI:
sell DWDM equipment for either backbone
- generate excess fiber capacity
(carriers' carrier application) or Metro (re-selling of
- re-sell fiber capacity to others or
fiber capacity)
- generate RoI as Carriers' Carrier
up-sell additional DWDM capacity in case where
customer buys DWDM in any case for congestion
relief

Sales Case 4

20

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Summary
DWDM solves the problems of
transport capacity

DWDM multiplies fiber capacity - up to 80x40Gb/s per fiber

cost effciency

DWDM boosts the performance of existing fiber plant

scalability

DWDM scales from Metro Access to Core, Regio and Long

Haul distances

service convergence

full transparency of optical wavelengths to carry any type of

service (voice, data, packet, IP, storage ...)

quality of service

SDH-like OAM for path, network and service resilience

future-proof

virtually no capacity limits, multi-service, multi-reach

Use DWDM for virtually unlimited capacity enhancements of existing fiber plants
Use DWDM for cost efficient high-capacity long distance transmission
Use DWDM in the Metro for high-capacity transparent multi-service aggregation

21

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Thank you for your attention!

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