Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Fisiologi Sistem
Persarafan
Emmy E S
Bagian Ilmu Penyakit Saraf
R S Tk II dr.Soepraoen
Malang
Fisiologi:
_Susunan saraf somatik:
Mensarafi struktur-struktur dinding
tubuh (otot, kulit, membrana mukosa).
Cerebrum &
Cerebellum
( sagittal section)
Brainstem
Gambar 3
(8 pasang).
(12 pasang).
(5 pasang).
(5 pasang).
(1 pasang).
dilindungi oleh:
Tulang (kranium dan
vertebrae).
Selaput otak (meningen).
Ruang subaraknoid yang
berisi cairan (likwor)
serebrospinalis.
1.
2.
3.
Duramater
Arachnoid
Piamater
2 layers
Piamater
Arachnoid
1 layer
Duramate
r
Rupture of A.meningealis
A torn dural venous sinus Epidural hematoma
Bleeding due to the tearning of a vein as it enters sinus
duramater Subdural hematoma
Subarachnoid space :
Skin
Connective Tissue
Aponeurosis
Loose Connective
Tissue
Periost
EPIDURAL
SPACE
DURAMATER
SUBDURAL
SPACE
BRAIN
ARACHNOIDMATER
SUBARACHNOID
SPACE
Bony Layers
Membranous
Layers
Resume
(Meninges)
PIAMATER
SISTEM VENTRIKEL
LIKWOR
SEREBROSPINALIS
Terdapat
VASKULARISASI
Otak:
-2 pasang A.Carotis:
A.Cerebri Media
A.Cerebri Anterior
- 1 pasang A. Vertebralis:
A.C Posterior
A.Basilaris
Medula spinalis
A.Vertebralis
Circle of Willis
Cerebral
Anterior,
Middle, and
Posterior
Arteries
Sinus Duramater
( Blood Venous
Sinuses )
Sinus
Cavernosus
CEREBRUM
Terdiri dari dua hemisfer (kiri dan kanan )
Dihubungkan oleh Corpus Callosum
Terbentuk dari:
-Telencefalon/korteks lobus :
frontalis ,temporalis ,parietalis ,oksipitalis
-Diensefalon/subkorteks
-Thalamus
-Basal Ganglia :
nukleus kaudatus ,putamen ,globus palidus
Cerebral Cortex
The cerebral cortex is a
structure
within the brain that plays a
key role in memory, attention,
perceptual awareness, thought,
language,
Cerebral
cortex
Cortex Cerebri
Gyrus Precentralis
Subcortex
Mesencephalon
Pons
Medulla Oblongata
Medulla spinalis
Funiculus Lateralis
Cornu anterior
Nervi Spinalis
10-30% no crossin
Fun.ventralis
CEREBELLUM
1.
2.
3.
4.
Brainstem &
Cerbellum
Mesencephalon
Pons
Medulla
Oblongata
Cerebellum
Brainstem :
Medulla Oblongata
Nc. Gracilis
Nc. Cuneatus
BC
BP
Pons :
Nc. Pontis
Mesencephalon :
Nc. ruber
Kiri-kanan midline :
Formatio reticularis
CR
MO
Cerebellum :
Substantia Grisea :
Sel Purkinje
BC : Brachium Conjunctivum
BP : Brachium Pontis
CR : Corpora restiforme
Substantia alba :
Nc.dentatus
The Function fo
Brainstem
1. Mesencephalon :
N.III
2. MesencephalonPons : N.IV
3. Pons : N V,VI,VII,
VIII
4. Medulla Oblongata :
IX,X,XI
5. C1-Spinal Cord : N.
XI
N. Oculomotorius
III
N. Trochlearis IV
N. Trigeminus V
N. Facialis VII
N. Vestibulocochlearis VIII
Nc. Salivatorius Sup & Inf )
VII - IX
N. Abducens VI
N. Glossopharyngeus IX
N. Hipoglossus XII
N. Vagus X
N. Accessorius
XI
Nc. Ambiquus X
MEDULA SPINALIS
SEGMENTAL STRUCTURE OF
THE SPINAL CORD
Spinal Nerves
arise
from the Cord
Light Touch :
Visceral Pain :
Tractus Pyramidalis :
1. Tractus corticospinalis
2. Tractus corticobulbaris
Tractus Extrapyramidalis :
1. Tractus reticulospinalis
2. Tractus rubrospinalis
3. Tractus tectspinalis
4. Tractus vestibulospinalis
5. Tractus olivospinalis
3. Tractus Intersegmentalis
Fasciculus Proprius
Nc. dorsalisClarke
Columna lateralis
Cornu Anterior
Neuron sensorik
Neuron motorik
Medulla Oblongata :
Nc. Gracilis
nc. Cuneatus
Columna / Fun. Dorsalis :
Fun.Cuneatus / Burdach
Fun. Gracilis / Goll
Tractus sensorik
N. Spinalis sensorik
Columna /
Fun. lateralis
Nc.dorsalis Clarke
Columna /
Fun anterior
SARAF-SARAF SPINAL
1.
2.
3.
SENSORY CENTER
MOTOR CENTER
CNS
Neuron afferens / sensoric
Receptor
PNS
PNS
Effector
1
Periphere /The Body
PNS
Visceral
Receptors
Special Senses
Body Organs
Visceral
Receptors
Special Senses
Body Organs
CNS
CEREBRU
M
Cortex
Subcortex
Cra
ni
al
Ne
rv e
s
Sen
sor
i
cn
eur
o ne
s
Moto
ric n
euro
nes
BRAINSTEM
Peripheral
Receptors
Striated
Muscles
Submucous
Skin
Peripheral
Effectors
Striated
Muscles
Submucous
Skin
Mesencephalon
Pons
Medulla
Oblongata
Per
her ip
N e al
r ve
s
BRAIN
CEREBELLU
M
Cortex
Subcortex
Sensoric
neurones
ones
r
u
e
n
c
Motori
SPINAL
CORD
Receptor:
Exoreceptor Skin
Pain
Temperature
Touch
Tactile
Enteroceptor Mucous Membrane
Proprioceptor Muscle
Effector :
End organ Viscera
Motor end-plate Muscle
Nervus :
sensoric/ afferens
Motoric/efferens
Tractus :
sensoric/ ascending
Motoric / descending
Ganglion & Nucleus
Reseptor
Nervus
Aferen
CNS
Ganglion
Nucleus
Tractus
Nervus
eferen
Efektor
Subcortex :
Basal Ganglia
Thalamus
NUCLEUS
SUBCORTICALIS :
1. Ganglia Basalis :
Corpus striatum:
Nc. Lentiformis :
Putamen
Globus
Pallidus
Nc. Caudatus
Corpora amygdalae
Cortex Cerebri
Medulla
C
P
A
Ganglia
Basalis
D
2. Thalamus :
Nc. Thalamicus
Thalamus
TRACTUS :
P : Projection Pathway
A : Association Pathway
Basal Ganglia
Function:
Controls Cognition
Movement Coordination
Voluntary Movement
Location:
The basal ganglia is located deep within
the cerebral hemispheres in the
telencephalon region of the brain.
It consists of : 1. Putamen, 2. Nucleus caudatus
3. Globus Pallidus, and 4. Thalamus
Limbic System
The Center for Emotion
The limbic system (or Paleomammalian brain) is a set of
brain structures including the hippocampus, amygdala,
anterior thalamic nuclei, and limbic cortex,
Thalamus
form most of the lateral walls of the
third ventricle. It plays an integral
part in relaying sensory information
from the sense organs to the
cerebral cortex
TERIMA
KASIH