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Synthesis
Utilization
Formation
Evaluation
The process of using borehole
measurements to evaluate the
characteristics (geological,
petrophysical, geomechanical) of
subsurface formations
Borehole Data
Well tests
Wireline Logs
Cores & Cuttings
Gas
Cap
Oil
Entrapment
Accumulation
Water
Seal Rock
Reservoir
Rock
Migration
120 F
Source
Rock
Generation
350 F
24803
Anticlinal Theory
Petroleum Accumulates in Structural Closure
Gas
Oil
Water
Drilling
Coring
Coring Program
Problems involved
Company policy
Rock Bit
Cuttings
Core
Company policy
Specific Objectives
Conventional
Cores
6 m (20 ft) core
at each run
Diamond Cores
Better recovery, core breaks less
20 m (60 ft) core at each run
Wireline
Core
5 m (15 ft) core at
each run
Small diameter inner
barrel is run inside
the drill pipe
No need for pulling
drill string up
Sidewall
Cores
After drilling possible
sampling method
Percussion: Driving
explosive charged
hallow cylinder or
Rotary
Preserved Cores
Preserve from mechanical damage
Rubber sleeved
Keep frozen
Preserve wettability
Oriented Cores
Scratched for in situ positioning
Handle Carefully
The value of a core plug is
more than the value of the
same weight of gold
Conventional Wellsite
Procedures
Transfer to laboratory
Epoxy Resin
Injection
Core Recovery
(%)core length
Recovered
. 100
Drilled core length
Faulting
Porous zone
Unconsolidated bed
Solution cavity
Salt
Core Numbering
Tray 12
Tray 8
Tray 5
Tray 1
Core 4
S. Saner 30
Core
Numbering
Core-1 60 ft
20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9
Core-2 58 ft
20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9
Core-1
Core-3 33 ft
12 11 10 9
Core-2
Core-3
Core-4
Core-4 60 ft
20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9
Trays
DBase
Report
Report
Report
4b
Report
6b
5b
Profile perm
1/3 Slab
Report
6c
Geological
description
Digital
image scan
Report
Report
12a
Petrography (TS,
SEM, XRD)
Basic core
tests , k, g
5c
11a
Repair
improper
plugs
Plug
1/3
Fix pieces
Mark depths
Mark orientation
Mark whole cores
Mark for V&H
plugs
Receive
Open
Clean
Storage boxes
2/3
GR Scan
Dens scan
4a
5a
Trim
6a
Soxhlet
cleaning
7a
Endface
grinding
8a
Oven dry
&
Vacuum
cool
9a
Digital
plug
photos
10a
Dimensions,
wt measure,
plug
description
DBase
Report
Report
Report
4b
Report
6b
5b
Profile perm
1/3 Slab
Report
6c
Geological
description
Digital
image scan
Report
Report
12a
Petrography (TS,
SEM, XRD)
Basic core
tests , k, g
5c
11a
Repair
improper
plugs
Plug
1/3
Fix pieces
Mark depths
Mark orientation
Mark whole cores
Mark for V&H
plugs
Receive
Open
Clean
Storage boxes
2/3
GR Scan
Dens scan
4a
5a
Trim
6a
Soxhlet
cleaning
7a
Endface
grinding
8a
Oven dry
&
Vacuum
cool
9a
Digital
plug
photos
10a
Dimensions,
wt measure,
plug
description
Receive
Open
Clean
Storage boxes
Core
Database
Identif Hole
icationRefere Company Name
#
nce #
Property
Name
GB001
0243
Gilman
Brook
21J No
/10 Data
No Data No Data
031
GB001
Madran
Shed
37B1r01
26
495.3
151
No Data
GB002
0244
Gilman
Brook
21J No
/10 Data
No Data No Data
031
GB002
Madran
Shed
37B1r08
16
318.2
97
No Data
GB-840245
001
Gilman
Brook
21J No
/10 Data
No Data No Data
031
GB- Madran
84Shed
001 37B1r12
19
332.6
101.4
GB-840246
002
Gilman
Brook
21J No
/10 Data
No Data No Data
031
GB- Madran
84Shed
002 37B1r18
16
280
85.37
No Data
GB-840247
003
Gilman
Brook
21J No
/10 Data
No Data No Data
031
GB- Madran
84Shed
003 37B1r22
40
708
215.85
No Data
BH-793066
001
Miramichi Lumber
Company Ltd.
