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FUEL INJECTION
SYSTEMS
injectors).
Nozzles of different types.
Electronic fuel infection system.
Cooling system.
Role of thermostats & radiator.
INTRODUCTION:
The
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
To move the fuel from the fuel tank to cylinder & piping
etc.
METERING ELEMENTS: To measure & supply the fuel at
the rate demanded by load & speed.
METERING CONTROL: To adjust the rate of metering
elements for changes in load & speed of the engine.
DISTRIBUTING ELEMENTS: To divide the metered fuel
equally among the cylinder.
TIMING CONTROLS: To adjust the start & the stop of
injection.
MIXING ELEMENT:
To atomizes & distribute the fuel
within the combustion chamber.
CLASSIFICATION OF INJECTION
SYSTEMS
Diesel injection systems can be divided into
two basic types. They are :
ADVANTAGES;
It provides better atomization & distribution of fuel.
Heavy & viscous fuels, which are cheaper can also be
injected.
DISADVANTAGES;
This method is not used now a day due to following reasons:
It requires a high pressure multi stage compression.
A separate mechanical linkage is required to time the
injector:
. In this system , each
May be arranged in a
plunger is actuated by a
cam & produces the fuel
pressure necessary to
open the injector valve at
the correct time .
The amount of fuel
unit injector
system is one in
which the pump &
injector
are
combined in one
housing.
Each cylinder is
provided with one
of
these
unit
injectors.
Fuel is brought up
to the injector by a
low pressure pump
at proper time, a
rocker
arm
actuates
the
plunger & thus
injects the fuel into
the cylinder.
4. Distributor system:
port C also closes. The only escape route for the fuel
is pass the check valve through orifice B to the
injector. This is the beginning of injection & also the
effective stroke of the plunger.
The injection continues till the helix on the plunger
uncovers port C. now the fuel will take the easy way
out through C & the check valve will close the orifice
B. the fuel injection stops & the effective stroke
ends.
(e) & (f) the plunger is rotated to the position shown.
The same sequence of events occur. But in this case
port C is uncovered sooner. Hence the effective
stroke is shortened.
NOZZLE :
Nozzle is a part of an injector through
C I engine are:
A. Single hole nozzle.
B. multi-hole nozzle.
C. Pintle nozzle.
D.Pintaux nozzle.
used in
B. Multi-hole Nozzle:
In
C. PINTLE NOZZLE:
In order to avoid the weak injection &
D. PINTAUX NOZZLE:
It is a type of pintle nozzle
4)
5)
6)
less knock.
Manifold wetting is eliminated due to the fuel being
injected into or close to cylinder & need not flow through
the manifold.
Atomization of fuel is independent of cracking speed &
therefore starting will be easier.
Distribution of fuel being independent of vapourization
less volatile fuel can be used.
Position of the injection unit is not so critical & thereby
the height of the engine can be less.
COOLING SYSTEMS
In order to cool the engine a cooling
B. THERMOSYPHON SYSTEM
THERMOSYPHON SYSTEM
The
ROLE OF RADIATORS:
ROLE OF THERMOSTATS:
Too
To
Most
The
thermostat bypass valve is filled b/w engine & the radiator top.
The
As
the temp increases, the wax melts and valve is opened to allow coolant to
go to the radiator. Under normal operating temp the valve remains open.
When
the temp falls ,the valve is closed bypassing the water and thus, cooling
is automatically ceased.
QUESTIONS;
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
THANK
U