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Contemporary

Issues in
Economics

Presented By

Mahbuba Tuz Zohra


Rahima Ibne Mazid
Ruhul Amin Rahat
Mirza Tanzida Sultana
Sumaiya Afroz
Zuthiqa Roy

ID:
ID:
ID:
ID:
ID:
ID:

M1516034
M1516004
M1516038
M1516050
M1516024
M1516078

Presentation Outline
Background of the report
Introduction
Methodology
Literature Review
Contemporary Issues in Economics- GDP, Unemployment &
Education
Findings
Recommendation
Conclusion

Report Preview

Mahbuba Tuz Zohra


ID:1516034

Background of the Report

As students of Master of Business Administration, we had to


complete a term paper on Contemporary Issues in Business
Economics. It is very important to have a practical application of
the knowledge acquired from any academic course of the study,
because only a lot of theoretical knowledge will become fruitless
if it is not applied in the practical life. So we need proper
application of our knowledge to get some benefit from our
theoretical knowledge to make it fruitful.

Introduction of the Study

Bangladesh is a developing country with population of 157,949,908 where


economic is expanding day by day. After the independence our economy is
reformed to manage it to our own way. Though in a slow pace, but our
economy is progressing day by day. In recent time, the key issues emerging in
our economy include GDP growth rate, the problem of unemployment and the
quality of education.

GDP (Gross Domestic Product) is the economic measurement of all finished


goods and services produced by all workers and companies within the borders
of a country. GDP is a macro economic indicator of the strength of business,
relative wealth of workers and the overall strength of the economy and is used
by business and investors to determine efficient capital deployment.

Unemployment is the most contemporary issue in business economics.


Unemployment occurs when a person who is actively searching for
employment is unable to find work. Unemployment is often used as a measure
of the economic health since unemployment level affects economic growth
and activity

Introduction of the Study (Cont.)

Another contemporary issue is education for business economics, because


education is one key to economic development. An educated workforce
contributes knowledge and skills that can be used for developing economy.

This report is an attempt to analyze the effects of contemporary issues on the


economy of Bangladesh. The report briefly reveals the role of GDP,
unemployment and education for the development of our economy and their
relevant effects.

METHODOLOGY
Research type: Descriptive research
Data Used: The report is mainly based on secondary data.

Variable Covered: Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Unemployment, Education


Sources of Data:
Different books and periodicals related to the business economics
Prior research report
Relevant website

Data Collection Method: Internet surfing


Data Analysis and Presentation: Microsoft excel, Microsoft words

Literature Review

Rahima Ibne Mazid


ID:1516004

Literature Review
Contemporary Issue: Ebuka Kasia Charles written Aug 14, 2015- A
contemporary Issue is an Subject that is currently in Public discourse.
Contemporary Issues of Economics in Bangladesh: Economic
Analyses of Contemporary Issues in Bangladesh Hardcover 2006 by
Akhtar Hossain (Editor), Farida Khan (Editor), Tanweer Akram (Editor)Economic Analyses of Contemporary Issues in Bangladesh is a
collection of studies variety of topics such as economic growth
patterns, regional convergence of per-capita income, micro-credits,
natural resource management, household choice of water and
sanitation facilities, capital markets, exchange rate policy, corruption,
and transfer pricing by foreign investors.

Literature Review
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) : According to
INVESTOPEDIA, Gross domestic product (GDP) is the
monetary value of all the finished goods and services
produced within a country's borders in a specific time period
World Bank report about GDP growth of Bangladesh:
The World Bank has forecast that Bangladeshs gross domestic
product will grow by 6.7 percent in the current 2015-16 fiscal
year.

Literature Review
Unemployment: According to INVESTOPEDIA,
Unemployment occurs when a person who is actively
searching for employment is unable to find work.
Poor Mane (February 5, 2011), Bangladesh is s small
country with large population. This country is widely known
as a poor country in the world. She is struggling hard to
survive with her hundreds of burning problems.
Unemployment problem is one of them

Literature Review
Education "Roll Call: Teacher Absence in Bangladesh" Site
resources. world bank.org. 2004. Retrieved 2013-10-25
published- The educational system of Bangladesh faces
several problems. In the past, Bangladesh education was
primarily a British modeled upper class affair with all
courses given in English and very little being done for the
common people.

GDP Growth-as a contemporary issue of


economics

Ruhul Amin
ID:1516038

Overview Bangladeshs GDP

2nd fastest growing major economy of 2016, with a growth rate of


7.1%

32nd largest economy in the world by purchasing power parity

Among Next Eleven emerging market economies in the world.

