WELL TESTING

Types of Well Tests

Statutory
Requirement

Periodic Production tests Done once per month

- Find the relative quantities of oil, gas and water
Productivity tests
- Capabilities of the well with drawdown
Transient Pressure tests
- Determine kh, skin, pressure (p*)

WELL TESTING
Periodic Production Tests
Oil rate Daily and Monthly
Gas rate Daily and Monthly
Water rate Daily and Monthly
Other test data API Gravity, sand, BS&W,
Pwh, choke size, artificial lift information, temperature, downtime, etc.

Periodic Production Tests

PI = Q/(Pr Pwf) = Prod/Drawdown for single phase flow

Pw f
Pw f
q

10.2 0.8

qm ax
Pr
Pr

WELL TESTING
Transient Pressure Tests
Pressure Buildup
Pressure Drawdown
Multiple Rate
Injection buildup or fall off
Multiple well performance
Drill Stem or Production Tests

WELL TESTING
Pressure Buildup Survey - preferred
- Shut well in after flowing for a specific period
- Record static bottomhole pressures using memory guage
Y

Shut
in
press
ure

= C

t p t
162.6qBo

Pws Pi
log
kh
t

tp = estimated flowing time (hours)

Tp = Np/Qfinal

Q = avg. flow rate

Delta T = shut in time in hrs

Np = cum. Oil production
Qfinal = last flow rate

WELL TESTING
Pressure Buildup Survey

162.6qBo
kh

162.6qBo
mh

C = compressibility
(given)

P1hr Pwf

k
3.23
s 1.151
log
2
m
crw

WELL TESTING
Pressure Buildup Survey Example

96 + 2/ 2

Pwf (when well is

still flowing)

WELL TESTING
Pressure Buildup Survey
Construct Horner Plot

N.B. X scale is reversed ;see

equation
Grad =y2-y1 / log 100 = 2 - Log 10
=1

At t=1 use
value on
straight line;
96+1 / 1

Due to compressibility of gas out of solution; afterflow

effects ; occurs for all oils as Bp reached in tubing.

Pi

WELL TESTING
Pressure Buildup Survey
RESULTS

Work on your own

WELL TESTING
Pressure Drawdown Survey Normally done before buildup
Single Rate Test

Generally buildup time is

twice the time for the
drawdown

Flow well at a constant rate

Record Bottomhole Flowing Pressure, Pwf
Y =
M
X

Used only for transient flow

WELL TESTING
Pressure Drawdown Survey

WELL TESTING
Pressure Drawdown Survey

Well switched from

transient to pseudo
steady state flow
therefore equation no
longer applies.

WELL TESTING
Pressure Drawdown Survey
RESULTS

WELL TESTING
GAS WELL TESTING
P Method for p> 3000 psia
P2 Method for p< 2000 psia
Pseudopressure method for 2000< p <3000 psia
P2 Method
For stabilised flow

WELL TESTING
GAS WELL TESTING
P2 Method

N.B.Remove
q from eqn
for a and b

WELL TESTING
GAS WELL TESTING
P2 Method

Dividing by flow rate, q

2
2
p

p
wf
A plot of
q

With gradient b

versus flow rate, q will yield a straight line

WELL TESTING
GAS WELL TESTING
P2 Method
Empirical Method

Taking logs on both sides:

A plot of log(q) versus

With gradient n

will yield a straight line

GAS WELL TESTING

Types of Gaswell Tests:

Flow after Flow test Flow well several times to stabilisation,
shut in and allow to build up to initial shut in pressure
Isochronal Test Flow well for a specific time period e.g. 12 hours
and allow pressure to build up to initial pressure.
Repeat twice and then flow for an extended period (stabilised point)
Modified Isochronal Test Flow well for a specific time period e.g. 12 hours
and shut in for equal time period.
Repeat twice and then flow for an extended period (stabilised point)