UMTS RNP and RNO introduction

ISSUE 1.0

Wireless Curriculum Development Section

Objectives

Upon

completion of this course,you will be able to:

Have the general idea about the

RNP and RNO;

To know the typical RNP and

RNO procedure;

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Course Contents
Brief Introduction
Dimensioning
Nominal planning
Cell planning
Optimization

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Brief Introduction

Importance of RNP and RNO

Radio Access network is more expensive than others

Different area has different radio environment and

customized solution is needed

Relationship between RNP and RNO

RNP take responsible for pre-sale period

RNO take responsible for post-sale period

RNP is more important than RNO

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Target of RNP
Coverage

Achieve the required radio coverage with specified probability

Capacity

Meet the capacity requirements with acceptable block/delay

Quality

Reach good QoS by linking the capacity and coverage

Cost

Minimized the overall cost of the network

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Target of RNO
Achieve

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DT KPI

Achieve

Stationary KPI

Target of RNO
Achieve

Statistics KPI
Test Item

Reference

Call Setup Success Rate

95.00%

Call Drop Rate of CS Sigalling Plane

1.00%

Call Drop Rate of PS Sigalling Plane

1.00%

Call Drop Rate of CS User Plane

1.00%

Call Drop Rate of PS User Plane

1.00%

Signalling Congestion Rate

2.00%

Soft Handover Success Rate

98.00%

SHO_SUCC_RATE

98.00%

Soft Handover Factor(<50%)

50.00%

Softer Handover Success Rate

98.00%

InterRAT Handover Success Rate

80.00%

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Typical Procedure of RNP and RNO (1)

Main Task

Sub-task
maps (aero, digital, paper)

Preparation

morphology character survey

definition of coverage objectives
Geo database acquisition

Geo database check

Geo database validation

Geo database modification
integration in the planning tool
measurement sites definition (position, height, etc..)
measurement sites acquisition

CW measurements
campaign

definition of drive route

Measurements (preparation, field test)
CW measurement post processing (filtering and averaging,
report)

Propagation model
calibration
CW indoor measurements

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propagation model calibration

performance assessment
CW indoor measurements

Typical Procedure of RNP and RNO (2)

Main Task

Sub-task
definition of link budget
set up of new project in planning tool
definition of coverage thresholds for each RB
detailed analysis of the planning zone

pre-engineering

dimensioning
setup of the site naming convention
availability of friendly sites
integration of friendly sites in the project
Nominal planning
definition and issue of search rings
site survey
complete search document
start of site acquisition
first set of candidates returned from acquisition

RF Engineering

ranking of candidates
site visits
check of drawings
3g simulation for clusters

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final RNP report export

Typical Procedure of RNP and RNO (3)

Main Task
Parameter Planning

Sub-task
SC planning
system and cell parameter planning, RNP related
Scheme for Optimization
Drive Test
Drive Test Analysis
External Interference Measurement
Traffic Statistics Analysis
Worst Cell Analysis

Optimization

Alarm Analysis
CDD Analysis
CDD Adjustment
Subscriber Complaint Analysis
H/W Configuration Changes
Optimization Result Confirm
Reports and Documentation

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Course Contents
Brief Introduction
Dimensioning
Nominal planning
Cell planning
Optimization

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Dimensioning

The purpose of dimensioning is basically to give an

evaluation of the number of sites required in the planning
zone in order to reach the performances and capacity
objectives for each service to be deployed.

In this phase, the RF tool is usually not available, neither

the terrain and nor the clutter databases.

Dimensioning tools can help us to decide the location of

sites, but not accurate enough comparing with RF
planning tools.

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Assumptions for Dimensioning

The assumptions for dimensioning are usually:

The planning area is covered with a hexagonal grid for each morphology.

For roads, there is no hexagonal grid, but the approach takes into account
cells face to face. Usually the length of the roads is divided by twice the cell range
to find the required number of cells.

The cell range is defined for each morphology or for the roads by the link
budget of the limiting service in this morphology (service with the smallest cell
range)

The different morphologies generally considered are dense urban, urban,

suburban and rural.

Normally, no tuned propagation model being available in this phase, the

standard propagation model like COST231 Hata is generally used

The sites are not positioned, only a global number of sites is given

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Dimensioning Chart Flow

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Dimensioning Example: Output Results

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Course Contents
Brief Introduction
Dimensioning
Nominal planning
Cell planning
Optimization

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Nominal Planning

Nominal planning is more detailed planning based on

dimensioning results.

In the nominal planning, all sites are positioned accurately

in the RF planning tool. The output is the nominal plan and
the theoretical specification for each site. Nominal planning
is also called pre-engineering phase and pre-design phase.

From the specification of theoretical sites, a search zone

will be defined and used as the input for site search.

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Nominal Planning Chart Flow

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Initial site choice

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Constraints on site choice

Performances objectives
The performance objectives are issued by the marketing. Together
with the terrain and clutter characteristics, they will determine the
inter site distance and antenna height.

