T

BASICS OF GOVERNING
SYSTEM
DRAWINGS ARE NOT AS PER
ACTUAL
A
THIS PRESENTATION HAS BEEN
PREPARED
JUST FOR UNDERSTANDING
THE SYSTEM

FUNCTIONS OF THE GOVERNING SYSTEM

To contain the speed rise within acceptable limits if

the unit gets disconnected from load.

To regulate the steam control valve position and

hence load generated.

To control the initial run up and synchronization of the

machine

To assist in matching the power generated to that

demanded by responding to the network frequency
changes.

SALENT FEATURES OF 200 MW KWU TURBINE

GOVERNING SYSTEM

KWU 200 mw turbine is a throttle governed machine.

Two governors, electro-hydraulic and hydraulic are incorporated.
Both the governors are connected in parallel.
Only one governor can be selected at a time through the process
of hydraulic minimum selection.
The control valve opening depends on secondary oil pressure
and there is a definite relationship between the opening of HP
control valve and IP control valve.
Between 40 to 200 mw the turbine load is varied by changing the
HP control valve throttling alone.

HYDRAULIC
HYDRAULIC GOVERNOR
GOVERNOR SALENT
SALENT FEATURES
FEATURES

Hydraulic governor is having only one control loop called

speed controller.
HG consists of mechanical arrangement of spring and
bellow.
Machine speed is measured and indicated as primary oil
pressure.
Range of speed control is 2800-3210 rpm.
Speed regulation range (droop) of HG is 7% and can not be
changed while the machine is running.
HG acts as a back-up to the EHG.
HG can not be isolated mechanically like EHG and HG is
considered to be the primary governor of the KWU turbine

ELECTRO-HYDRAULIC
ELECTRO-HYDRAULIC GOVERNOR
GOVERNOR SALENT
SALENT FEATURES
FEATURES

EHG consists of three control loops for speed, load and

pressure.
EHG optimizes the turbine life by conservative operation with
the aid of TSE.
Faster response and precise frequency control.
Actual speed of the turbine is measured by using hall probes
Range of speed control is wider (0-3210) rpm.
Speed regulation (Droop) can be changed from 2.5% to 8% in
a step of 0.5% even when the machine runs on load.The usual
setting of droop in EHG is 5%.
EHG can be mechanically isolated by closing the secondary
oil line from the local.

DIFFERENT OILS USED IN KWU TURBINE

Control oil (source oil)

Signal oil (LP bypass operation)
Auxiliary start-up oil
Start-up oil
Auxiliary trip oil
Trip oil
Auxiliary secondary oil
secondary oil
Test oil
Primary oil
Lub oil
Jacking oil

GOVERNING SYSTEM DEVICES

Remote trip solenoids

Turbine trip gear (Main trip valve)
Starting and load limiting device
Speeder gear
Auxiliary follow-up piston
Follow-up piston
Hydraulic amplifier
Electro-hydraulic convertor
Sequence trimming device
Solenoid for load sheeding relay
Extaction valve relay

HP TURBINE

IP TURBINE

LP TURBINE

TG SET

MS

CRH
NRV

HPSV

IPSV

HPCV

IPCV

HPCV
CRH
NRV

HPSV

GENERATOR

IPCV
IPSV

MS

HRH

BOILER

Condenser

Different oils, their colour codes, sources and purpose in

KWU Governing System
S.No
1.

2.
3.
4.

Name of Oil

Control Oil

Trip Oil
Aux Trip Oil
Start-up Oil

5.

Aux Start-up
Oil

6.

Aux
Secondary Oil
Secondary Oil

7.

Source & pressure

Purpose

MOP/AOP ( 7-8.5 Kg/cm2)

To establish Trip Oil, Aux Trip Oil,

Trip Oil, Start-up Oil, Aux Startup Oil, Aux Secondary Oil,
Secondary Oil, Primary Oil, Etc

Main Trip Valve (4.8-6 Kg/cm2)

To reset , Open & Trip stop valve

Main Trip Valve (4.8-6 Kg/cm2)

To trip Hydraulic Trip Device

Starting Device ( 5.5 Kg/cm2)

To assist Resetting & Opening

Stop Valves

Starting Device ( 5.5 Kg/cm2)

To Reset Main Trip Valve &

Hydraulic Trip Device

Speeder Gear ( 2.3-4.8 Kg/cm2)

Input Signal to Hydraulic

Converter

Hyd/Electro-Hyd Converter ( 0-6

Kg/cm2)

To govern HP/IP Control Valve

opening

(HP/IP)
8.
9.

