Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Calcium Metabolism
Calcium Homeostasis
Calcium Intake
Food sources are recommended first for
supplying calcium needs because of the
coingestion of other essensial nutrients
Sources:
Calcium from food
Calcium from supplement
Calcium from fortification food
Calcium in selected
foods:
Tofu
Yoghurt
Sardines
Collard greens,cooked
Cheese
Non-fat milk
Pudding, vanilla
Whole milk
Custard
Buttermilk
Ice-milk
Spinach
Effect of supplement
High dose calcium supplement may
reduce the absorption of nonheme iron
and possibly zinc. Magnesium, and other
divalent cations
Vitamin D
Vitamin D intake: adequate vit D intake is
important excess need is avoided
Sun light exposure for skin
Calcium and vitamin D supplements are
often given
Rickets
Phosphat intake
Calcium and Phosphat = 2:1 needed for
mineralization
High phosphorus bone loss
Consumption 1000 mg to 1200 mg/day
(females), 1200-1400 mg/day (male)
Protein intake
Anabolic effect
High dietary proteinno effect
Low dietary protein Low serum albuminlow
IGF-1 and serum calcium vulnerable fracture
1 g/kg per day
Animal protein rise urinary losses of calcium
(acid)
Plant proteinlittle effect (neutral or basic urin)
Magnesium intake
Little effect, but suggest adequate intakes
of Mg improves BMD
Vitamin K intake
Osteocalcin needs vitamin K
Vitamin K supplementation retard bone loss
Nutrition management
Adequate calcium intake
Adequatevitamin D intake from food,
supplement, and sun exposure
Avoidance of excess phophorus
A balance diet that procides adequate
protein, energy, and micronutrients
Exercise
Prevention
Three factors influenced (for women): diet,
exercise, and estrogen
Diet calcium from food (including
fortified food), adequate intake of vitamin
D either from sun exposure or foods or
supplement
Engaging in regular weight-bearing
exercise
Estrogen (before 50)
The end