Gujarat Agriculture: An overview

GUJARAT AGRICULTURE AT A GLANCE

Total Geographical Area: 188.00 lakh

ha.
Cultivable Area:
86.00 lakh
ha.
Agro-climatic Zones:
Eight

GUJARAT AGRICULTURE AT A GLANCE cont

CROPS
CROPS
Major Crops: Wheat, Bajra, Rice, Maize,
Groundnut, Mustard, Sesame,
Pigeon pea, Green Gram,
Gram, Cotton, Sugarcane.
Gujarat is the largest producer of, Castor, Tobacco,
Isabgul (Psyllium), second largest Producer of
Sesame seeds, Cotton and Groundnut in the
country.
Gujarat has highest productivity in, Mustard,
Castor and cotton, second highest productivity in
Groundnut and Bajra, third highest productivity in
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Gram and Guar in the country.

GUJARAT AGRICULTURE AT A GLANCE cont

HORTICULTURE
HORTICULTURE
Major Crops: Mango, Banana, Sapota,
Lime, Guava, Tomato, Potato, Onion,
Cumin, Garlic, Isabgul, Fennel
Total Area: About 2.52 lakh ha.
Gujarat has highest productivity in,
Guava, Potato, Onion, Cumin and Fennel,
third highest productivity in Banana and
Isabgul in the country.
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GUJARAT AGRICULTURE AT A GLANCE cont

Total Livestock

ANIMAL
ANIMALHUSBANDRY
HUSBANDRY
199.39 lakh

Cattle Population

67.49 lakh / 62.84 lakh

Poultry

72.36 lakh

Well Known Cattle Cow

Breeds
Buffalo

Gir, Kankarej
Jafrabadi, Mehsani, Surti

Sheep

Patanwadi, Marwadi

Goat

Surti, Mehsani, Kutchchi,

Zalawadi, Gohilwadi

Horse

Kathiawadi, Marwadi

Camel

Kutchchi

Contribute 5 % of GDP of the

State

GUJARAT AGRICULTURE AT A GLANCE cont

DAIRY
DAIRYDEVELPMENT
DEVELPMENT
12 District Milk Producers Union
10,725 Milk Cooperative Societies
150 lakh liter/day Milk Production
20.84 lakh Members of Milk Cooperative Societies
Members get weekly cash payment for sale of milk.
They are provided health care,cattelfeed and
artificial inseminisation services by union
6

AGRICULTURAL INFRASTRUCTURE
AGRICULTURAL
AGRICULTURALMARKETING
MARKETINGORGANISATIONS
ORGANISATIONS
No. of APMCs: 200
No. of Market Yards: 401
Agro-Processing Units: Major units consists of Cotton Ginning, Oil
Mills (Groundnut, Soybean, Castor), Rice &
Pulse Mills, Tobacco, Sugar Mills, Spices
(Dehydration units of Onion & Garlic) are
prominent
Major Ports: Kandala, Mundra, Pipavav
Roads & Transport: Good transport facilities with roads up to
village level
Communication: Good communication facilities up to village
level. Internet facilities up to block level
Special Yard in view of WTO 4-Special Yards
COTTON,TOBBACO,SPICES,and
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GROUNDNUTS

AGRICULTURAL AT GLANCE ..

LAND USAGE & IRRIGATION

CLASSIFICATION
CLASSIFICATIONOF
OFSTATE
STATELAND
LANDUSAGE
USAGE
Total land held by Operational Holders

89.00 lakh hectors

Actual cultivated area

86.00 lakh hectors

Total cultivated area

112.00 lakh hectors

Area under irrigation

Irrigation Potential through canal irrigation:
21.48 lakh ha.
With Sardar Sarovar Dam:
38.41 lakh ha.
No. of Check dams & Boribands constructed:
50,000
No. of Farm Ponds created:
1,37,000
No. of Village Ponds deepened:
3087
A major Watershed Programme under implementation
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ADVANTAGE GUJARAT
1600 Km long coastal belt
Diversified Crops and Cropping systems
Climatic diversities
Biodiversities
Good transport facilities -- PORTS &
AIRPORTS
Strong Agri Marketing system, Agro based
Industries & Co-operatives
Enterprising Farmers having business
instincts
Geographical Location

CONSTRAINTS
Drought prone areas & arid areas forms more then 50 % of
state
Soil erosion is increasing due to advancement of Desert
land, Deforestation
Depletion Of Water Table
Sea Water Ingress
Deterioration of Soil and Water conditions due to salinity
ingress
Irregular rain pattern affecting productivity in agriculture
Agriculture affected due to recurrent droughts
Low Productivity Of Local Livestock Breeds
Inadequate Fodder Resources
Poor R & D Facilities For Marine resources
Inadequate trained human resource for modern agricultural
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research and education

GUJARAT RECENT INITIATIVES

WTO
Agri-Export Zones for Mangoes,Vegetables and
Onions & Till set up in State.
Perishable air cargo complex at Ahmedabad
International airport being set up GOI sanction for
land awaited.
Agro Industrial policy to support Agro Export &
Processing of Agro Products
Testing laboratory being set-up with Gujarat
Agriculture Universities
Special efforts to guide Farmers to produce
QUALITY product including ORGANIC PRODUCTS 11

GUJARAT RECENT INITIATIVES WTO cont..

