Increased Safety for Workers in Gold

Mining and Oring by using Visible Light

Communication
Name : E.Ashwin Kumar
Thangavel
R.Arun Kumar

Guide : P.John

ABSTRACT
In this project aimed to handle the gold oring process in safety manner. Pulse oxi-meter is used
to detect the employees pulse rate. In this gold oring process CH4 release in certain amount. If the
level of the CH4 is high, the exhaust fan is ON. The following process is done by using the CH4
sensor. The employees heart beat is measured by using the heart beat sensor. The PH sensor is used
to measure the toxic level. If it is increased means the sodium meta sulphide is generated so it reacts
with toxic and neutralized.

EXISTING SYSTEM

Wireless networks for Industrial Automation Process

Automation (WIA-PA) underpin the use of wireless technology in
the process industries for monitoring and noncritical control
applications in oil and gas installations, refineries, and chemical
plants. Considerations in industrial wireless networks include RF
interference and the constraints of low-power industrial sensor nodes.
Process

automation

applications

require

communication, which increases power usage.

frequent

periodic

DISADVANTAGES OF EXISTING SYSTEM

Increases the power usage

Network communication problem
High cost

PROPOSED SYSTEM
Here we are proposing Visible light communication technology to communicate
the data through light .so we are going to implement the project for mining areas ..here we have
two section Mining section & Gold oring section,mining section is used to check the mining status
as well as human pulse using CH4 and Pulse oximeter .if CH4 level is more than normal..then
automatically exhaust fan will be ON to avoid the accident in mining section..meanwhile we are
checking the pulse level.so we can give alert signal if it is abnormal condition.Gold oring can able
to receive the information to display the status of mining section through light source ..and we are
using PH sensor to find the PH level in gold oring process .if PH level is abnormal then device will
be activated which is having sodium meta sulphate to control the level of PH ..So VLC will be
very effective technology to communicate the data without using any external source .

ADVANTAGE OF PROPOSED SYSTEM

Low cost
Employee secure system
Easy measurements

BLOCK DIAGRAM
MINE
LCD

Relay unit
CH4 sensor

ADC

AT89S52
Micro controller

Exhaust
fan

Buzzer
Pulse-oxi sensor
UART

VLC

GOLD ORE PROCESS

UART

pH sensor

VLC

AT89S52
Micro controller
ADC

Relay
drive

LCD

Device
(sodium
meta
sulphate)

Rate adaptation in visual

MIMO
We propose a rate adaptation scheme for visual
MIMO camera-based communications, wherein
parallel data transmissions from light emitting
arrays are received by multiple receive elements of
a CCD/CMOS camera image sensor. Unlike RF
MIMO, multipath fading is negligible in the visual
MIMO channel. Instead, the channel is largely
dependent on receiver perspective (distance and
angle) and visibility issues (partial line-of-sight
availability and occlusions). This allows for slower
adaptation but requires the adaptation algorithm to
choose among a more complex set of modes. In
this paper, we define a set of operating modes for
visual MIMO transmitters and propose a rate
adaptation scheme to switch between these modes

Automatic Calibration of
Methane Monitoring Based
on Wireless Sensor
Network

Area monitoring is a common application of

wireless sensor network (WSN). Mining area
Monitoring System for Methane is very important
because it guarantees the coal mine production
safety. Automatic calibration technologies were
useful for reduce the impacts of methane sensor's
stability that led to shortcomings of traditional gas
detector, such as frequent recalibration, high
maintenance cost, and high false alarm rate. This
paper described the hardware architecture of a
mini intelligent methane sensor and the
algorithmic research for maintenance-free
techniques and technologies in WSN

A Wireless Passive Sensor for

Temperature Compensated Remote pH
Monitoring
Temperature must be accounted for in order to
provide accurate measurements in electrodebased pH sensors. We present an integrated
wireless passive sensor for remote pH monitoring
employing temperature compensation. The
sensor is a resonant circuit consisting of a planar
spiral inductor connected in parallel to a
temperature-dependent resistor (thermistor) and
a voltage-dependent capacitor (varactor). A pH
combination electrode consisting of an
iridium/iridium oxide sensing electrode and a
silver/silver chloride reference electrode, is
connected in parallel with the varactor

Visual Light Communication

Using LED
Nowadays wireless communication has become
day-to-day utility and we are well aware of the
problems posed by radio frequencies involved in
it like hazardous, inefficient in terms of power
consumption etc. Visual light communication is
supposed to be the possible solution to the
above problems. Our project aims at building a
basic data communication system that can
transmit analog and digital data. We have
transmitted audio signal over a distance of 30-35
cm and we have transmitted a text file of size 14
bytes at a distance of 3 cm (between led and
photo diode) from one laptop to another laptop
with single led within a fraction of second.

REFERENCES
IEEE, IEEE 802.15.7 WPAN Visual Light
Communication Study Group, 2008.
D. C. OBrien, M. Katz, P. Wang, K. Kalliojarvi, S.
Arnon, M.Matsumoto, R. J. Green, and S.
Jivkova, Short range optical wireless
communications, in Proc. Wireless World Res.
Forum, 2005 [Online].
K. D. Dambul,D.C.OBrien, andG.Faulkner,
Indoor optical wireless MIMO system with an
imaging receiver, IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.,
vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 9799, Jan. 2011.

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
Micro controller(AT89S52)
CH4 sensor
Pulse-oxi sensor
pH sensor
Heart beat sensor
WSN
Relay drive
Device
Exhaust fan
Buzzer
VLC Modem
LCD