TUMOR PAYUDARA

dr. david ferdinandus

WOMENS BREAST

Breast profile:
A ducts
B lobules
C dilated section of duct
to hold milk
D nipple
E fat
F pectoralis major
muscle
G chest wall/rib cage

Enlargement:
A normal duct cells
B basement membrane
C lumen (center of duct)

TUMOR ????
TUMOR ( UMUM ) : benjolan/ pembengkakan abnormal dalam tubuh
SEL TUMOR: sel tubuh yang mengalami transformasi dan tumbuh
secara autonom lepas dari kendali pertumbuhan sel normal sel
berbeda dengan sel normal ( bentuk dan struktur NEOPLASMA
dibedakan menjadi jinak dan ganas ( kanker )
KANKER terjadi karena timbul dan berkembang biaknya sel secara
tidak terkendali tumbuh terus menyusup ke jaringan sekitar
FATAL
Merusak
Menyebar
TUMOR JINAK : berbatas tegas, tidak menyusup, tidak merusak,
tumbuh membesar,
menekan dan tidak menyebar.

BENJOLAN PAYUDARA
INFEKSI

TUMOR JINAK

TUMOR GANAS

SELF EXAMINATION
Berdirilah di depan cermin dan perhatikan
apakah ada kelainan pada payudara.
Letakkan kedua lengan di atas kepala dan
perhatikan kembali kedua payudara.
Bungkukkan badan hingga payudara
tergantung ke bawah, dan periksa lagi.

 Berbaringlah di tempat tidur dan letakkan tangan

kiri di belakang kepala, dan sebuah bantal di
bawah bahu kiri. Rabalah payudara kiri dengan
telapak jari-jari kanan. Periksalah apakah ada
benjolan
Periksa dan rabalah puting susu dan sekitarnya.
Lakukan hal sama dengan Payudara dan ketiak
kanan.

Specific symptoms associated

with Breast Cancer
1. lumps

2. nipple changes
3. cysts
4. breast pain

Diagnosis
Palpation
Diagnostic Mammography
Ultrasonography
Magnetic Resonance Imaging

mammogram

Pathologic examination :
Fine Needle Aspiration.
Needle Biopsy
Surgical Biopsy

BREAST CANCER

THERAPY OF BREAST CANCER

BREAST IMPLANT

POST OPERATIVE

Prolonged Estrogen Exposure

1. starting menstruation at a young age (more years of the body producing
estrogen),
2. going through menopause at a late age (more years of the body
producing estrogen),
3. taking menopause hormone therapy
4. never having had a full-term pregnancy,
5. having a first full-term pregnancy after age 30
6. being overweight, which increases the production of estrogen outside
the ovaries
7. exposure to estrogens in the environment (such as estrogen fed to
fatten up beef cattle, or the breakdown products of the pesticide DDT,
which mimic the effects of estrogen in the body),
8. having more than two alcoholic drinks per week, which can limit your
liver's ability to regulate blood estrogen levels.

Smoking, Diet, and Stress

Smoking is associated with a small
increase in breast cancer risk.
Diet inadequate or unhealthy diet.
high-fat foods and having a higher risk of
breast cancer. Being overweight IS a
known factor for an increased risk of
breast cancer.
Stress has not been clearly associated
with increased breast cancer risks

Myths About Breast Cancer

Breast cancer only affects older women.

No.
While it's true that the risk of breast cancer increases as we grow older, breast cancer can occur at any age.
From birth to age 39 (<0.5% risk); from age 4059,(4% risk); from age 6079,( 7%).

If you have a risk factor for breast cancer, you're likely to get the disease.
No.
Getting breast cancer is not a certainty, even if you have one of the stronger risk factors, like a breast cancer
gene abnormality. Of women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 inherited genetic abnormality, 4080% will develop
breast cancer over their lifetime; 2060% won't. All other risk factors are associated with a much lower
probability of being diagnosed with breast cancer.

If breast cancer doesn't run in your family, you won't get it.
No.
About 80% of women who get breast cancer have no known family history of the disease.
Only your mother's family history of breast cancer can affect your risk.
No.

Birth control pills cause breast cancer.

No.
iBirth control pills also have benefits:

decreasing ovarian and endometrial cancer risk,

relieving menstrual disorders, pelvic inflammatory disease, and ovarian, and cysts, and

improving bone mineral density.

Eating high-fat foods causes breast cancer.

No.
to help you control your weight. Excess body weight, IS a risk factor for breast cancer,
because the extra fat increases the production of estrogen outside the ovaries and
adds to the overall level of estrogen in the body. If you are already overweight, or
have a tendency to gain weight easily, avoiding high-fat foods is a good idea.

A monthly breast self-exam is the best way to diagnose breast cancer.

No.
I'm at high risk for breast cancer and there's nothing I can do about it.
No.
There are several effective ways to reducebut not eliminatethe risk of breast
cancer in women at high risk. Options include lifestyle changes (minimize alcohol
consumption, stop smoking, exercise regularly), medication (tamoxifen, also called
Nolvadex); and in cases of very high risk, surgery may be offered (prophylactic
mastectomies, and for some women, prophylactic ovary removal). Be sure that you
have consulted with a physician or genetic counselor before you make assumptions
about your level of risk.

A breast cancer diagnosis is an automatic death sentence.

No.
Fully 80% of women diagnosed with breast cancer have no signs of metastases (no
cancer has spread beyond the breast and nearby lymph nodes). Furthermore, 80% of
these women live at least five years, most longer, and many live much longer. Even
women with signs of cancer metastases can live a long time. Plus promising
treatment breakthroughs are becoming available each day