Gender and Development

1. Which of the following is NOT an

indicator of global gender inequality?
A) Female life expectancy is less than
males in every
country of the world.
B) Women on average have two-thirds of
the income of men in MDCs.
C) Female literacy is much lower than
males in Sub- Saharan Africa and
Southwest Asia & North
Africa.
D) Women hold less than one-fourth of
managerial
jobs in LDCs where data are
available.
E) Women have much lower incomes than
men in LDCs.

1. Which of the following is NOT an

indicator of global gender inequality?
A) Female life expectancy is less than
males in every
country of the world.
B) Women on average have two-thirds of
the income of men in MDCs.
C) Female literacy is much lower than
males in Sub- Saharan Africa and
Southwest Asia & North
Africa.
D) Women hold less than one-fourth of
managerial
jobs in LDCs where data are
available.
E) Women have much lower incomes than
men in LDCs.

2. Which of the following is NOT a reason

that gender inequality is a challenge to
development?
A) it is associated with lower literacy rates
and higher infant mortality rates.
B) it leads to smaller family sizes
C) it excludes women from the formal
economy, wasting a major economic
asset.
D) it severely limits the economic and social
mobility of women.

2. Which of the following is NOT a reason

that gender inequality is a challenge to
development?
A) it is associated with lower literacy rates
and higher infant mortality rates.
B) it leads to smaller family sizes
C) it excludes women from the formal
economy, wasting a major economic
asset.
D) it severely limits the economic and social
mobility of women.

3. In which of the following regions are

literacy rates approximately equal for
men and women?
I. North America
II. Latin America
III. Sub-Saharan Africa
IV. Middle East and North Africa
a. I and II
b. I, II, and III
c. II and III
d. II and IV
e. I, II, and IV

3. In which of the following regions are

literacy rates approximately equal for
men and women?
I. North America
II. Latin America
III. Sub-Saharan Africa
IV. Middle East and North Africa
a. I and II
b. I, II, and III
c. II and III
d. II and IV
e. I, II, and IV

Male
literacy
(top)
vs.
Female
literacy
(bottom)

4. In what region of the world is the HDI

significantly lower than it would otherwise be
because females do not have access to
educational opportunities?
A. Central Asia
B. Southwest Asia
C. Latin America
D. Southeast Asia
E. Oceania

4. In what region of the world is the HDI

significantly lower than it would otherwise be
because females do not have access to
educational opportunities?
A. Central Asia
B. Southwest Asia
C. Latin America
D. Southeast Asia
E. Oceania

??

School Enrollment Females as Percent of Males

5. The GDI, or gender development index, is

used to assess the well-being of what
group?
a. women
b. men
c. children
d. refugees
e. older people

5. The GDI, or gender development index, is

used to assess the well-being of what
group?
a. women
b. men
c. children
d. refugees
e. older people

6. The GDI
A) compares the level of development of
women in a country to the average
development level of women in the world.
B) combines economic and political indicators
of empowerment.
C) compares the levels of indicators for
females to those of males within a
country.
D) is composed of the same measures as the
HDI but is applied only to women instead of
the entire population.

6. The GDI
A) compares the level of development of
women in a country to the average
development level of women in the world.
B) combines economic and political indicators
of empowerment.
C) compares the levels of indicators for
females to those of males within a
country.
D) is composed of the same measures as the
HDI but is applied only to women instead of
the entire population.

GDI Gender-Related Development Index uses the

same factors as the HDI (Human Development
Index) but adjusts them to reflect the difference
between women and men:
Per capita income for women as % of same for men
Female school enrollment as % of same for men
Female Literacy as a % of that for men
Life expectancy compared to that of men

7. What region of the. world has the lowest

Gender Development Index (GDI)?
(A) Latin America
(B) Southeast Asia
(C) South Asia
(D) Sub-Saharan Africa
(E) Southwest Asia

7. What region of the. world has the lowest

Gender Development Index (GDI)?
(A) Latin America
(B) Southeast Asia
(C) South Asia
(D) Sub-Saharan Africa
(E) Southwest Asia

8. The Gender Development Index

(GDI) is the highest for women in
A) Japan.
B) United States.
C) Scandinavia.
D) Canada.
E) Southern Europe.

8. The Gender Development Index

(GDI) is the highest for women in
A) Japan.
B) United States.
C) Scandinavia.
D) Canada.
E) Southern Europe.

Global GDI (Gender Development Index)

10. Which is true about the conditions of

women in MDCs vs. LDCs?
(A) Women are more likely to be employed
in agriculture in MDCs.
(B) Women are less likely to be literate in
MDCs.
(C) Women do not perform labor in MDCs.
(D) Women are more likely to participate in
government positions in MDCs.
(E) Women are more likely to have multiple
children in MDCs.

10. Which is true about the conditions of

women in MDCs vs. LDCs?
(A) Women are more likely to be employed
in agriculture in MDCs.
(B) Women are less likely to be literate in
MDCs.
(C) Women do not perform labor in MDCs.
(D) Women are more likely to participate in
government positions in MDCs.
(E) Women are more likely to have multiple
children in MDCs.

11. The GEM

A) is composed of the same measures as
the HDI but is applied only to women
instead of the entire population.
B) compares the levels of indicators for
females to those of males within a country.
C) compares the level of development of
women in a country to the average
development level of women in the world.
D) combines economic and political
indicators of empowerment.

11. The GEM

A) is composed of the same measures as
the HDI but is applied only to women
instead of the entire population.
B) compares the levels of indicators for
females to those of males within a country.
C) compares the level of development of
women in a country to the average
development level of women in the world.
D) combines economic and political
indicators of empowerment.

GEM (Gender Empowerment Measure) seeks to

measure the political and economic power
available to women. It includes both economic and
political indicators:
Per capita female income as a % of that of men
% of professional and technical jobs held by
women
% of administrative jobs held by women
% of seats in national parliament held by
women

12. Which of the following is NOT

considered when calculating the Gender
Empowerment Measure (GEM)?
A) female literacy rate
B) per capita female income relative to men
C) percentage of members of the national
parliament who are women
D) percentage of professional and technical
jobs held by women

12. Which of the following is NOT

considered when calculating the Gender
Empowerment Measure (GEM)?
A) female literacy rate
B) per capita female income relative to men
C) percentage of members of the national
parliament who are women
D) percentage of professional and technical
jobs held by women

13. The gender empowerment index (GEM)

attempts to measure the influence of women in a
society by indexing womans income, participation
in labor force, professional jobs and political
influence. Which of the following regions scored
the lowest on the GEM index in 2002?
A) North America.
B) Eastern Europe.
C) Middle East.
D) East Asia.
E) South America.

13. The gender empowerment index (GEM)

attempts to measure the influence of women in a
society by indexing womans income, participation
in labor force, professional jobs and political
influence. Which of the following regions scored
the lowest on the GEM index in 2002?
A) North America.
B) Eastern Europe.
C) Middle East.
D) East Asia.
E) South America.

14. In what region of the world do we find

the largest percentage of women in the
national legislatures?
a. Southern Europe
b. Northern Europe
c. Countries of the former USSR
d. North America
e. Latin America

14. In what region of the world do we find

the largest percentage of women in the
national legislatures?
a. Southern Europe
b. Northern Europe
c. Countries of the former USSR
d. North America
e. Latin America

Percentage of Seats in Parliament Held by Women