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Metabolism
Bacterial Metabolism
Autotroph:
Photosynthetic bacterial
Chemoautotrophic bacteria
Heterotroph:
Parasite
Saprophyte
Photosynthesis
(1) Higher plants
Light reaction:
Photolysis of H2O produce ATP and NADPH
Two photosystem (I & II)
Dark fixation: use the production from light
reaction (ATP and NADPH) to fix CO2
Reaction:
6CO2 + 6H2O -----> C6H12O6 +6O2
(Light and chloroplast)
Bacteria Photosynthesis
i. Only one photosystem can not do
photolysis of H2O
ii. H2O not the source of electron donor
iii. O2 never formed as a product
iv. Bacterial chlorophyll absorb light at longer
W.L.
v. Similar CO2 fixation
vi. Only has cyclic photophosphorylation
H2S
Fumarate
Chlorophyll a and
bacteriochlophyll a(1)
Chlorophyll a and
bacteriochlophyll a(2)
Anoxygenic photosynthesis
Anoxygenic versus
oxygenic phototrophs(2)
Anoxygenic versus
oxygenic phototrophs(1)
Photosynthetic bacteria
(1) Chlorobium-green sulfur bacteria
Use green pigment chlorophyll
Use H2S (hydrogen sulfide), S (sulfur), Na2S2O3 (sodium
thiosulfate) and H2 as e- donors.
Chemautotroph
Aerobic respiration
Most efficient way to extract energy from
glucose.
Process: Glycolysis
Kreb Cycle
Electron transport chain
Glycolysis: Several glycolytic pathways
The most common one:
glucose-----> pyruvic acid + 2 NADH + 2ATP
Aerobic respiration
Euk.
glucose -----> G-6-P----->F-6-P----->
... 2 pyruvate +2ATP + 2NADH
Prok.
glucose-----> G-6-P------>F-6-P
Process take places during transport of the
substrate. Phosphate is from
phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)
.....-----> 2 pyruvate +2ATP + 2NADH
Kreb cycle:
Pyruvate + 4NAD + FAD ----->
3CO2 +4NADH + FADH
GDP + Pi -----> GTP
GTP + ADP -----> ATP + GDP
Total equation:
C6H12O6 + 6O2 ------> 6CO2 + 6H2O + 38 ATP
Mechanism of ATPase
Anaerobic respiration
Fermentation
Glycosis:
Glucose ----->2 Pyruvate + 2ATP + 2NADH
Fermentation pathways
a. Homolactic acid F.
P.A -----> Lactic Acid
eg. Streptococci, Lactobacilli
b.Alcoholic F.
P.A -----> Ethyl alcohol
eg. yeast
Chlorophyll a and
bacteriochlophyll a(3)