CDMA

Link Budget
Elvira Maharani
2209100038
Iyoka Cininta 2209100082
Aji Hidayat 2209100158

Spesifikasi BTS

Mechanical Dimensions

Power Requirement and Consumtion

The maximum operating
power consumption for RBS
2206 is 3855 Watt (valid
for 120250 VAC)

Battery Backup
Battery backup is available in an external cabinet, BBS 2000, with
the same size as the RBS 2206 cabinet, providing up to 8 hours of
backup.

Power Supply Unit (PSU)

The PSU rectifies or converts the power supply voltage to regulated
system voltage, +24 VDC.
Distribution Switch Unit (DXU)
The DXU provides a system interface to the 2
Mbit/s or 1.5 Mbit/s link and cross connects
individual time slots to certain transceivers. The
DXU also extracts the synchronisation information
from the PCM link and generates a timing
reference for the RBS. The RBS 2206 is delivered
with one DXU-21 per cabinet It is equipped with
four transmission ports (E1/T1).
Internal Distribution Module (IDM)
The IDM handles the distribution and fusing of
the system voltage (+24 VDC) to the units in
the cabinet.

Double Transceiver Unit (dTRU)

The dTRU is a two-transceiver Replaceable
Unit. Enabling up to 12 TRXs per cabinet.
The dTRU supports different ciphering
standards. Either A5/1 or A5/2 can be used.
A hybrid combiner is included inside the
dTRU. The combiner can be used, optional,
together with CDU-G to increase the
number of TRXs per antenna.
Configuration Switch Unit (CXU)
The task of the CXU is to cross connect between the CDU and the
dTRU in the receiving path. The CXU makes it possible to expand or
reconfigure a cabinet with a minimum of moving or replacing RX
cables.

Combining and Distribution Unit (CDU)

The CDU combines the transmitted signals from the
transceivers and distributes the received signals.
Duplex filters are included in the CDU. A measuring
coupler, providing forward and reflected power
measurements for Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
(VSWR) calculations is located in the CDU.
Two different CDU types exist for GSM 900 and 1800
(CDU-F and CDU-G) and one CDU type for GSM 800
and GSM 1900 (CDU-G).
The duplex filters allows both receiver and
transmitter path connections to a common antenna.
The duplex configurations also minimise the number
of required feeders and antennas as well as the
combining loss in the transmission path.

AC/DC connection unit and DC filter

The ACCU/DCCU handles the distribution and connection of the
incoming power supply voltages 120-250 VAC (ACCU) or 48/-60
VDC (DCCU) to the PSUs. The DC filter handles the connection of
the incoming +24 VDC power supply and battery backup. Battery
backup is available together with 120-250 VAC supply voltage.
Fan Control Unit (FCU)
The FCU controls the fans in the cabinet. The climate handling in the
cabinet maintains the internal temperature range by controlling the
fans. The climate handling is controlled by the DXU via the FCU with
the aid of temperature sensors placed inside the RUs.
Tower Mounted Amplifier (TMA)
A Tower Mounted low noise Amplifier (TMA) is an option that can be
used in order to compensate for losses in the antenna feeder and to
improve the overall receiver performance.
Antenna Sharing Unit (ASU)
The Antenna Sharing Unit (ASU) is a new unit that is available as an
option for GSM 800 and GSM 1900. The ASU is intended to support
antenna sharing between TDMA 850 and GSM 800 or between TDMA
1900 and GSM 1900.

Feeder type

Antenna BTS menggunakan dual band RFS Antenna

Cable & Connector

Jumper
Jumper loss 0,5 dB, 1 kabel feeder butuh 2 jumper, total jumper loss = 1 dB

Mobile station

MS antenna gain = 0 dBi

Perhitungan traffic :
Asumsi intensitas traffic = 32 mE
GoS = 2%
Total penduduk = 20.000 orang
Jadi total traffic adalah
= 32 mE x 20.000 orang
= 640 Erlang
Dari tabel Erlang B untuk GoS 2 % dan 10,66 erlang membutuhkan 17 kanal,
maka apabila 640 erlang akan membutuhkan = 640 x 17 = 10880 kanal
Luas area / luas sel = 1,8 km2 / 21,56 km2
= 0,08 = 1 BTS
Sehingga dari total BTS urban = 1 BTS
Kapasitas kanal = 1 x 17 = 17 kanal
Untuk mencukupi kebutuhan 20000 pelanggan ,butuh 17 x 25 = 425 kanal

Path loss

MS TX power ( Pout MS ) = 33 dBm

MS RX Sensitivity ( MS sens ) = -104 dBm
MS Antena Gain ( GA MS ) = 0 dBi
BS Feeder loss ( Lf MS) = 4 dB / 100 m
BS RX Sensitivity ( BTS sens ) = -111 dBm
BS Antena Gain ( GA BTS) = 19 dBi
BS Diversity Gain ( Gd BTS) = 0 dB
BS Duplexer Loss (Ldupl BTS) = 0,3 dB
BS Conector Loss ( Lcon BTS) = 0,1 dB
BS TX Filter Loss ( Lfil BTS) = 2.3 dB
BS Combiner Loss ( Lcom BTS ) = 4 dB
BS Slant Loss ( Lslant BTS ) = 1,5 dB
RF Margin ( RFMargin ) = 3 dB
IF Margin ( IFMargin ) = 2 dB
LNF Margin ( LNFMargin ) = 3 dB
Body loss ( BL )= 5 dB