10.

Primary Oil
Test Oil
Drains

LEGENDS

Primary Oil Pump ( 0-2.3 Kg/cm2) Feedback speed signal for HG

Over Speed Test Device ( 2.0
Kg/cm2)

To test Over Speed Test Device

Colour Code

 CONTROL OIL OIL TAKEN FROM AOP/MOP DISCHARGE HEADER

FOR THE GOVERNING SYSTEM
TRIP/AUX TRIP OILTHESE TWO OIL CIRCUITS ARE ESTABLISHED
THROUGH MAIN TRIP VALVES UNDER RESET CONDITION.
START-UP/AUX START-UP OIL THESE TWO OIL CIRCUITS ARE
ESTABLISHED TO ITS PEAK PRESSURE THROUGH STARTING DEVICE
AT 0% POSITION AND PRESSURE STARTS REDUCING WHEN POSITION
OF THE STARTING DEVICE IS RAISED.
AUX SECONDARY OIL THIS OIL CIRCUIT IS NOTHING BUT OUTPUT
OF HYDRAULIC GOVERNOR
AND INPUT TO HYDRAULIC
CONVERTER.
SECONDARY OIL OUTPUT OF HYDRAULIC/ELECTRO-HYDRAULIC
CONVERTER.
TEST OILTHIS OIL CIRCUIT IS ESTABLISHED TO TEST OVER SPEED
TRIP DEVICE WHEN TURBINE IS RUNNING AT RATED SPEED.

 REMOTE TRIP SOLENOID VALVESTHESE ARE TWO IN Nos. AND WHEN ANY TURBINE
TRIP GETS INITIATED, THE SOLENOIDS GETS ENERGISED AND CONTROL OIL GETS
DRAINED THROUGH THE VALVES AND TRIPS THE MTV.

MAIN TRIP VALVESTHESE ARE TWO IN Nos. AND CALLED THE MAIN TRIP GEAR.
ALL THE TURBINE TRIPPINGS TAKE PLACE THROUGH THIS DEVICE. UNDER NONTRIP CONDITION ESTABLISHES TRIP & AUX TRIP OIL AND USED FOR
RESETTING/OPENING THE STOP VALVES AND PRODUCING HP/IP SECONDARY OIL.

STARTING DEVICE AS THE NAME OF THIS DEVICE SUGGESTS, THIS DEVICE IS USED
FOR RESETTING AND OPENING THE STOP VALVES AND , MAIN TRIP VALVES &
HYDRAULIC TRIP DEVICES. THIS DEVICE EITHER BE OPERATED MANUALLY BY
HAND WHEEL OR FROM REMOTE (MCR) THROUGH MOTORISED ACTUATOR.
SPEEDER GEAR THIS DEVICE IN COMBINATION WITH STARTING DEVICE FORMS
HYDRAULIC GOVERNOR AND PROVIDES INPUT HYDRALIC SIGNAL TO HYDRAULIC
CONVERTER. THIS DEVICE EITHER BE OPERATED MANUALLY BY HAND WHEEL OR
FROM REMOTE (MCR) THROUGH MOTORISED ACTUATOR.
HYDRAULIC/ELECTRO-HYDRAULIC
CONVERTERAMPLIFIES&CONVERTS
HYDRAULIC /ELECTRICAL SIGNALS TO HYDRAULIC SIGNALS ( HP/IP SECONDARY
OIL) FOR THE OPERATION OF HP/IP CONTROL VALVE.
HYDRAULIC TRIP DEVICESTHESE DEVICES PROVIDE MANDATORY PROTECTIONS
OF THE TURBINE BY DRAINING AUX TRIP OIL. THESE DEVICES ARE RESET BY AUX
START-UP OIL.