Antenna Height
For each clutter, the RF planners must have an idea of the average
clutter height so that the nominal sites antenna heights can be fixed..

Friendly sites
The use of friendly sites is the main constraint . These sites may are
mainly from the re-use of 2nd generation sites, or by the need to
shorten the deployment time line (e.g. by signing frame agreements
with large real estate holders).

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Simulation Mechanism

Coverage Probability Calculation

100%

20%

60%

100%

0%

75%

60%

40%

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Search Zone Definition

Search

zone in dense urban, urban, sub-urban

Sites

are placed at the nodes of a hexagonal grid. The grid

must be adapted to the terrain and clutter of the area.

Theoretical

search ring radius: r R d

Where

12

R is the cell range and d is the inter site distance as

defined below:
d

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Theoretical site specification

The

theoretical site specification is output during or at the end of the preengineering phase. This, together with a search ring defined for each
theoretical site, is the input to site acquisition.

Examples

for the Theoretical site specification:

Date of creation of the theoretical site, name of RF planner

Name of site (naming convention to be defined for the project)

Code of site (coding convention to be defined for the project)

Type of site: New site or Existing site (friendly site)

Address of the site if any and Theoretical site coordinates

Antenna: Heights, theoretical azimuths, type of antenna, length, width,

number of antenna per azimuth.

Coverage objective of the site in words: this, together with the map of
coverage, will help site acquisition to understand the objectives of the site.

The required room for the equipment (height, area on the ground, etc)

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Course Contents
Brief Introduction
Dimensioning
Nominal planning
Cell planning
Optimization

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Cell Planning

The final RNP related cell engineering parameters and

reports are the export of cell planning. To achieve this:
Firstly, we have to do site survey according to the nominal planning results

(search ring and Theoretical site specification) and verify and rank for each
sites.
Secondly, the confirmed sites should also be verified by simulation, to

check they satisfy the network targets or not.

Finally, export the final report and results. This report will guide the

engineering construction.

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Cell Planning Chart Flow

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Site search
Once

a candidate site has been spot, the site acquisition should

gather all the information that will be required for thorough

evaluation of the candidate site and finally the ranking of the
candidate.

The

criteria for evaluation are mainly:

RF

related (coverage & interference)

Deployment

(technical work required by the site, access to the site,

lightning protection, etc..)

Cost

of the site

Probability

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of obtaining all the required authorizations for the site

Candidate ranking
The

following criteria will be taken into account:

RF

ranking: coverage and interference ranking is the most important.

The site should cover the objective it is designed for and at the same time
interfere as little as possible with the other sites. For example, contrarily
to GSM, high-rise candidate sites for UTRAN will be systematically
rejected in order not to impair the traffic capacity.
Deployment

ranking: several criteria linked to the practical sites

deployment will have to be taken into account:

Site sharing
Room for equipment: BTS, antenna
Availability of energy supply and leased line
Negotiation aspect: what is the probability to obtain the lease for the site
Environmental aspects: what is the probability to obtain the agreement from
the environmental authorities
Total cost of the site

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Site Validation
Choice
RF:

of candidate
ideally the best candidate should be chosen.

Negotiation:

the site chosen must be negotiable for an acceptable price

lease or buyable for a reasonable price and this, in a delay compatible

with the project.
Final

choice: the validation of the chosen candidate site will be final

after the technical visit.

Technical
The

visit

purpose of the technical visit is to grant the final validation for the

candidate site. During this visit, the conformity of the site will be checked
and the work to be done on the site evaluated.
This

visit is the final step before the site is build, so it must be accurate.

The

output of this technical visit will be a technical document giving

detailed information on the work to be carried out on the site. This

document will be the base to prepare the work planning on the site.

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Course Contents
Brief Introduction
Dimensioning
Nominal planning
Cell planning
Optimization

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Optimization

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Optimization

Single site verification

The first phase of optimization involves functionality verification of

every new site.

The objectives of the single site verification are to ensure there are

no faults related to site installation or parameter settings.

s ingle s ite
verification tes t

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Optimization

RF optimization
Once all the sites in a given area are integrated and verified, RF

(or Cluster) optimization could begin.

This refers to the main phase of optimization which aims at

optimizing coverage while in the same time keeping interference

and pilot pollution under control over the target area.
This phase also includes the verification and optimization of the

3G neighbor lists.

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Optimization

Services Testing & Parameter Optimization

The different services should be field tested in order to assess the

performance and identify any need for specific parameter

optimization.
This testing should normally be conducted in areas of good RF

conditions in order to exclude any coverage issues. Such testing

does not need to be performed for each cell but the drive route
must include different clutter types and environments.

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Optimization

Regular Reference Route Testing & Stats Analysis:

Constant monitoring and evaluation of the network performance

will be required in order to identify any new issues that could

arise, for example, as a result of increase in traffic or changes in
the environment.
Such monitoring can be based on field testing as well as network

stats analysis. Stats analysis could include, among others, various

triggers that indicate the need for network upgrade and expansion.
Results of the regular analysis may necessitate re-visits to the RF

optimisation and/or parameters tuning.

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