3.

Reforms strengthen Royal Authority

Richard I takes over; The

Lionheart

3. Reforms strengthen Royal Authority

While Richard is away, brother John

rules the land

3. Reforms strengthen Royal Authority

John now takes over Crown

permanently
Story of Robin Hood!
John was a capable ruler, but not

3. Reforms strengthen Royal Authority

Philip II of France takes most of

Englands land in France back

3. Reforms strengthen Royal Authority

John lay investiture Pope is mad

INNOCENT III Excommunicates John,
Interdict England
English Nobles are angry summon
John to meeting

4. Parliament; the Institution

Edward I Increases influence on

English Isles; Wales. Even has son

4. Parliament; the Institution

Edward I developed Parliament;

representatives from every Shire.
House of Commons; Lords
Power of the Purse held the

B. France

987 A.D. Hugh Capet chosen as

King of France

B. France

Isle-de-France land around Paris; King

Philip II founder of France enhanced
power

B. France

Louis IX: grandson of Philip; ideal

medieval king
Peace and Justice were his goals

B. France

Philip IV: the fair strengthened royal

power

B. France

Pope Boniface VIII Says: NO!

Philip stops French tithes being sent
back to Rome
Ignores Popes warnings; too

IV. Rescue of the Holy Land

Urban II: Called for a Crusade to free Holy Land

Crusaders: Soldiers of the Cross; Crusades

A) The Campaigns

There were 8 major Crusades from 1095-1291

1. The First Crusade

1st Crusade massive armies of
Knights storm Holy Land and
Capture Jerusalem
Set up 4 Kingdoms around Israel
Most Successful Crusade!

2. The Kings Crusade

Muslims recapture Jerusalem under

Saladin
Kings Crusade for its leaders: Frederick

2. The Kings Crusade

Barbarossa drowned in Italy, Philip II and
Richard Lionheart then argue over who
commands causing Philip to go home.
Richard I beats Saladin in many battles but
cannot take Jerusalem
3 year truce that leaves city open to visits

3. The Diverted Crusade

Crusaders didnt have enough $ to pay

Venetian Merchants to provide travel
Venetian Merchants dropped Crusaders off in
Constantinople to fight them instead
Crusaders pillaged Constantinople
Never reached Middle East or fought the

4. The Later Crusades

Not as successful as earlier ones no

leadership

a. Middle East

Ottoman Empire replaces Turks; Islam

remains

b. Medieval Europe

1. Weakened Feudal System in Europe

2. Expanded Commercial Activity in Europe
3. Popes gained then lost Power over
European Kings

Chapter 9 Kings and

Popes

The End!