Child Protection: Registered Charity No. 213890

Child Protection
www.savethechildren.org.uk
REGISTERED CHARITY NO. 213890
Child
A child means any person under the age
of 18, unless under the (national) law
applicable to the child, majority is attained
earlier (Convention on the Rights of the
Child, or CRC, Article1).
Child Protection
Measures and Structures to
1. Prevent
2. Respond to and
3. Resolve
Abuse
Neglect
Exploitation and
Violence
affecting children and experienced by children in all
settings
Abuse
Abuse
A deliberate act of ill treatment that can harm or is likely to
cause harm to a child's
safety
well-being
dignity and
development
Context
1. a relationship of responsibility, trust, or power such as someone who
has the care of the child including
parent(s),
legal guardian(s)
a teacher,
a community worker,
a babysitter or nanny etc.
2. committed by a stranger.
Abuse
Forms of Abuse
1. Physical
2. Emotional and Psychological
3. Sexual
Abuse
Physical Abuse
Causing actual or likely physical injury or suffering
Abuse
Forms of Physical Abuse

Hitting
Burning
Torture
Abuse
Emotional or psychological abuse

humiliating and degrading treatment
Abuse
Forms of Emotional or psychological abuse
bad name calling

constant criticism
persistent shaming
isolation
Abuse
Sexual Abuse
Abuse
Forms of Sexual Abuse
Incest
Early and forced marriage
Rape
Pornography
Sexual slavery
Indecent touching or exposure
Using sexually explicit language towards a child
Showing children pornographic material
Abuse
Pornography
Child pornography is any visual or audio material material depicting
sexual activity by children but may also include all images of nude
children
Going by this definition, the phenomenon is rare in Pakistan.
to fully understand it in the context of Pakistan, one has to enhance the

scope of its definition to include exposure of children to pornographic
material, also because it makes them vulnerable to abusers.
Abuse
Sexual slavery
-
forced prostitution
single-owner sexual slavery
ritual slavery, sometimes associated with
traditional religious practices
slavery for primarily non-sexual purposes where
- sex is common or permissible
Abuse
Neglect
Deliberate, OR through
Carelessness or negligence,
Failure to
provide OR secure children their rights
to physical safety and development which
results in significant impairment of the childs
health or development and to thrive emotionally
and socially
Neglect
Types of Neglect
Medical neglect,
Emotional neglect
Educational neglect
Social neglect
Physical neglect
Exploitation
Exploitation
Exploitation
the use of children for someone elses advantage,
gratification or profit often resulting in unjust, cruel and
harmful treatment of the child.
Two main forms of child exploitation are recognized:
Sexual Exploitation
Economic
Exploitation
Sexual exploitation
the abuse of a position for sexual purposes
vulnerability,
differential power, or
trust;
this includes profiting monetarily, socially or
politically from the exploitation of another as well as
personal sexual gratification.
Exploitation
Types of Sexual Exploitation

Child prostitution
Trafficking of children for sexual abuse and
exploitation
Child pornography
Sexual slavery
Exploitation
Economic exploitation of a child:

the use of the child in work orother activities for the economic
benefit of the State, the Community or the Family.
Examples
Child domestic work,
Child soldiers and the recruitment and involvement of children
in armed conflict,
child bondage,
use of children in criminal activities including the sale and
distribution of narcotics,
the involvement of children in any harmful or hazardous work.
Violence
Violence
Violence
all forms of physical or mental violence, injury and
abuse, neglect or negligent treatment, maltreatment
or exploitation, including sexual abuse
the intentional use of physical force or power,
threatened or actual, against a child, by an individual or
group, that either results in or has a high likelihood of
resulting in actual or potential harm to the childs
health, survival, development or dignity" WHO
Violence
by whom?
individuals
the State
groups and organisations
policies
Violence
WHO has identified 3 types of violence

1. Self directed violence
suicide and self mutilation.
2. Interpersonal violence:
All forms of physical, sexual and psychological abuse,
neglect and exploitation including domestic violence and
other forms of gender based violence.
3. Collective violence:
State violence primary forms of collective violence as
violence committed, condoned or allowed by the State
and its representatives.
Armed forces,
Law enforcement officers. security forces of all kinds
Violence committed by any other State agents.
Violence
collective violence would include