Anggaran daya dari base station (BS) ke mobile station (MS) atau downlink , di
definisikan sebagai berikut
Sedangkan anggaran daya dari MS ke BS atau uplink, di definisikan sebagai
berikut
Dimana :
Pbs = Daya antena BS (dBm)
Pms = Daya antena MS (dBm)
Gbs = Gain antena BS (dBm)
Gms = Gain antena MS (dBm)
Cbs = Pelemahan sinyal, kabel dan konektor pada antena BS (dB)
Cms= Pelemahan sinyal, kabel dan konektor pada antena MS (dB)
Rbs = Sinyal minimum yang masih bisa digunakan BS
Rms= Sinyal minimum yang masih bisa digunakan MS
Dalam perencanaannya uplink dan downlink diusahakan untuk selalu seimbang
agar interferensi yang terjadi minimal. Dalam sistem ini berlaku bahwa level
sinyal yang diterima MS sama dengan level sinyal yang diterima BS. Dengan
demikian rugi-rugi lintasan yang terjadi antara uplink dan downlik juga sama,
sehingga perencanaan jari-jari dari hasil rugi-rugi lintasan tersebut juga sama.
Apabila terjadi ketidakseimbangan antara level daya sinyal uplink dan downlink ,
level yang digunakan untuk penentuan jari-jari sel adalah uplink.

Bdown = 45,5 dBm + 19 dBi - (4 dB + 1 dB + 0,1 dB) - 10 dB + 0 dB

0 dB
= 49,4 dB
Bup
= 33 dBm + 0 dB (0 dB) 10 dB + 19 dBi - (4 dB + 1 dB
+ 0,1 dB)
= 36,9 dB
Poutbal = Poutms + Gdbts + Lsluntbts + MSsense - BTSsense
= 33 dBm + 0 dB + 1,5 dB 104 dBm + 111 dBm
= 41,5 dBm
EIRPbts= Poutbal Lduplbts Lfbts Lcombts + Gabts - Lsluntbts
= 41,5 dBm - 0,3 dB (4 dB + 1 dB + 0,1 dB) 4 dB + 19 dBi 1,5 dB
= 49,6 dBm

Site Planning Pathloss

Pada tahap ini target yang akan dicapai adalah memprediksi rugi-rugi propagasinya
berdasarkan model okumura-hatta. Jenis kota untuk koreksi tinggi antenna mobile
station yaitu small city dan area yang dipilih yaitu urban.
Propagasi
Hatta model
L path(urban) (dB) = 69,55 + 26,16.log(f) 13,83.log(htx) a(hrx)+(44.96.55.log(htx).log(rsel)
dimana
f
: frekuensi dalam MHz, dari 150 1500 MHz
htx : ketinggian antena pemancar efektif antara 30 200 m
hrx

: ketinggian antena penerima efektif antara 1 10 m

rsel

: jarak antara pemancar dan penerima dalam km

a(hrx)

: faktor koreksi ketinggian antena bergerak tergantung luas kota

dimana untuk kota kecil

a(hrx) = (1,1.log(f) 0,7) hrx (1,56.log(f) - 0,8) dB,
sedang kota besar :
a(hrx) = 8,29 (log(1,54 hre)2 1,1 dB, untuk fc < 300 MHz,
a(hrx) = 3,2 (log(11,75 hre)2 4,97 dB, untuk fc > 300 MHz,

L path(urban) = 69,55 + 26,16 log f - 13,83 log htx - a(hrx) + (44,9 - 6,55 log
htx)log rsel
= 69,55 + 26,16 log (800) -13,83 log 30 0,01 + (44,9 6,55
log 30)log 0,1
= 69,55 + 77,28 - 20,43 0,01 + (44,9 9,68) (-1)
= 91,17 dB

Rekonfigurasi Radio Sub system Design

Target yang ingin dicapai adalah

mendapatkan nilai radius sel yang diinginkan
sesuai dengan kebutuhan berdasarkan hasil
survey lapangan. Prinsipnya adalah
mengganti nilai-nilai yang dapat
mempengaruhi radius sel. Selain itu juga ada
metode downtilt untuk mered
Keseimbangan Uplink dan Down Link
Karena Bdown > Bup, maka tidak perlu
dilakukan rekonfigurasi.

Fading Margin

Assuming at least 75% area at the edge of the cell 90%

within the cell can reliably receive signal stronger than
-96,57dBm. Normal deviation is taken as 8dB.
From the chart, the probability at 0.675 is 75%.
0.675 x 8 = 5.4 dB
-96,57 + 5.4 = -91.17 dBm
The mean signal intensity m is designed as -91.17 dBm

Sensitivitas Mobile Station

Pout-Path Loss
41.5 dBm-91.17dB =-49.67dBm
Asumsikan kita menggunakan MS
power class 4 (handheld) dengan
sensitivitas -106.
Sensitivitas MS dengan -49.67 dBm
masih dapat menerima informasi dari
BTS, begitu pula sebaliknya.