The Stars and the

Celestial Sphere

Stellar Astronomy
The

study of stars, their

creation, evolution and
death

Celestial Sphere

Zenith, Horizon, Altitude,

Azimuth

Ecliptic

Suns Path: Winter

Solstice
C.E.Q.

W
S

N
E

N.P.

Suns Path: Vernal

Equinox
C.E.Q.

W
S

N
E

N.P.

Suns Path: Summer

Solstice
C.E.Q.

N
E

N.P.

Motion of the Celestial

Sphere

Characteristics
of the Star

Stars
A

star is a ball
of hot gases
that gives off
light
and
other forms of
energy.

Stars
Characteristics
of the Stars
By size
By color
By
brightness

Orion

Rige
l
Sirius

Size
Antares

Betelgeuse

Sun

Sirius

Pollux

Arcturus

Rigel

Aldebaran

Star Colors
The

color of a star measures

its temperature.

Colours of the Stars

Colo
r
B

Example Temperature(C
)
28,000Rigel
11,000

Sirius

11,0007,500

Capella

6,000-5,000

Aldebara
n
Betelgeu
se

HOTTEST

INTERMEDIATE

5,000-3,600
3,600-2,000

COLDEST

Star Brightness
Brightness depends on two
things:
Distance from earth
Absolute brightness

ColorExample

Temperature(
Apparent Brightness
Distance from Sun
C)

Star A.

7,500

1.6

1345 l.y

Star B.

2,300

-1.55

25.06 l.y

Star C.

4,200

-26.8

150,000,000km

Star D.

8,000

Star E.

3,000

4.0
11.02

10.6 l.y
4.324 l.y