ECONOMICS

PROJECT

BY:
1.
2.
3.

SHAN MOHD SAIFI

DTU/2K13/EE/119

ABHISHEK SINGH

DTU/2K13/EL/006

ARUN NAGAR

DTU/2K13/EL/020

WHAT ARE SLUMS?

Habitations located on disputed as well as

unused government, municipal and private land
and characterized by a serious lack of basic
amenities and sanitation with dense and
overcrowded housing conditions.

WHAT ARE SLUMS?

In other words...
A Slum is taken to mean hutting areas with
squalid surroundings where:
Huts are erected in a haphazard manner without
proper access.
Minimum basic amenities are lacking
Protected water supply and drainage
arrangements do not exist.

REASONS OF SLUMS:
Slums
Change in agricultural scenario
No prospects in rural areas
Bigger opportunities in cities

Preference on labor market than agriculture

RESULTS OF SLUMS
Slums = Poverty
Poor Living conditions
No Education
Very poor hygiene conditions

Poor health care

PROBLEMS FACED BY PEOPLE

1. AMENITIES,WATER,SANITARY
Lack of basic amenities like unclean drinking
water, proper housing, drainage and excreta
disposable services.
Poor sanitary conditions and poor quality water
lead to illness like diarrhoea and other water
borne diseases affecting life of slum people.

PROBLEMS FACED BY PEOPLE

2. EMPLOYMENT
High unemployment
Small scale business
Domestic violence

PROBLEMS FACED BY PEOPLE

3. CHILDREN IN SLUMS
Many children in slums start working at a very
early age with no prospect of getting education
due to poverty.
Childmalnutritionis more common in slums
than in non-slum areas.

HELP PROVIDED BY GOVERNMENT

AND NGO
No help is provided by NGOs
Government provides help very often in the
following ways:

Health

camps(eye check up,dental check up, etc.)

Special camps for senior citizen and childrens.
Camp organized for cancer

CHARACTERISTICS OF SLUMS
Slums are characteristics that vary from place to
place
Slums are usually characterized by urban decay,
high rates of poverty, and unemployment
They are commonly seen as "breeding grounds"
for social problems such as crime, drug addiction,
alcoholism, high rates of mental illness, and
suicide
In many slums, especially in poor countries,
many live in very narrow alleys that do not allow
vehicles to pass

HEALTH RISKS TO SLUM PEOPLE

Contaminated water (cholera , typhoid, etc)
Inadequate disposal of human wastes
Wastewater and garbage
Insects, pests (e.g. rats) and parasites in homes
Insufficient living spaces, poor ventilation and overcrowding
Children at risk from traffic, unsafe or contaminated sites
Indoor air pollution
House sites vulnerable to landslides or floods
Nutritional deficiencies
No or inadequate health care and advice
No emergency services
High rates of mental illness and suicide
AIDS

MAIN REASON FOR HOUSING PROBLEM

Increasing population
Increasing pollution
High demand of houses
Increasing land cost
Public health issues
Sanitation problems
Unplanned houses, etc

GENDER INEQUALITY

Gender inequality refers to unequal treatment or

perceptions of individuals based on their gender.
It arises from differences in socially constructed
gender roles as well as biologically through
chromosomes, brain structure, and hormonal
differences. Male children are seen as a blessing
and indulged in many areas of Indian society.
Girls are seen as a drain on precious resources as
they will one day get married and their
contribution towards the family will end. With
that kind of start in life, it's difficult for women
within the slums to find a voice.

WAY TO MINIMIZE THE SLUM PROBLEM:

To minimize poverty
Increase per-capital income
Consciousness about natural disaster
Planning of rehabilitation
Finance plus approach
To make several slum units
To meet their fundamental rights
Governmental efforts
To create more employment opportunities

ROLE OF SOCIAL WORKERS TO SOLVE THE

SLUM PROBLEMS:

Community development
Slum study
Resource mobilization of slum dwellers
Coordination among the different social service
agencies
To make them awareness regarding social
problems