DAO 2006-09

CLOSURE & REHAB OF

EXISTING DUMPS

DOVEE CHERRY I. GEOLLEGUE

Chief, SWM & LGU Relations Section, EMED

CLOSURE & REHABILITATION

OF OPEN AND/OR
CONTROLLED
DUMPSITES

Clear & Present

Danger

LEACHATE

Post Closure Scenario

Final Stage
Next Stage
Existing Landfill Waste

Elements of Closure &

Rehabilitation Plan

Access Road Improvement

Drainage control
systems/Ditch Formation
Stabilization of critical
slopes
Compaction of dumped
wastes
Final Cover
Degassing Facility
Leachate control
Fire Control
Prevention of illegal
dumping

STABILIZATION OF CRITICAL SLOPES

2 - 4%

2 - 4%

Grading of the Final Surface

Slope Stabilization
Procedure

Benching

Soil
Cover

Soil Cover & Compaction

PROTECT SLOPE AND LANDSCAPE

Make plantation box for grass using discarded/

used wood

Plant grass along the slope of completed phase

ESTABLISH GAS VENTING

PIPES

Collect discarded oil drums, baskets, tires or

bamboos

Dig a hole, 1.5 - 3 m in depth

Place the drum,surround with old wastes,

bricks and soil (preferably silt)

Interval of pipes 30-50 m along the slope

Mark the drum for height measurement of

dumped waste

Place warning signboard near the gas venting

pipes

Degassing Facility

Landfill
Gas

Sectional View
Degassing Pipes

Waste

Perforated Pipe

Soil Cover

vent pipes
upgradient
groundwater
monitoring well

downgradient
groundwater
monitoring well

groundwater
flow

Vent Pipe and Monitoring Well

ESTABLISH LEACHATE
COLLECTION PIPES
Use of Bamboo (Fukuoka Method):
Tie 5-6 bamboos together
Connect to the gas pipe and lay horizontally at 1
slope leading to the 1 pipe which drains to the
trench
Surround the pipe with stone/rock or bricks
Cover the bundled bamboo with wire net

Bamboo should be perforated

on top but not in the bottom
(semi-aerobic)
If concrete pipe will be used:
Diameter of 2 pipe 40 cm
Diameter of 1 pipe -

25-

60 cm

Intersection of leachate collection

Pipe and gas venting pipe

Intersection of 2 pipe and 1 pipe

Install Perimeter/Litter Fence

Rehabilitation & Closure of Part of CDO

Dumpsite

Before

After

Safe Closure Levels & Facilities

Requirement
Category 1
(1ha or less)

Category 2
(over 1ha
up to 5ha)

Category 3
(over 5ha
up to 10ha)

Category 4
(over
10has)

Final Cover

Drainage
Facility

Safe Storage

Gas Vent

Leachate
Collection
System

Leachate
Pond

Leachate recirculation

Leachte
Treatment

DAO 2006-10
GUIDELINES ON THE ESTABLISHMENT
OF CATEGORIZED SANITARY LANDFILL

DOVEE CHERRY I. GEOLLEGUE

Chief, SWM & LGU Relations Section, EMED

CURRENT ISSUES
1.

Waste disposal, especially of THIW is becoming a

pressing issue due to lack of workable policy
framework

2.

Insufficient infrastructures (and budget) to

counteract its long term effects to human health
and the environment

3.

Treatment and disposal are becoming critical

component of waste management due to current
restrictions towards incineration, unavailability of
acceptable land surface disposal facility, and an
ad-hoc approach in the disposal site selection
process in the country (NIMBY & NIMTOO
Syndromes)

PLANNING FOR SLF

SELECTION
PROCESS
BASELINE
Waste
Characteristics
Populations
Sources
Service areas
Climatic data

Ownership/Acquisition
Zoning
Accessibility/Distance
Topography
Area Capacity
Soil Condition
Ground/Surface Waters
Proximity to Airport
Seismic
Impact/Holocene
Faulting
Ecological Sensitivity

SITE
IDENTIFICATIO
N AND
SELECTION

DETAILED
DESIGN &
CONSTRUCTIO
N,
OPERATION,
CLOSURE &
POSTCLOSURE
CARE

DETAILED
EVALUATION

EIA

Topographic
surveys
Sub-ground
investigations
Monitoring wells
installation and
sampling
Conceptual design
Cost Estimation

Minimum Features For Disposal Category

Levels
Category 1
15 tpd

Category 2
> 15 tpd,
75 tpd

Category 3
> 75 tpd,
200 tpd

Category 4
> 200 tpd

Daily &
Intermediate
Soil Cover

Embankment/
Cell Separation

Drainage
Facility

Gas Venting

Features

Minimum features for Disposal Category Levels

Features

Leachate
Collection

Category 1
15 tpd

Provision for
collection at the
later stage of
operation to be
included in the
design

Category
2
> 15 tpd,
75 tpd

Category 3
> 75 tpd,
200 tpd

Category 4
> 200 tpd

Leachate
Treatment

Natural
Attenuation

Pond
system

Pond System

Combination of
physical,
biological &
chemical

Leachate
Recirculation

At a later stage of
operation

At a later
stage of
operation

At a later
stage of
operation

At a later
stage of
operation

Minimum features for Disposal Category Levels

Features

Clay liner

Liner
Clay liner
and/or
synthetic
liner

Category
1
15 tpd

Category 2
> 15 tpd,
75 tpd

At least 60
cm thick,
permeability
of 10-5 cm /
sec

At least 75
cm thick,
permeability
of 10-6
cm/sec

Category 3
> 75 tpd,
200 tpd

Clay liner at
least 75 cm
thick with a
permeability
of 10-7 cm/sec
or 1.5 HDPE
over 60 cm
clay with
permeability
no less than
10-6 cm/sec

Category 4
> 200 tpd

Clay liner at
least 75 cm
thick with a
permeability of
10-7 cm/sec or
1.5 mm HDPE
over 60 cm
clay with
permeability
no less than
10-7cm/sec

Common Additional Features of

Disposal Facilities

Planned capacity with phased cell

development

Site preparation and containment

engineering

Compaction of waste to minimum

specified target densities

Specified operational procedures to

protect amenities including vector control

Fence, gate and other site infrastructure

with surfaced primary access road

Common Additional Features of

Disposal Facilities

Full record of waste volumes, types and source

No dumping of toxic and hazardous wastes into

Level 1 and Level 2 facilities

Special provision for handling and disposal of THW

for Level 3 facilities

Fully trained staff and experienced site

management

Provision for aftercare following site restoration

and closure

No waste picking

THANKYOU!

At Your Service:
The SWM & LGU Relations Section
Environmental Management Bureau
DENR-10, Macabalan, Cagayan de Oro City
Tel No. (088) 8569362
Email: ecocenter.10@gmail.com