From Cells to

Organisms
Organisation of Life

Lesson Objectives
1. Define: Cell, Tissue, organ, and
organ system (DK).
2. Describe types of tissue (DK)
3. Describe two types of organs (DK)
4. Create a flow chart illustrating
relationship between cells, tissues,
organs, systems and organisms (PK)

Levels of Organization
CellBasic

unit of structure and function in

organisms.
Some organisms, like bacteria and protists,
are unicellular (made entirely of one cell).
Some organisms, like fungi, plants, and
animals, are multicellular (made of many
cells).
In multicellular organisms, cells exhibit cell
specialisation. They take on specific jobs
and look different from each other.
The cells also exhibit division of labor. They
split up the work of the organism.

Levels of Organization
TissuesGroups

of similar cells that

work together to perform a specific
function.

4 major tissue types in animals

Epithelial

tissue
Connective tissue
Muscle tissue
Nervous tissue

Levels of Organization

Organsstructures made of different types

of tissues that work together to perform a
specific function.

Examples

Heart
Lungs
Stomach
Small intestine
Liver
Large Intestine
Gall Bladder
Plant Roots
Plant Stems
Plant Leaves

Levels of Organization
Organ

SystemsGroups of organs that

work together to perform a specific
function.

Examples:

Digestive system
Circulatory system
Respiratory system
Nervous system
Muscular system
Skeletal system
Integumentary system (skin)
Vascular system in plants

Levels of Organization
OrganismA

complete, individual living

thing.
Examples:

A
A
A
A

single
single
single
single

person
plant
bacterium
protist

Write your answers in complete

sentences
Q 1: A (tissue, organ, system) is a group of the same kinds of cells that
work together. Choose the right answer.
system
organ
tissue

Q 2: Some tissues and organs work together like the members of the
team. The parts that work together are called a _____________.
cell
system
group

Q 3: The mouth, teeth, tongue, stomach and intestines all work together.
Therefore they are called the important parts of __________________.
digestive system
circulatory system
muscular system

Q 4: Brain, heart and lungs are some of the important _______________ in a

body.
organs
tissues
cells
system

Q 5: Different tissues work together to form _________ .

cells
system
organs

Q 6: Different systems work together to form organs. True or false?

false
true

Organization of Vertebrate
Body
Tissues are groups of cells that are
similar in structure and function
In humans, there are four primary
tissues:
-Epithelial, connective, muscle
and nerve

11

Organization of Vertebrate
Body
Organs are combinations of different
tissues that form a structural and
functional unit
Organ systems are groups of organs that
cooperate to perform the major activities
of the body
-The human body contains 11 principal
organ systems
12

The 11 human body systems are as follows:

-- nervous system

-- integumentary system

-- respiratory system -- digestive system

The --11
Human Body
Systems
excretory system
-- skeletal system

-- muscular system

-- endocrine system -- reproductive system

-- lymphatic (immune) system

All

-- circulatory system

are extremely important because each system is responsible for a

specific cellular function, just on a much larger scale.

Organization of Human Body

NO Thank you!

14

Digestive
System
The organs or parts of
the body that work
together to break down
food into a smaller,
more useable form.

15

The Digestive System

Purpose: to dissolve food so it can be absorbed into the bloodstream
and used by the body
Major Organs and their Functions:
Mouth to chew and grind up food
-- saliva also begins to breakdown food into particles
Esophagus pipe connecting mouth to stomach
Stomach produces acid that breakdowns food.
Small Intestine Digested food moves through intestine by Villi.
The Villi absorbs nutrients and water from digested food.
Large Intestine removes water from the digested food and gets
the waste ready for excretion