410
125
197
BH- Madran
79Shed
001 88B1r08
21
410
125
BH-793067
003
Miramichi Lumber
Company Ltd.
787.2
240
197
BH- Madran
79Shed
003 88B1r12
39
787.2
240
BH-793068
005
Miramichi Lumber
Company Ltd.
380.4
116
197
BH- Madran
79Shed
005 88B1r20
19
380.48
116
BH-793069
006
Miramichi Lumber
Company Ltd.
738
225
197
BH- Madran
79Shed
006 88B2r03
38
738
225
Mark Up
Fix pieces
Mark depths
Mark orientation
Mark whole cores
Mark for V&H
plugs
Laboratory Sampling
Conventional Plug
Numbering
Core-1
20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9
1
Core-2
Trays
3 .....60 Plugs
20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9
61 62........105
Core-3
12 11 10 9
106 .....126
Core-4
20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9
127 128....183
S. Saner 39
Core Plugs
Trimming
Trimming for even circular surfaces
Appropriate length
Plug end pieces for thin section
petrography
Cleaning
Soxhlet hot toluene and alcohol circulation
Forced cleaning by CO2 and hot toluene
injection
Endface Grinding
Parallel circular surfaces (0.002
inch accuracy)
Drying
Vacuum oven 80-110C
Humidity controlled oven (60C, 45%
humid)
Plug Images
13
14
15
17
18
19
16
20
DigitalPlugPhotos
01/96
02/96
03/96
04/96
05/96
06/96
07/96
08/96
Weight &
Dimensions
Sample
Depth
Weight
Length
Avg. Lng.
Diameter
Avg. Dia.
Bulk Vol
Remarks
Repaired
No
(ft)
(gm)
(cm)
(cm)
(cm)
(cm)
(cc)
Plugs
13,251.0
13,252.0
13,253.0
171.460
176.930
175.100
5.752
3.843
5.757
3.839
5.760
5.755
3.846
5.753
3.840
5.753
3.844
5.750
3.837
5.746
3.837
5.746
5.747
3.838
3.842
66.733
Hz fractures / split
3.837
66.455
Hz fractures / hold
5.752
3.837
5.739
3.837
5.739
3.830
5.742
3.838
5.740
5.739
3.838
3.836
66.331
Hz fractures / hold
5.742
3.838
5.731
3.837
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Basic Petrophysical
Properties
k
g
Core image
DIGITAL
CORE
IMAGING
Image database
Slab images
Circumferential images
Core re-orientation
Digital core imaging camera system
Unrolled image
CORE
DESCRIPTION
International
standards
Spreadsheet database
Lithic log plots
0.001
MERCURY INJECTION
Pore interconnectivity
0.010
10000
0.100
1000
1.000
100
10.000
10
100.000
0.40
C a p i l l a ry Pre s s u re (p s i )
R einjection
Po re T h ro a t S i z e (m i cro n )
Withdrawal
I n c re m e n t a l S a t u r a t i o n ( % )
100000
Injection
1
0.35
0.30
0.25
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.00
0.5
(Sample 13/96)
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0.001
0.01
0.1
10
100
DBase
Report
Report
Report
4b
Report
6b
5b
Profile perm
1/3 Slab
Report
6c
Geological
description
Digital
image scan
Report
Report
12a
Petrography (TS,
SEM, XRD)
Basic core
tests , k, g
5c
11a
Repair
improper
plugs
Plug
1/3
Fix pieces
Mark depths
Mark orientation
Mark whole cores
Mark for V&H
plugs
Receive
Open
Clean
Storage boxes
2/3
GR Scan
Dens scan
4a
5a
Trim
6a
Soxhlet
cleaning
7a
Endface
grinding
8a
Oven dry
&
Vacuum
cool
9a
Digital
plug
photos
10a
Dimensions,
wt measure,
plug
description
Core Reports
Core database
Stored Material
Core
Whole Core Samples
2/3 Portion
1/3 portion - Only for Archiving
Biscuits
- Only for Archiving
Plugs (V, H)
Plug End Pieces
Thin Sections
Safety Comes
First
High pressure
High Temperature
Hazardous chemicals