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Induction
Sep 26, 2016
Electromagnetic Induction
Voltage is induced whether the magnetic field of a
magnet moves near a stationary conductor or
the conductor moves in a stationary magnetic
field.
Magnetic Recording
Write data by magnetizing
recording media (e.g.,
video tape, hard disk)
using electromagnets.
Data is read back using the
induced current produced
when magnetized media
moves past receiver coils
(reverse of writing data).
Sep 26, 2016
Hard disk
Electric Generator
Electric generator moves a conductor in a
magnetic field to produce voltage via
electromagnetic induction
DC Output
S
H
A
F
T
Magnet
Magnet
Coils
More difficult to
push the magnet
into a coil with
more loops
because the
magnetic field of
each current loop
resists the motion
of the magnet.
Faradays Law
The induced voltage in a coil is proportional to the
product of the number of loops and rate at which
the magnetic field changes within the loops.
Small
Voltage
Medium
Voltage
Large
Voltage
Oscillating
Magnetic
Field
ElectroMagnet
Connect to
alternating
current (AC)
Current out
Current in
Electro-magnets
Current
Electromagnet
mounted on a
shaft with
opposing magnets
on each side.
Current direction
always such that
electromagnet is
repelled, causing
shaft to turn.
Battery
Magnet
Magnet
Rotor
Spins
Self-Induction
When a current is
induced by a
changing magnetic
field, that current
itself produces its
own magnetic field.
This effect is called
self-induction.
Sep 26, 2016
Current
Self-Induced
Magnetic Field
Metal ring is
levitated by
self-induced
secondary
magnetic field
ElectroMagnet
Connect to
alternating
current (AC)
Oscillating
Magnetic
Field
Check Yourself
Does the ring levitate if we connect
the electromagnet to direct
current (e.g., to a battery)?
Does the ring levitate if it has a
gap?
ElectroMagnet
Check Yourself
Hold the ring down on the shaft and it
starts to get hot. Why?
Oscillating
Magnetic
Field
ElectroMagnet
Connect to
alternating
current (AC)
Sep 26, 2016
Eddy Currents
Changing magnetic field
induces eddy currents
within any conductor.
These internal currents
produce self-induced
magnetic fields, which
by Lenzs law are in
opposition of the
primary magnetic field.
Sep 26, 2016
Eddy
Currents
Self-Induced
Magnetic Field
Metal Detectors
Can detect the presence of
metals by using a
transmitter coil to create
an oscillating primary
magnetic field.
This creates a secondary
magnetic field due to eddy
currents in the metal.
Can detect this secondary
magnetic field by using a
receiver coil.
Sep 26, 2016