Violence resulting from internal & international
armed conflicts
Terrorism
Organized crime
Targeting specific groups of people such as
child infanticide
Honour killings
Gang violence
Violence
State violence against children include the use of
Death penalty
Torture
Forced displacement
Unlawful imprisonment
Extra-judicial killings and executions
Enforced disappearances
all forms of violence against children living in

institutions and
children in detention and penal facilities
Corporal or physical punishment (and the threat of it)

Hitting the child with the hand or with an object (such as a cane,
belt, whip, shoe, etc)
Kicking, shaking, or throwing the child,
Pinching or pulling their hair;
Forcing a child to stay in uncomfortable or undignified positions,
INCL to take excessive physical exercise; and
Burning or scarring the child.
Humiliating or Degrading Punishment
This takes various forms such as psychological punishment,
verbal abuse,
ridicule,
isolation,
ignoring the child.
Child Protection in Emergencies
Key CP programming
prioprities during emergencies
Family separation
Recruitment into armed forces or armed groups:
Exploitation and gender-based violence:
Physical Harm
Psychosocial distress
These categories constructed to facilitate work; in reality,

the issues are often cross-cutting and childrens
experiences overlap. Thus, practitioners need to focus on
each child in his or her entirety.
Key Terminologies of Child

Protection
Separated children are those separated from both

parents, or from their previous legal or customary primary
care-giver, but not necessarily from other relatives. These
may, therefore, include children accompanied by other
adult family members.
Unaccompanied children (also called unaccompanied
minors) are children who have been separated from both
parents and other relatives and are not being cared for by
an adult who, by law or custom, is responsible for doing so.
Orphans are children, both of whose parents are known to
be dead. In some countries, however, a child who has lost
one parent is called an orphan.
The best interests of the child

A childs opinion
Non-discrimination
The special needs of girls
Identification is the process of establishing which children

have been separated from their families or other care-givers,
and where they may be found.
Registration is the compilation of key personal data: full name,
date and place of birth, fathers and mothers name, former
address and present location. This information is collected for
the purpose of establishing the identity of the child, for
protection and to facilitate tracing.
Documentation is the process of recording further information
in order to meet the specific needs of the child, including
tracing, and to make plans for his or her future. This is a
continuation of the registration process and not a separate
undertaking.
Tracing, in the case of children, is the process of searching for family

members or primary legal or customary care-givers. The term also
refers to the search for children whose parents are looking for them.
The objective of tracing is reunification with parents or other close
relatives.
Verification is the process of establishing the validity of relationships
and confirming the willingness of the child and the family member to
be reunited.
Reunification is the process of bringing together the child and family
or previous care-provider for the purpose of establishing or reestablishing long-term care.
Follow-up is the term used to refer to a range of activities for
children and their families to facilitate their reintegration. These
activities may include social and economic support.
Confidentiality and protection of the data collected on

separated children is critical and all involved must be informed
of this principle.
Fostering refers to situations where children are cared for in
a household outside their family. Fostering is usually
understood to be a temporary arrangement and in most
cases, the birth parents retain their parental rights and
responsibilities.
Family based alternative care

(Includes : kinship care, foster care, adoption, kafalah, guardianship,
child headed households)
Can be permanent or temporary,
Community based alternative care

(Include supported independent living and community based foster
homes e.g. group homes, child headed households etc.)
Can be permanent or temporary,
Non-family based alternative care

institutional care ( CCI, govt homes (26) Temporary shelters,
specialized therapeutic residential care, jail, boarding??)

Child Protection: Registered Charity No. 213890

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Child Protection: Registered Charity No. 213890

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Child Protection

Forms of Physical Abuse

Emotional or psychological abuse

Forms of Emotional or psychological abuse

bad name calling

Forms of Sexual Abuse

Going by this definition, the phenomenon is rare in Pakistan.

to fully understand it in the context of Pakistan, one has to enhance the

- sex is common or permissible

Types of Sexual Exploitation

Economic exploitation of a child:

WHO has identified 3 types of violence

collective violence would include

State violence against children include the use of

all forms of violence against children living in

Corporal or physical punishment (and the threat of it)

Child Protection in Emergencies

These categories constructed to facilitate work; in reality,

Key Terminologies of Child

Separated children are those separated from both

The best interests of the child

Identification is the process of establishing which children

Tracing, in the case of children, is the process of searching for family

Confidentiality and protection of the data collected on

Family based alternative care

Community based alternative care

Non-family based alternative care

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