TEST V/V

BLOCK
BLOCK DIAGRAM
DIAGRAM OF
OF
GOVERNING
GOVERNING SYSTEM
SYSTEM
Remote Trip
Solenoid
Filtered
Control Oil Valves

STOP V/V
SERVO MOTOR

Main Trip
Valves
STOP &
CONTROL
VALVE
CONTROL
VALVE
SERVO
MOTOR

AOP
Trip Oil

Filter

MOP

Secondary Oil
AOP Discharge
header

Aux Trip
Oil

Starting
Device

Filtered Controlled Oil

Hyd. Trip Device

Electro-Hyd
Converter

Start-up Oil

Hyd
Converter

Aux Start-up Oil

RAISING STARTING DEVICE POSITION TO DE-PRESSURISE

BRINGING THE STARTING DEVICE TO 0 POSITION TO BUILD
START-UP & AUX STATR-UP OIL TO OPEN STOP VALVES AND
START-UP & AUX STATR-UP OIL TO RESET STOP& MAIN TRIP
PRODUCING AUX SECONDARY OIL
VALVES AND HYD. TRIP DEVICE
Hand Wheel
Moto
r

Drain

STARTING DEVICE

Aux Start-up Oil (0

(5.5
Kg/cm2)
TO MTV & HTD V/V
Kg/cm2)
CONTROL OIL FROM AOP/MOP

TO TEST V/V OF STOP V/V

Start-up Oil (0
(5.5Kg/cm2)
Kg/cm2)

Drain

75

100

50
25

Starting
Device
In %

0
Position at MCR

STARTING
STARTING
DEVICE
DEVICE

RESETTING OF MTV FOR

TRIPPING
OF MTV
FOR
ESTABLISHING
TRIP/AUX
KILLING
TRIP OIL TRIP OIL

MAIN TRIP VALVE

DRAIN

TRIP OIL TO RESET/OPEN STOP VALVE

& FOLLOW-UP VALVES ETC TO
PRODUCE SECONDARY OIL (0
(4.8-6.0
Kg/cm2)

Kg/cm2)

CONTROL OIL FROM

AOP/MOP(6-8.5
Kg/cm2)

AUX TRIP OIL TO

HYDRAULIC TRIP DEVICES
(4.8-6.0
(0
Kg/cm2)
Kg/cm2)

AUX START-UP OIL FROM

STARTING DEVICE (0 POSITION)

RESETTING OF MTV

REMOTE TRIP SOLENOID

OPERATED VALVES
CONTROL OIL
8bar

TRIP OIL TO HOLD STOP

V/VS & AND TO PRODUCE
SECONDARY OIL

contro
Filter

DRAIN

fluid tank

Control
fluid
pump 8
bar
AUX START-UP
OIL TO RESET
MTV & HTD

A I N

AUX TRIP OIL TO HYDRAULIC

TRIPING DEVICES

T R I P

V A L V E

TRIPPING OF MTV THROUGH RTSV

(ELECTRICAL)

TRIPPING THROUGH
RTSV

REMOTE TRIP SOLENOID

OPERATED VALVES
CONTROL OIL
FROM AOP/MOP

TRIP OIL TO HOLD STOP

V/VS & AND TO PRODUCE
SECONDARY OIL

Filter

DRAIN

AUX START-UP
OIL TO RESET
MTV

A I N

AUX TRIP OIL TO HYDRAULIC

TRIPING DEVICES

T R I P

V A L V E

TRIPPING THROUGH HYD

TRIPDEVICE

TRIPPING OF MTV THROUGH

HYDRAULIC TRIP DEVICE
(MECHANICAL)

