05 Proses Stabilisasi Limbah B3 MT Sutena-Syarif Hidayat

Member of the Modern Asia Environmental Group
PT. PRASADHA PAMUNAH LIMBAH INDUSTRI
Integrated Environmental Waste Management Services
PROSES STABILISASI/FIKSASI
DALAM PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH B3
Returning the Environment to the People of Indonesia
www.wmi-indonesia.com
Klasifikasi Limbah B3
Peraturan Pemerintah No. 18 Tahun 1999
Peraturan Pemerintah No.85 Tahun 1999
Berdasarkan karakteristik
Berdasarkan asal/sumber limbah :

Lampiran-1 : Tabel-1, Tabel-2 dan Tabel-3
Karakteristik Limbah B3
Mudah meledak
Mudah terbakar
Reaktif
Korosif
Menyebabkan infeksi
Beracun-uji TCLP
Beracun-toksikologi akut
Beracun-toksikologi kronis
(organik peroksida)
(flash point <60oC)
(sulfide, cyanide, ammonia bearing)
(pH <2 atau pH>12,5)
(clinical waste)
(Lampiran-2)
(LD50<50mg/kg BB)
(Lampiran-3)
Diagram Alir Karakteristerisasi Limbah B3
LIMBAH
TDK
TDK
KOROSIF
YA
LAMPIRAN-1
PP-18/99 :
- TABEL-1
- TABEL-2
- TABEL-3
REAKTIF
YA
MUDAH
TERBAKAR
MUDAH
MELEDAK
INFEKSI
YA
YA
YA
YA
BERSIFAT
RACUN
(TCLP)
YA
BERSIFAT
RACUN AKUT
(LD50)
YA
BERSIFAT
RACUN KRONIS
(LAMPIRAN-3)
LIMBAH
NON-B3
YA
LIMBAH
B3
Leaching Flow Diagram

RAIN (ACID)
WELL
WASTE
(Hg, Cr)
RIVER
SEA
LAKE
Hg, Cr
Hg, Cr
GROUNDWATER
Hg, Cr
Illegal Disposal of B3 Hazardous Industrial Waste
Illegal Disposal of B3 Hazardous Industrial Waste
BERACUN: Ratusan drum bahan beracun yang sangat

berbahaya ditemukan polisi dan warga di Desa Gunung
Putri Kecamatan Gunung Putri Kabupaten Bogor,
kemarin (kanan). Tampak petugas PPLi memperlihatkan
sampel bahan beracun yang diambil dari drum.
Government MSW Landfills

Bantar Gebang
Cipayung Landfill Depok
Bogor
Government Landfill Batam
Government Landfills Medan North Sumatera

Namo Bintang
Terjun
Government Benowo Landfill Surabaya
Government Landfill Balikpapan East Kalimantan
Hirarki Pengelolaan Limbah B3
Generation
Waste
minimization/
reduction
3-Rs
Recovery, Reuse, Recycling
Treatment
Destruction
Reduction : Mobility, Toxicity, Volume
Disposal
Storage, Landfill

Keputusan Kepala BAPEDAL No. KEP-03/BAPEDAL/09/1995
Tentang Persyaratan Teknis Pengolahan Limbah B3
Pengolahan Limbah B3
Proses Stabilisasi/Solidifikasi
Physical Treatment
Distillation and stripping

Drying and evaporation
Extraction
Membrane processes
- Reverse osmosis
- Hyperfiltration/ultrafiltration
Phase separations
- Filtration
- Sedimentation
- Decanting of dewatering
Sorption
Chemical Treatment
- Acid/base neutralization
- Electrolysis
- Extraction and leaching
- Ion Exchange
- Oxidation/reduction (Redox)
- Photlytic reactions
- Precipitation and floculation
- Thermal processes
Incineration
Pyrolysis
Gasification
Biological Treatment
- Biodegradation
- Vegetation (phytoremediation)
Imobilisasi Limbah B3
Target/Sasaran
Proses Stabilization/Solidification (S/S)
Destruction of Toxicity
Reduction of Toxicity
- Conversion of pollutant into less toxic form
- Decrease in waste surface area
- Reduction of pollutant mobility
Formation of Solid Mass with No Free Liquid
Improvement in Handling and Physical Characteristics of Waste
Mekanisme
Proses Stabilization/Solidification (S/S)
Chemical Mechanism
Acid/base neutralization
Chelation
Complexation
Oxidation/reduction (Redox)
Precipitation
Hydroxides
Silicates
Sulfides
- Chemisorption
- Extraction
- Ion Exchange
Mekanisme
Proses Stabilization/Solidification
Physical Mechanisms
- Physisortption
- Encapsulation
Microencapsulation
Macroencapsulation
Embedment
Proses Stabilisasi
Proses reaksi kimia/fisika :
pH control
redox potential control
precipitation (carbonate, sulfide, silicate)
adsorption
chemisorption
passivation
ion exchange
diadochy
reprecipitation
encapsulation (micro & macro-encapsulation)
Proses Stabilisasi
Contoh reaksi presipitasi : stabilisasi polutan Hg dan Cr
Hg++ + S=
HgS
Cr6+ + 3 e
Cr3+ + 3 OH-
Cr3+
Cr(OH)3
Tahapan proses kimia/fisika sangat kompleks, namun operasi

sederhana
Produk stabilisasi merupakan suatu ikatan massa monolit

dengan struktur yang masif
TCLP = Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure

Ekstrasi secara dinamik selama 18 jam oleh pelarut buffer
pada pH tertentu (US-EPA Method No. 1311)
Solidification
- Cement-base processes
Cement
Cement/fly ash
Cement kiln dust
- Lime-based processes
Lime/fly ash
- Thermalplastic processes
- Macroencapsulation (Jacketing)
- Sorption
Activated Carbon, Clay, Fly Ash,
Lime kiln dust, Soil, Zeolite
- Vitrification (Glassification)
Key Factors
Characteristics of Waste
- Chemicals properties
Composition and concentration
Alkalinity/acidity
Redox potential
Solubility
- Physical properties
State (liquid, sludge or solid)
Particle size, shape, and distribution
Solid content
Viscosity
Characteristics of Binders
Mode of Processing
Curing
Types Of Stabilization/Solidification Binders
Cement-based Binders
- Portland cement, Cement/fly ash, Cement kiln dust, Natural and artificial
pozzolans
Lime/Limestone/Quicklime
- Lie/fly ash, Lime kiln dust
Absorbents
- Activated Carbon, Clay (Hydro-and organo-philic clay)
- Fly ash, Zeolite
Thermoplastic Materials
- Asphalt (Bitumen), Paraffin, Polyethylene
Thermosetting Polymers
- Polybutadiene
- Poly (urea-formaldehyde)
- Poly (vinyl ester-styrene)
Additives
Activated Carbon
Emulsifiers and Surfactants
Lime, Fly ash, and Kiln Dust
Oxidants
Reducing Agents
Selected Clays
Soluble Silicates
Stabilization/Solidification Process
Treatability Test
Stabilization/Solidification Process
Performance Test
Keputusan Kepala BAPEDAL No. Kep03/BAPEDAL/09/195
Criteria : TCLP test, Compressive strength test

min. 10 ton/m2), paint filter test
Stabilization Process
Landfill Process
Secure Landfill Class I construction standard US-EPA (United

States Environmental Protection Agency) AND Head of
BAPEDAL Decree No.Kep-4/BAPEDAL/09/1995
Guaranteed Closure and Post Closure Funds for waste disposal

at secure landfill for 30 years
Mandatory monitoring for : groundwater, surface water, air

quality, effluent discharge
Class I Landfill Schematic
Class I Landfill Liner Systems
Landfill Cross Section

BASE LINER SYSTEM
Landfill Cross Section

CAPPING SYSTEM
Class 2 Landfill Construction
Class 2 Landfill Construction
Class 2 Landfill Operations 2008
Secure Class I Landfill Area 2008
Thank You
Contact us for ALL your waste management needs:

Jl. Raya Narogong, Desa Nambo, PO Box 18 Cileungsi, Bogor 16820, INDONESIA
Tel : +62-21-8674042 (Hunting), +62-21-8673333 (Customer Service)
Fax: +62-21-8674043 E-mail: info@wmi-indonesia.com

05 Proses Stabilisasi Limbah B3 MT Sutena-Syarif Hidayat

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Member of the Modern Asia Environmental Group

PT. PRASADHA PAMUNAH LIMBAH INDUSTRI

Integrated Environmental Waste Management Services

Returning the Environment to the People of Indonesia

Member of the Modern Asia Environmental Group

Berdasarkan asal/sumber limbah :

Returning the Environment to the People of Indonesia

Member of the Modern Asia Environmental Group

Returning the Environment to the People of Indonesia

Member of the Modern Asia Environmental Group

Diagram Alir Karakteristerisasi Limbah B3

Returning the Environment to the People of Indonesia

Member of the Modern Asia Environmental Group

Leaching Flow Diagram

Returning the Environment to the People of Indonesia

Member of the Modern Asia Environmental Group

Illegal Disposal of B3 Hazardous Industrial Waste

Returning the Environment to the People of Indonesia

Member of the Modern Asia Environmental Group

Illegal Disposal of B3 Hazardous Industrial Waste

Returning the Environment to the People of Indonesia

Member of the Modern Asia Environmental Group

BERACUN: Ratusan drum bahan beracun yang sangat

Returning the Environment to the People of Indonesia

Member of the Modern Asia Environmental Group

Government MSW Landfills

Cipayung Landfill Depok

Returning the Environment to the People of Indonesia

Member of the Modern Asia Environmental Group

Government Landfill Batam

Government Landfills Medan North Sumatera

Returning the Environment to the People of Indonesia

Member of the Modern Asia Environmental Group

Government Benowo Landfill Surabaya

Returning the Environment to the People of Indonesia

Member of the Modern Asia Environmental Group

Government Landfill Balikpapan East Kalimantan

Returning the Environment to the People of Indonesia

Member of the Modern Asia Environmental Group

Returning the Environment to the People of Indonesia

Member of the Modern Asia Environmental Group

Hirarki Pengelolaan Limbah B3

Reduction : Mobility, Toxicity, Volume

Returning the Environment to the People of Indonesia

Member of the Modern Asia Environmental Group

Returning the Environment to the People of Indonesia

Member of the Modern Asia Environmental Group

Returning the Environment to the People of Indonesia

Member of the Modern Asia Environmental Group

Distillation and stripping

Returning the Environment to the People of Indonesia

Member of the Modern Asia Environmental Group

Returning the Environment to the People of Indonesia

Member of the Modern Asia Environmental Group

Returning the Environment to the People of Indonesia

Member of the Modern Asia Environmental Group

Formation of Solid Mass with No Free Liquid

Improvement in Handling and Physical Characteristics of Waste

Returning the Environment to the People of Indonesia

Member of the Modern Asia Environmental Group

Returning the Environment to the People of Indonesia

Member of the Modern Asia Environmental Group

Returning the Environment to the People of Indonesia