Overview Bangladeshs GDP(Cont.)


Gross Domestic Product of Bangladesh at
Constant Prices
Sector

2011-12

A. Agriculture

1,146,109

B Industry

1,851,601

C. Service
GDP at constant
market price
Growth rate

3,596,598
6,884,932
6.52

2012-13
1,174,36
0
2,030,08
4
3,794,92
0
7,298,96
5
6.01

2013-14

1,225,702
2,195,739
4,008,360
7,741,361
6.06

2014-15
1,266,49
8
2,407,99
9
4,240,88
7
8,248,62
4
6.55

201516(p)

Sectoral
Share
201516(p)

1,299,436

14.75

2,651,202

28.56

4,525,048

56.09

8,830,544
7.05

100.00

Transformation of Economy

Sectoral
Contribution

1973-1974

2015-2016

Agriculture

48.30%

14.75%

Industry

11.10%

28.56%

Service

36%

56.09%

Factors Influencing GDP Growth

Export-oriented industrialization

Tremendous improvement in Agriculture

Drastic improvement in energy infrastructure

Rapid growth in telecommunication industry

High investment from foreign companies

Substantial reserves of natural gas and coal

GDP Growth Rate Comparison

Unemployment-as a contemporary issue of


economics in Bangladesh

Mirza Tanzida
ID: 1516050

Unemployment?

Current Scenario of
Unemployment in Bangladesh

Types and Measurement of


Unemployment

Measurement :
Unemployment Rate=(Unemployed Worker/Total Labor

(% of inflation)

How is it Related with Economics?

6
4

(% of unemployment rate)

Cost of Unemployment
A. Personal
i.

Loss of paycheck

ii.

Loss of self esteem

iii.

Increase in social problems

B. Economic

C.

iv.

Loss in output

v.

Increased Govt. borrowings

vi.

Lower GDP for the economy

Societal
vii.

Increase in social dispute

viii. Decrease morality


ix.

Prevent social advancement

Education-as a contemporary issue of economics in


Bangladesh

Sumaiya Afroz
ID: 1516024

Economics and Education


Education
Knowledge
Skills
Abilities

Educated
Workforce
More Employment
More productivity
More Income
Poverty Reduction

Economic
Growth

Education Budget Bangladesh


Development Budget: 2014-15
Sector Wise Allocation

Development Budget: 2015-16


Sector Wise Allocation

Public Administration; 5%
Other; 7% Social Security & Welfare; 5%
Local GOVT. & Rural Development; 19%
Transportation; 24%

Health; 5%

Energy & Power; 14%


Education and Technology; 15% Agriculture; 7%

Other; 7%

Social Security & Welfare; 4% Public Administration; 4%


Local GOVT. & Rural Development; 18%
Transportation; 24%

Health; 5%

Education and Technology;


Energy &12%
Power; 19%
Agriculture; 7%

Primary Level Education


NER (%) Net enrollment
rate

Year

Dropout Rate
(%)

2010

39.8

2011

29.7

2012

26.2

2013

21.4

2014

20.9

Year
Boys

Girls

Total

2010

92.2

97.6

94.8

2011

92.7

97.3

94.9

2012

95.4

98.1

96.7

96.2

98.4

97.3

96.6

98.8

97.7

2013
2014

Secondary Level Education

Sl. No.

Indicators

Both

Boy

Girl

1.

Completion
Rate

58.06%

65.98%

51.62%

2.

Dropout Rate

41.94%

34.02%

48.38%

Bangladesh Literacy Rate


Bangladesh Literacy Rate 2015
66

64

62

Literacy Rate (%)

60
64.6
58

61.5
58.5

56

54

Male

Female

Average Literacy

Source: Adult Literacy Rate, UNESCO 2015

Quality Education for All: Steps


Taken by Bangladesh
Government
Development of educational policies
Introduction of pre- primary education
New schools and infrastructure development
Free distribution of textbooks
Encouragement of female education
Incentives for teachers
Making educational websites
Upgrading of curriculum, talent hunt searching, teachers
training facilities, introduction of creative questions and many
more

Problem Side of Education Sector


Bangladesh
Inadequate budget
Poor quality education in primary level
Gender disparities in senior secondary level
Learning achievement is quite low
Failure in developing necessary skills and competencies

Findings, Conclusion and


Recommendation

Zuthiqa Roy
ID: 1516078

Question
Answer
Session

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