REMOTE TRIP SOLENOID

OPERATED VALVES
TRIP OIL TO HOLD STOP
V/VS & AND TO PRODUCE
SECONDARY OIL

CONTROL OIL
FROM AOP/MOP
Filter

DRAIN

AUX START-UP OIL TO

RESET HYD TRIP DEVICES

AUX START-UP
OIL TO RESET
MTV

AUX TRIP OIL TO HYDRAULIC

TRIPING DEVICES

HYDRAULIC
TRIP DEVICE

T R I P

V A L V E

AUX TRIP OIL TO THE

HYDRAULIC TRIPING
DEVICES

RESETTING OF RTSV, HYD. TRIP

DEVICES & MTV THROUGH

RESETTING OF RTSV, HYD. TRIP DEVICES &

MTV THROUGH
REMOTE TRIP SOLENOID
OPERATED VALVES
CONTROL OIL
8bar

TRIP OIL TO HOLD STOP

V/VS & AND TO PRODUCE
SECONDARY OIL

Filter

DRAIN

AUX START-UP
OIL TO RESET
MTV

AUX START-UP OIL TO

RESET HYDRAULIC
TRIP DEVICES

HYDRAULIC
TRIP DEVICE
AUX TRIP OIL TO THE
HYDRAULIC TRIPING
DEVICES

START-UP OIL TO TEST V/V

STOP V/V
OPERATION

TEST
VALVE

TRIP OIL TO STOP V/V

MTV

RTSVS

Filter

AUX START-UP OIL

TO MTV

DRAIN

S/D

STOP VALVE
SERVOMOTOR

AUX START-UP OIL TO

HYD TRIP DEVICE
HYD TRIP
DEVICE
AUX TRIP OIL TO HYD
TRIP DEVICE

OPENING OF STOP VALVES BY RAISING

RESETTING OF RTSV(DE-ENERGIZING) &
STARTING DEVICE
HYD. TRIP DEVICES & MTV THROUGH
DRAIN
STARTING DEVICE AT 0 POSITION

STOP VALVE

TURBINE OVERSPEED
TRIP DEVICE
AUX START-UP OIL
TO RESET
AUX TRIP OIL

FLY BOTL
Drain

Aux Trip Oil

TURBINE OVERSPEED TRIP DEVICE

THRUST BEARING
TRIP DEVICE
AUX START-UP OIL
TO RESET

AUX TRIP OIL

TURBINE
SHAFT

TEST
OIL

RESETTING
Thrust
TRIPPING OFOF
Thrust
Bearing
Bearing
TRIP DEVICE
TRIP DEVICE

Drain

Resetting Of Low
Vacuum Trip Device

Low Vacuum Trip

Device

Tripping Of Low
Vacuum Trip Device

Vacuum
Atmosphere

Drain
Control Oil
Aux Trip Oil
Drain

LOW VACUUM TRIP DEVICE

HYDRAULIC
GOVERNOR

Aux Follow-up
Piston

Starting Device

Speeder Gear
Aux Secondary Oil To
Hyd. Governor

75
50
Trip Oil
From MTV

25

10
0

Speeder
Gear
In %

75

Aux Follow-up Valve

50
Control
Oil

Starting Device

Link

Speeder Gear

Primary Oil
(02.3Kg/cm2)

25

In %

0
Primary Oil
Pump

Starting
Device

10
0

Aux Follow-up
Piston

Starting Device

Aux Secondary Oil To Hyd.

Governor

Speeder Gear

Start-up oil

75
50
25

Control oil

10
0

Starting
Device
In %

0
Aux Start-up oil

75
50
Primary Oil
LINK

Primary Oil
Pump

25

In %

Trip oil From MTV

Starting
Device

10
0

HP Sec. Oil

HG & EHG
Aux Sec Oil
from S/G

Follow - up valves
IP Sec. Oil

Hydraulic Converter
Amplifier
Piston
Trim
Device

Control Oil

HP Sec. Oil
Electro-Hydraulic Converter

Trip Oil
From MTV

Follow - up valves
IP Sec. Oil

0-10V Supply
from ATRS

Control Oil

Amplifier
Piston
Trim
Device

Trip Oil
From MTV

HG/EHG

INPUT

GOVERNER
OUTPUT 100%
DRAIN 0% OPEN
OR 100% CLOSE

HYD MINM
SELECTION

ORIFICE

GOVERNER
OUTPUT 0%
DRAIN 100% OPEN
OR 0% CLOSE

HYDRAULIC
MINIMUM
SELECTION

ELECTRO-HYD
GOVERNOR

HYDRAULIC
GOVERNOR

DRAIN-1
OUTPUT

DRAIN-2

THANKS GIVING

THANK YOU

END OF SHOW

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