FOUR SPECIAL markets being

created for spices , Fruit crops,
vegetables & flowers and Oils
seeds
GUJARAT has large
warehousing Capacity & cold
storage chain
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Strengthening of Agriculture infra structure

Research & Education

Formation of FOUR Agriculture Universities

(Anand,Dantiwada,Navsari,Junagadh) by Reorganization

Following Advance Agri research & Education efforts under way

Center of Excellence on Biotechnology, Anand

Center of Excellence on Post Harvest Technology,
Navsari
Center of Excellence on soil and water
Management, Junagadh
Center for Excellence On Castor, Sardar
Krushinagar
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Strengthening of Agriculture infra structure

Research & Education cont.

Advanced Research and

Educational Centre for
Horticultural Crops,
Navsari
WTO Cell, Junagadh
14

Strengthening of Agriculture infra structure

BROAD OBJECTIVES

Doubling of income of farmers

Direct advise to individual farmer - a
new approach in extension
Direct involvement of Agri Scientist at
village level to bridge gap between
actual and potential production
Providing Stability to agriculture by
providing scientific micro level
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planning

Strengthening of Agriculture infra structure cont..

SOIL HEALTH CARD..FINE OBJECTIVES

Analysis of soil of all the villages of the

state
Guidance to farmers regarding fertilizer
usage based on soil analysis
Advising farmers regarding alternate
cropping pattern based on soil analysis.
Providing Soil Health Card to each
farmer.
2,00,000 Soil Health Card distributed to
farmers
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SOIL HEALTH
HEALTH CARD
CARD
SOIL
Government of Gujarat initiated scheme of SHC
Actions Taken by DAG
Soil data of 2,00,000 farmers
land collected from 18000
villages in 2003=04
Soil samples analyzed
and database created
DAG started farmers meet to
explain cropping based on Soil
data & makes available at local
level
TALUKA PLAN
VILLAGE PLAN
INDIVIDUAL FARMAR PLAN

Actions Taken by AUs

SHC Program Expert Group formed
District level and Taluka level
Scientists Identified
Scientists & Extensions are
advising crop improvement
qualitatively based on soil data and
existing knowledge
Crop planning based on MAI
University recommendations compiled
CDC formed

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Strengthening of Agriculture infra structure cont.

WORK PLAN
soil health card

Rabi- 2003-04 & Kharif 2004-05

Work Plan prepared for every taluka
and village by team of agri. scientists,
Agri. officers and hort. officer

Rabi 2004-05
Taluka level plan prepared
Village/Individual Farmer level plan
under preparation

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Soil Health Card cont

ADVANTAGE FARMERS
Farmers have now advantage of
Knowing actual quantity of fertilizer
needed. (This resulted in less use of
Urea in certain areas)
Alternate crop pattern
Dialogue with scientists for issue
related to farming
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Soil Health Card cont

FUTURE PLAN
The taluka level plan will be based on
Soil health analysis
Rainfall pattern
Soil depth analysis (data source BISAG)
Market research - data of average price of
various crops of last five years

Manuals under preparation

AAU - for officers for taluka and village plan
preparation
JAU - for Individual Farmers plan

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e-governance at the disposal

of Farmers
Use of e-governance for farmers is on the way
Farmers can get village Records of Rights of land
has been computerized at Computer Centre at Taluka
level.
Agriculture Taluka level planning is displayed on
WEBSITE.
TALK BACK" PROGRAMS CONDUCTED ON
PACKAGE OF PRACTICES OF VARIOUS CROPS
WITH FARMERS

Farmers will be able to interact with Scientists

from their village under e-gram project

21

Credit, Insurance and Financial Support to Farmers

15 lakh Kisan Credit Cards distributed last year
5 lakh Kisan Credit Cards distributed this year
(cooperation NABARD)
Credit of Rs. 4500 crore is already given by September
end. 1,18,000 farmers added in loans sanctioned
The Crop Insurance Scheme is implemented in the State.
Rs. 700 crores of claims of farmers were paid in last
year
Another Farmers Income Insurance Scheme has also
been implemented in 5 districts.
We have initiated the Farmers Accident Insurance
Scheme. The coverage of accidental death is of Rs. 1
lakh. Rs. 818.15 lakh premium was paid by Government
in last three years.
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Focus on villages
Gram Sabha
Direct interaction between Government
functionaries and the village people to solve village
level problems on the spot.
Meets three times in a year

Tirthgram Samras gram- Jyotigram and E-gram

To enhance better quality of life in villages.

