Introduction to Cyber

Law
Intellectual Property Rights

Unit-6
Professor & Lawyer P. Guru Prasad
M.B.A., M.Com., M.Phil., PGDFTM., APSET.,
PhD at JNTUK

World Wide Web

Invented By : Tim
Berners-Lee

What is the WWW?

Is

asystemof
interlinkedhypertextdocu
ments
Accessed via theInternet
with aweb browser
Web pages contain text,
images,
videos,
and
othermultimedia.

Internet

The

Internet is a
global system of
interconnected
computer networks.
Its access is
provided by ISPs.
It runs applications
like www, ftp, html
etc

World Wide Web

Web

is collection of
text documents and
other resources,
linked by hyperlinks
and URLs
Usually accessed
byweb browsers
Its an application
running on Internet

Internet V/s WWW

IT ACT PROVISIONS
email

would now be a valid and legal

form of communication in our country
that can be duly produced and
approved
in
a
court
of
law.

Companies

shall now be able to carry

out electronic commerce using the
legal infrastructure provided by the
Act.

Digital

signatures have been given

legal validity and sanction in the Act.

IT ACT PROVISIONS
The

Act now allows Government

to issue notification on the web
thus heralding e-governance

statutory

remedy in case if
anyone breaks into companies
computer systems or network
and causes damages or copies
data

CYBER CRIMES
CYBER

CRIMES AGAINST
PERSONS
eg melissaand
lovebug virus
CYBER CRIMES AGAINST
PROPERTY
eg computer
vandalism
CYBER CRIMES AGAINST
GOVERNMENT

Cyber Squatting
Cyber

squatting is a type of
crime where in the hackers
register sells and uses domain
name of some company with the
aim of gaining profit from the
goodwill of its trademark.
It is the practice of buying the
Domain
Names
of
popular
business
names
with
the
intention of selling it to the actual
owner to earn profit.

The salient features of IT Act,2000

Sec

65- Tampering with computer source

document.
Sec 66- Computer related offences
Sec
67- Punishment for Publishing or
transmitting
form.

Obscene

Material

in

Electronic

Sec

71- Penalty for Misrepresentation

Sec 72- Penalty for Breach of confidentiality
and Privacy
Sec

73- Penalty for publishing Digital

signature Certificate False in certain
particulars

Cyber crime and Ecommerce

A

cyber crime can defined as a

criminal activity doing using computer.
They
make
use
of
computer
technology in order to steal the
personal information of the user,
business secrets for the malicious
purpose.
Cyber space
Cyber squatting
Cyber punk
Cyber warfare

Various Cyber Crimes

Cyber

crime against Persons

Cyber crime against Property
Cyber crime against Organizations
Cyber crime against Society
Cyber crime against user group.
Apart from this, they also perform
other criminal activities, like child
pornography, credit card frauds, cyber
stalking, defaming, ignoring copy
right and software licensing.

INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY ACT,2000
Connectivity

via the Internet has greatly abridged

geographical distances and made communication
even more rapid. While activities in this limitless
new universe are increasing incessantly, the need
for laws to be formulated to govern all spheres of
this new revolution was felt.
In order to keep pace with the changing
generation
the
Indian
Parliament
passed
Information Technology (IT) Act, 2000. The IT Act
has been conceptualized on the United Nations
Commission
on
International
Trade
Law
(UNCITRAL) Model Law

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
ACT,2000
The

Act aims at providing legal recognition

for transactions carried out by means of
electronic data interchange and other
means of electronic communications
commonly referred to as "electronic
commerce"
which involve the use of alternative to
paper based methods of communication
and storage of information and aims at
facilitating electronic filing of documents
with the government agencies.

Information Technology
Act,2000 in a capsule
Called

the Information Technology

Act, 2000.
Came into force in June,2000
Extends to whole of India and also
to people who contravene the
provisions of the act outside India.
Shall come into force as per
notification by the Central govt.

Information Technology
Act,2000 in a capsule
The

Act applies to the whole of India. It

also applies to any offence committed
outside India by any person.
It does not apply to the following.
a negotiable instrument as defined in
section 13 of the Negotiable
Instruments Act, 1881;
a

power-of-attorney as defined in
section 1A of the Power-of-attorney Act,
1882;

DIGITAL SIGNATURES:
LEGITIMACY AND USE
The

Act has adopted the Public

Key Infrastructure (PKI) for
securing electronic transactions.
A digital signature means an
authentication of any electronic
record by a subscriber by means
of an electronic method or
procedure in accordance with the
other provisions of the Act.

DIGITAL SIGNATURES:
LEGITIMACY AND USE
Thus

a subscriber can authenticate an

electronic record by affixing his digital
signature.
A private key is used to create a digital
signature whereas a public key is used
to verify the digital signature and
electronic record.
They both are unique for each
subscriber and together form a
functioning key pair.

DIGITAL SIGNATURES:
LEGITIMACY AND USE
Further,

the Act provides that when any

information or other matter needs to be
authenticated by the signature of a
person, the same can be authenticated
by means of the digital signature affixed
in a manner prescribed by the Central
Government.
The Act also gives the Central
Government powers:
a) to make rules prescribing the digital
signature

DIGITAL SIGNATURES:
LEGITIMACY AND USE
b) the manner in which it shall be
affixed
c) the procedure to identify the
person affixing the signature
d) the maintenance of integrity,
security and confidentiality of
records or
e) payments and rules regarding
any other appropriate matters

DIGITAL SIGNATURES:
LEGITIMACY AND USE
These

signatures are to be authenticated

by Certifying Authorities (CAs) appointed
under the Act. These authorities would
inter alia, have the license to issue
Digital Signature Certificates (DSCs).
The applicant must have a private key
that can create a digital signature. This
private key and the public key listed on
the DSC must form the functioning key
pair.

DIGITAL SIGNATURES:
LEGITIMACY AND USE
Once

the
subscriber
has
accepted the DSC, he shall
generate the key pair by
applying the security procedure.
Every subscriber is under an
obligation
to
exercise
reasonable care and caution to
retain control of the private key
corresponding to the public key
listed in his DSC.

List of Organizations that control

Internet
ISOC
IETF
IAB
IANA
IRTF
IESG
IEEE
W3C