Presentation Topic :Presented By :-

Power Plant Familiarization

CORE
JAVA
Anand Kumar (ME/13/710)

Contents

Introduction
Basic idea of electricity generation
Thermal Power Station
Elements of Thermal Power Station
Overview
Conclusion

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Introduction

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Panipat Thermal Power Station (PTPS) is an

existing 1367.7 MW coal-fired power station
owned by Haryana Power generation
corporation limited (HPGCL).
The power station is located at Panipat district,
Haryana, India.
Panipat thermal power station in Haryana
came into existence in the year 1979.
Coal is supplied from Jharia coal mines,
Dhanbad, Jharkhand.

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Introduction(contd.)

Coal is used as a primary main fuel for

generation of electricity. However light diesel oil
(LDO), heavy fuel oil (HFO) is used in power as
supplementary fuel under emergency conditions.
The equipments are supplied by BHEL, Bhopal.
There are total eight units in PTPS.
The ultimate aim to convert chemical energy of
coal or oil to electrical energy.
In India Thermal Power Plant generates 75.43%
of total power generation.

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Site selection for Thermal Power Station

Before installing any thermal power plant we have
to focus upon these points: Supply of water
Availability of coal
Transportation facilities
Cost and type of land
Nearness to load centers
Distance from populated area
Man power
Ash disposal
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Element of Thermal Power Station

Coal handling arrangement

Steam generating plant

Ash handling plant

Boiler
Super heater
Economiser
Air-preheater

Water system
Turbine
Generator
Condenser
Cooling Tower
Chimney
Switchyard
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How Electricity is produced at Thermal Power station:

Thermal power station burns fuel and uses

the resultant heat to raise the heat
temperature, which drive the turbo generator.
Coal is burnt in the pulverized form.
The pressure energy of the steam produced is
converted into mechanical energy with the
help of turbine.
The mechanical energy is fed to the generator
where a magnate rotating inside a set of
stator winding and thus electricity is produced.

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Coal Handling Arrangement

In the coal fired plant the raw materials are

coal and water. The coal brought to station by
train is unloaded with the help of wagon
tippler.

Wagon Tippler
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Coal Handling Arrangement

After unloading, the coal is send to the crusher house with

help of coal belts.
The coal which is now reduced to very small pieces, is
sent to coal hopper with the help of conveyer belts.

Conveyer belt
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Coal Handling Arrangement

The raw coal fed to the pulverized or the coal mills

through raw coal feeder. Raw coal feeder basically
regulate the raw coal to pulverize.
The pulverize coal is sent to the furnace with the help of
Forced draft fan through pulverized coal pipes. This coal
is now burnt.

FD fan
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Pulverized Mill
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Ash Handling Plant

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Some quantity of the coal results in ash when

the coal is burnt in a boiler furnace. The
function of ash handling plant is:
a) To remove the ash from the furnace.
b) To carry this ash to the storage through
conveyors.
c) To dispose the stored ash.

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Steam Generating Plant

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Steam generating plant consists of Boiler, Super heater,

Economiser and Air-preheater.
(a) Boiler:
The main function of the boiler is to produce steam by
utilizing the heat from combustion of coal which
converts water into steam at high temperature and
pressure. "A boiler may be defined as a closed vessel.
in which steam is produced from water by combustion of
fuel". This steam is then passed on to the super heater.

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Steam Generating Plant

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Boiler

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Steam Generating Plant

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(b) Super Heater:

The function of super heater is,
I. To remove the, traces of moisture from the
saturated steam given from the boiler.
II. To increase the temperature of steam above
saturation temperature. With this the overall
efficiency increases.
The steam outlet from the boiler is in wet form.
So the super heater is used to make the steam
towards 100% dry saturated steam.

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Steam Generating Plant

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Super heater

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Steam Generating Plant

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(c) Economiser:
The function of economiser is to:
I. Absorb the heat from outgoing flue gases
II. Increase the temperature of the feed water
coming from the condenser and gives the
heated water to the boiler. With this the
efficiency of boiler is raised and the fuel
consumption is also saved.

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Steam Generating Plant

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Economiser
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Steam Generating Plant

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(d) Air-preheater:
The function of the air-preheater is to recover
some of the heat from the flue gases. Therefore,
the air is passed through the preheater before it
is passed to the inlet of the forced draught fan
so that it gets preheated and with this
condensation of flue gases and corrosion of air
preheater is prevented. This increases the boiler
efficiency and air temperature.

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Steam Generating Plant

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Air-preheater
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Water system

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The water comes through the pipe lines in

thermal power plant .
In Panipat thermal power plant the source of
water is Satluj yamuna link canal.
At first the water is chlorified by the use of
chlorine in DM plant.
Then we make the water insulated and make it
for usual purpose and send it to boiler for further
purpose.

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Turbine

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A steam turbine is a device that extracts thermal

energy from pressurized steam and uses it to
do mechanical work on a rotating output shaft.
The turbine consists of three stages: high
pressure, low pressure and intermediate
pressure.

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Turbine

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The turbine consists of three stages- high

pressure, low pressure and intermediate
pressure. It has a shaft with a wheel mounted
with blades. Steam enters at 540c temp.

Turbine
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Generator

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The shaft is coupled with generator. The

generator converts possessed by rotating shaft
to electric energy by Faradays law held windings
are exerted by the power exciter.
Shaft of generator rotates at 3000 rpm. This
generator
produced 15.75KV electricity of
power.

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Condenser

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Condenser is a device which is used to convert a

substance from its gaseous to its liquid state.
The rest steam obtained from the exhaust is
condensed back in their water form for reuse
purpose.

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Cooling Tower

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Cooling towers are heat removal devices used to

remove the waste heat to the atmosphere.
Cooling towers either use the evaporation of water
to remove process heat and cool the working fluid.
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How water is cooled in a cooling tower

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Cooling tower is made to fall through a height of

15m in the path of water till its comes down
restriction at different elevation are made so that
the water till looses the heat to the air
surrounding it and itself gets cooled the hot air
goes up and the cold air enter from the bottom to
maintain the cycle.
The height of cooling tower is 140m.
It is made this types because hot air does not
pollute the surrounding atmosphere.

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Chimney

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A chimney is a structure for venting hot gases or

smoke from a boiler, furnace or fireplace to the
outside atmosphere.

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Switchyard

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A switch yard is a part of a distribution &

transmission system.
Switchyard transform voltage from high to low,
or the reverse, or perform any of several other
important functions.

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Overview: Thermal power plant

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Coal fired power plant diagram

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Overview: Thermal power plant

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Conclusion

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It is largest thermal power plant of Haryana

state.
It generates 1367.7 MW electricity in
comparison to other power plant of haryana.
Deen Bandhu Chhotu Ram Thermal Power
Project , Yamuna nagar 600 MW.
Rajiv Gandhi Thermal Power Station, Hissar
1200 MW.

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Any Questions ???

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THANK YOU
CORE JAVA