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Communications
Roads and the transport services are
connecting all villages of the State
98 % of villages are electrified
All Talukas are connected with
telecommunication network.
State has its own GSWAN network which will
shortly reach out to villages.

Gujarat State Wide Area Network

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Biotechnology
Top priority in Vision 2010 Action
Plan
Enhancing genetic yield levels of
crops and animals, incorporating
resistance to biotic and abiotic
stresses
Leading to a sustainable, stable
and remunerative agriculture
25

Organic Farming

Growing awareness amongst farmers

incresed use of wormi-compost
Need to have Testing Laboratory with
Agricultural Universities for
certification of Organic Product
Need for Corporates and NGOs to
provide link between growers and
traders to tap multi billion global
market of organic farm products.
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Weather
Forecasting

Countrys crop production and productivity

dependent on monsoon
Due to erratic rainfall pattern in many years,
productivity gets effected
Need for developing a sound weather
forecasting system
Farmers need to be provided information on
weather at least 7 days in advance as available
in Western countries This will reduce losses on
crop and loss of input and sometime entire
farming operation.
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Wind & Solar

Energy
India has a vast resource of solar &
wind energy
Increasing use for agriculture
related items like cheap
desalination, operationalisation of
pumps by solar energy, solar
drier,wind mills needed
Technologies available but it has
limited extension due to high cost.
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Development of
Wasteland
Country has, particularly in States
like Gujarat, Rajasthan, Haryana, vast
track of waste lands. Technology
needed for fodder, salinity resistant
crops and trees for these areas.
This will enhance area under
agriculture and support a strong
base of livestock & Provide
employment
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Market related
Research
It is essential to carry out Market
Research on agricultural
production and productivity of
other countries where our
Agriculture commodities are in
demand on a continuous basis.
A market mechanism needs to be
developed for dissemination of
information and exports
Need to monitor weather condition
and crop production of such
countries which include Africa,
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Middle-East, South-East Asia and

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Major concerns :
Per capita availability of fresh water is 60% of
the national average
78% of drinking water supply dependent on ground
water.
Quality and/or quantity of ground water unreliable
During last 15 years :
Reduction in quantity of ground water by 26%
water table going down by almost 3 mts. every year
27% of villages have water quality problems excess
fluoride & nitrate
1600 Km of coastline lead to problem of salinity
ingress in 1/6th part of the State
Recurrence of drought every three years

32

Strategy and Approach :

To create sustainable and reliable source of
drinking water throughout the year on long term
basis by shifting to surface water resources.
To make water available in adequate quantity in
water
scarce and quality affected villages on
priority basis.
Inter basin bulk transfer of water from South and
Central Gujarat to drought prone, desert areas
and water quality effected villages of Kutch,
Saurashtra and North Gujarat areas.
75% of the total villages to be covered by
permanent
drinking water supply grid with
provision for providing filtered water.
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Strategy and Approach

10,000 out of 18,000 villages to be covered
under Narmada Dam based Water Supply
Scheme.
10 worst drought affected and desert districts to
be provided drinking water under Sujalam &
Suphalam Yojana which emphasis on in-situ
water conservation and restoring ecological
water balance.
In good rainfall areas of south and central
Gujarat, emphasis on rainwater harvesting and
development of local water sources based
water supply systems, which are easy to
manage, operate and maintain by local
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people at low O & M cost.

Empowerment of Rural Community

All in-village water supply schemes will be

demand based and to be implemented and
managed by local community.
Formation of Pani Samities to take over the full
responsibility of water supply and sanitation in
villages.
NGOs to play a role as Implementation
Support Agencies (ISAs) and 32 NGOs are
working at present.
In accordance to 73rd Amendment in the
Constitution, capacity building and
empowerment of Village Panchayats/ Village
Water and Sanitation Committees (VWSC)/
Pani Samitis to plan, implement, manage,
operate and maintain their in-village water
supply systems in long term.

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CONCLUSION
State Government takes the full responsibility
of drinking water sources - bulk and semibulk water supply
Village community to manage their in-village
systems
Development of local and traditional source
for conjunctive use.
State Government proposes to ensure safe
potable drinking water to all villages by
December, 2008 on a permanent, long term
and sustainable basis.
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