FRINGE BENEFITS

Many organizations find it necessary to

provide incentives to management and

supervisonary people just as in the case of
blue collar workers.
Some typical forms of fringe benefits include
the following :
1.Medical insurance
2.Disability insurance
3.Entertainment expenses

 4.Relocation expenses
5.subsidies for buying or renting a home
6.Free company car,telephone, newspaper
7.Free airfares for family and employees
8.Marriage subsidy
9.Free education trips abroad

 10.Free or subsidized higher education

EMPLOYEE
PROMOTION
Employee promotion is both a financial

and nonfinancial form of motivation to

enhence human productivity.
It involves the upgrading of an
employees status and is a natural way of
recognizing an employees skills,
knowledge ,proficiency and effort at
his/her present job.

JOB ENRICHMENT
Job enrichment is a nonfinancial

motivation technique that provides

variety in assigned tasks
Employee autonomy and discretion in
performing tasks
Feedback on performance
Herzbergs two factor theory[1968] is
applied in job enrichment.

 Factors leading to satisfaction are

referred to asmotivators, and those

leading to dissatisfaction-avoidance are
known as hygienefactors.

JOB ENLARGEMENT
Job enlargement involves the

enlargement of responsibilities
associated with a job.

JOB ROTATION
Job rotation relieves boredom by

providing flexibility in job

assignments.all the employees in a
work group have a detailed knowledge
of the various jobs in their work plan,
which means they would be able to
compensate well for absenteeism.

WORKER PARTICIPATI0N
Participation is an approach to overcoming

resistance to change through employee

involvement in planning and implementing
the change.
There are several participation approaches
to improving partial or total productivity .
These include:
Quality control (QC) circles
Productivity quality (PQ) teams

 Productivity action teams

Productivity circles
Productivity maintenance groups
Employee participation groups(EPGs)

MANAGEMENT BY
OBJECTIES
By coordinating or matching the

personal goals of employees with those

of the company ,employees are likely to
improve productivity more than when
the goals of the employees and
management are not congruent.

COMMUNICATION
The purpose of effective communication

is to achieve mutual understanding

between the employees and
management,and to help establish the
social conditions that will motivate the
employee to improve productivity.

WORKING CONDITION
IMPROVEMENT
Working condition improvement is another

employees-based productivity improvement

technique that is often emphasized but
rarely applied consistently .
This techniques involves
A detail audit of the working condition at
each of the operations
designing improved conditions of working

 The factors that must be audited to

assess the present working conditions

at each workplace are
1.temperature, light and humidity
2.noise
3.colors of the surroundings
4.extent of handling hazardous
materials ,parts or products

 5.extent of manual handling of heavy

items
the level of safety for operation depends
on the extent to which these five factors
are in the satisfactory zone.

VARIOUS OTHER
TECHNIQUS
Traning
Education
Role of perception
Quality of supervision
Recognition
Punishment
Quality circles
Pq teams

ZERO DEFECTS
Zero defects programs attempt to

improve quality by changing workers

attitudes.
Their theme , do it right the first time ,
stresses error free performance.
Good quality through fewer leads to
increased output and hence higher
productivity.

TIME MANGEMENT
Time management is a powerful

technique,particularly for white-colllar

,supervisory and management personnel.
Time management involves the
minimization of the wasteful elements of
a persons administrative work.
Some such specific elements include the
following:

 1. Inability to delegate work

2. Attending lengthy and unnecessary

meetings that accomplish very little

3.lack of organization of tasks by priority
or target dates
4. Poor filling system
5. Unnecessary socialization
6.Excessive conversation time