ELECTRICAL

SYSTEM
SUBMITTED BY:
SUMIT KUMAR
12BAC-022
ACHAL GUPTA
12BAC043

Electricity

Electricity is the flow of electrons in a

conductor.

The electrons must have a path to and from its

source.

This path is called a circuit.

Types of Electrical
Currents
Electrical current comes in two forms:

Direct current (DC)

Flows in only one direction.

It is usually generated by battery-base electrical systems and used

in the electrical systems of internal combustion engines or
flashlight batteries.

Alternating current (AC)

Reverses the direction of flow of current many times each second.

AC is the type used in homes, factories, etc.

Electrical Service

Service is provided to homes, businesses and

other small users of electricity by three wires
from a utility pole.

Two of the wires are hot, each carrying 120

volts.

The other wire is neutral, and provides the

return path for electricity.

Electrical Service (cont.)

These wires are connected to a service

entrance, which is where the electricity enters a
building.

A meter is used in the service entrance to

measure the amount of electricity being used.

Service Panel

Follows the meter.

It houses the circuit

breakers for the
system and is used
to distribute the
power to individual
circuits throughout
the system.

Overcurrent

When a circuit uses too much electricity,

an overcurrent causes a circuit breaker to
trip, shutting down the power to that
circuit.

The excessive heat caused by an

overcurrent condition may burn or damage
a conductors insulation and cause a fire.

A circuit breaker is a heat-sensitive switch,

which automatically trips when electricity
demand is too great which causes the
temperature in the conductor to get too
hot.

Identify and draw various symbols

used in drawing wiring diagrams or
schematics.
What symbols are used in drawing
various electrical devices?
In order to successfully draw a wiring
circuit on paper, one needs to use
various symbols that represent the
equipment.

Cable Types

Cable Types
One is 14/2 with ground, which has one black conductor,
one white conductor, and a bare ground conductor.

Cable Types (cont.)

A third type of cable is 14/3 with ground, which
has one black conductor, one white conductor,
one red conductor, and one bare ground
conductor.

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

POWER DISTRIBUTION IN
HIGH RISE BUILDING

ELECTRICAL PLAN

ELECTRICAL PLAN

ELECTRICAL SYMBOLS

Large buildings have a much higher

electrical load than small buildings;
therefore, the electrical equipment must
be larger and more robust. Large building
owners will also purchase electricity at
high voltages because it comes at a
cheaper rate. In this case, the owner will
provide and maintain their own step-down
transformer, which lowers the voltage to a
more usable level. This transformer can be
mounted on a pad outside the building or
in a transformer room inside the building.

The electricity is then transmitted to

switchgear. The role of the switchgear is to
distribute electricity safely and efficiently to
the various electrical closets throughout the
building. The equipment has numerous safety
features including circuit breakers, which allow
power to be disrupted downstream - this may
occur due to a fault or problem, but it can also
be done intentionally to allow technicians to
work on specific branches of the power
system.
It should be noted that very large buildings or
buildings with complex electrical systems may
have multiple transformers, which may feed
multiple pieces of switchgear. We are keeping
this article simple by sharing the basic

The electricity will leave the switchgear

and travel along a primary feeder or
bus. The bus or feeder is a heavy
gauge conductor that is capable of
carrying high amperage current
throughout a building safely and
efficiently. The bus or feeder is tapped
as needed and a conductor is run to an
electric closet, which serves a zone or
floor of a building.

Advanced Lighting
System

Advanced lighting control is characterized by

inclusion of dimming and switching methods,
the ability to accomplish the full range of
control strategies individual addressable control
of light fixtures.