Professional Documents
Culture Documents
MODULE 2 :
CONCEPT OF ILLNESS
AND DISEASE
The mode of
beinghealthyincludes, as
defined by
theWHO.Developmental
disabilityis a term used to
describe severe, life-long
disabilities attributable to
Developmental disabilityis a
term used to describe
severe, life-long disabilities
attributable to mental
and/or physical
impairments.
QUESTION:
What is the difference
between ILLNESS and
DISEASE?
Definition of Terms:
ILLNESS
Is a personal state in which the
person feels unhealthy.
Definition of Terms:
DISEASE
Disturbance of structure or of
function of the body or its
constituent parts or a shortening
of the normal life span.
Definition of Terms:
HEALTH
State of complete physical,
mental, social well-being, not
merely the absence of disease or
infirmity.
Definition of Terms:
MORTALITY
Condition or quality of being
subject to death.
Definition of Terms:
SYNDROME
A set of symptoms, the sum of
which constitutes a disease.
Definition of Terms:
PATHOLOGY
Branch of medicine which deals
with the cause, nature, treatment
and resultant structural and
functional changes of disease.
Definition of Terms:
PROGNOSIS
The act or art of foretelling the
course of the disease. The
prospect of survival and recovery
from a disease.
Definition of Terms:
INJURY
Hurt, damage, or loss sustained.
Definition of Terms:
MORBIDITY
Condition of being diseased.
Definition of Terms:
HOMEOSTASIS
The maintenance of relatively
stable internal physiological
conditions
Definition of Terms:
INFLAMMATION
A local response to cellular injury
Definition of Terms:
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Physiology of abnormal state.
Definition of Terms:
ETIOLOGIC AGENT
One that possesses the potential
for producing injury or disease.
Definition of Terms:
SIGN
An objective symptom or
objective evidence or physical
manifestation.
Definition of Terms:
SYMPTOM
Any disorder of appearance,
sensation or function
experienced by the patient
indicative of a certain phase of a
RISK
FACTORS
OF A
1. GENETIC AND
PHYSIOLOGICAL
2. AGE
3. ENVIRONMENT
4. LIFESTYLE
PRECURSORS
OF ILLNESS
Precursor of Illness:
1.Heredity
2.Behavioural Factors
3.Environmental
Factors
COMMON CAUSE
OF DISEASE
1. Biologic Agent
2. Inherited Genetic
Defects
3. Development Defects
4. Physical Agent
5. Chemical Agents
6. Tissue response to
irritation/injury
7. Faulty
chemical/metabolic
process
8. Emotional/Physical
STAGES OF
ILLNESS
Stages of Illness:
1. SYMPTOM EXPERIENCE
-. Transition stage
-. The person believes
something is wrong
-. Experience some
symptoms
-. 3 Aspects:
Stages of Illness:
a. Physical
b. Cognitive
c. Emotional
Stages of Illness:
2. ASSUMPTION OF THE
SICK ROLE
- Acceptance of the
illness
- Seeks advice, support
for decision to give up
some activities.
Stages of Illness:
2. ASSUMPTION OF THE
SICK ROLE
Four Aspect of Sick Role:
1. Cx are not responsible for
their condition.
2. Cx are excused from
certain social roles and tasks.
Stages of Illness:
2. ASSUMPTION OF THE
SICK ROLE
Four Aspect of Sick Role:
3. Cx are obliged to try to get
well as quickly as possible.
4. Cx or their families are
obliged to seek competent
Stages of Illness:
2. ASSUMPTION OF THE
SICK ROLE
3 Distinct criteria to
determine if a person is
ill:
1. Presence of symptoms
Stages of Illness:
Stages of Illness:
4. DEPENDENT PATIENT
ROLE
- client dependent on the
health professional for
help.
Stages of Illness:
5.
-
RECOVERY/REHABILITATI
ON
client dependent on the
health professional for
help.
CLASSIFICAT
ION OF
DISEASES
Classification of a Disease:
1. ACCORDING TO ETIOLOGIC
FACTORS
- Hereditary - Allergic
- Congenital - Neoplastic
- Metabolic - Idiopathic
- Deficiency - Degenerative
- Traumatic - Iatrogenic
Classification of a Disease:
2. ACCORDING TO DURATION
OR ONSET
a. ACUTE ILLNESS
- short duration or appear
abruptly and subside after
relatively short period.
Classification of a Disease:
2. ACCORDING TO DURATION
OR ONSET
b. CHRONIC ILLNESS
- slow onset. Persist
usually longer than 6
months.
Characterized by:
Classification of a Disease:
2. ACCORDING TO DURATION
OR ONSET
b. SUB-ACUTE
- symptoms are
pronounced but more
prolonged than in acute
disease
Classification of a Disease:
a. Organic
b. Functional
c. Occupational
d. Familial
e. Venereal
Classification of a Disease:
f. Epidemic
g. Endemic
h. Pandemic
i. Sporadic
EFFECTS OF
ILLNESS
Effects of Illness:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Privacy
Autonomy
Financial Burden
Life-style
Family and Significant
others
Effects of Illness:
Effects of Illness:
Effects of Illness:
LEVELS OF
PREVENTION
Levels of Prevention:
1. PRIMARY PREVENTION
-
quit smoking
avoid/limit alcohol intake
exercise regularly
complete immunization
maintain ideal body weight
Levels of Prevention:
2. SECONDARY PREVENTION
- sputum examination
- rectal examination
- annual physical examination
- monthly BSE for women who
are 20 y/o and above.
Levels of Prevention:
3. TERTIARY PREVENTION
- self-monitoring of blood
glucose among diabetics
- PT after CVA
- Undergoing speech therapy
after laryngectomy
TYPES OF
HEALTH
PROMOTION
1. INFORMATION
DISSEMINATION
- use of variety of media to
offer information to the public
about the particular lifestyle.
4. WORKSITE WELLNESS
PROGRAMS
- include programs that serve
the needs of persons in their
workplace.
5. ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL
PROGRAMS