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Outline
Definition of health
Definition of screening
Aims of screening
What is health?
Health is a state of complete
physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of
disease or infirmity.
What is screening ?
Screening is the testing of apparently
healthy populations to identify
undiagnosed diseases or people at
high risk of developing disease.
WHAT
SCREENING
TEST
FREQUENCY
Women aged
25-69 years,
who have had
sexual
intercourse
Cervical
cancer
Pap smear
Once every
three years
Women aged
50-69 years
Breast
cancer
Mammogram
Once every 2
years
Prenatal
screening of
congenital /
genetic
disorder
e.g. Downs
syndrome,
spinal bifida
Blood test,
ultrasound
Second
trimester for
high risk
mothers
Newborns aged
0-4 weeks old
Hearing loss
audiometry
Once
Down syndrome
Down syndrome is a set of physical and
mental traits caused by a gene problem
that happens before birth. Children who
have Down syndrome tend to have certain
features, such as a flat face and a short
neck. They also have some degree of
intellectual disability.
Down syndrome is caused by a problem
with a baby's chromosomes. Normally, a
person has 46 chromosomes. But most
people with Down syndrome have 47
chromosomes. I
Cystic fibrosis
A disease that changes how the body
makes mucus and sweat. It affects how
well e.g. the lungs, digestive system
work.
May have mucus thats too thick or sweat
thats too salty (lost electrolytes). If
heavy mucus clogs the lungs, its hard to
breathe. It can also block the pancreas,
so food cannot be digested well.
Cystic fibrosis
Thalassaemia
Is an inherited blood disorder
characterized by less hemoglobin
and fewer red blood cells in your
body than normal.
Person with thalassaemia major
requires regular blood transfusions
every four-to-six weeks to top-up
haemoglobin in the body.
Private clinics
Private hospitals
Private medical laboratories
Government health clinics
Why
Activity
Weight (kg)
(Height (m) x Height
(m))
Example:Weight = 68 kg, Height = 165 cm (1.65 m)
Calculation:68 (1.65 x 1.65) = 24.98
Waist circumferences(cm)
Summary
Screening is the testing of apparently
healthy populations to identify
previously undiagnosed diseases or
people at high risk of developing a
disease.