Industrial Accidents

Industrial Accidents are caused

by chemical, mechanical, civil,
electrical, or other process
failures
due
to
accident,
negligence or incompetence, in
an industrial plant which may
spill over to the areas outside
the plant causing damage to life
and property.

Industrial Accidents
These may originate in:
Manufacturing and formulation installations
including during commissioning and process
operations; maintenance and disposal.
Material handling and storage in
manufacturing facilities, and isolated
storages; warehouses and godowns
including tank farms in ports and docks and
fuel depots.
Transportation (road, rail, air, water, and
pipelines).

Major Threats
Fire
Explosion
Toxic release
Poisoning
Combinations of the above

PROBABLE CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS

Process deviations i.e pressure,
temperature & flow.
Parameters with regard to the state of
the substance i.e., solid, liquid or gas,
proximity to other toxic substances.
Runaway reaction.
Hardware failure, resulting in largescale spills of toxic substances.
Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour
Explosion (BLEVE) on the chemicals
during transportation.

Electrical failure
Cutting and welding
Open flame
Carelessness
Poor housekeeping
Smoking
Sabotage

COMPOUNDING OF EFFECTS OF
ACCIDENTS

Meteorology of the area, wind speed

and direction, rate of precipitation,
toxicity/quantity of chemical released,
population in the reach of release,
probability of formation of lethal
mixtures and other industrial activities
in vicinity.

Impact of Industrial Accidents

Industrial Accidents

Living Organisms

Environment

Property

Immediate, Short-term
and Long-term Effects

Humans Livestock Plants

Death, Injury, Disease and Disability

Soil and Water Bodies Atmosphere

Pollution

Major Consequences

Loss of life / injuries

Impact on livestock
Damage to Flora/fauna
Environmental Impact (air, soil,water)
Financial losses to industry.

FILXBOROUGH, 01.06.1974, UK

MEXICO CITY, 19.11.1984,

GASOLENE TANK FIRE- South

East Asia 2000

Bhopal Gas Tragedy

Worst industrial disaster in history
2,000 people died on immediate
aftermath
Another 13,000 died in next fifteen
years
10-15 persons dying every month
520,000 diagnosed chemicals in blood
causing different health complications
120,000 people still suffering from

Cancer
Tuberculosis
Partial or complete blindness,
Post traumatic stress disorders,
Menstrual irregularities

Rise in spontaneous abortion and

stillbirth

IOC JAIPUR - 2009

slide 14

Uran Plant

IOC JAIPUR - 2009

slide 15

Uran Plant

IOC JAIPUR - 2009

ENVIRONMENT !!!

Oil Rig Explosion

What could have prevented

these losses?

RISK CONTROL MEASURES

Physical Protection
Procedural Protection
Educational Protection

Physical Protection
Strict & Rigorous approach in
following the Relevant Standards ,
Codes & Practices
Built in Safety Devices and Safety
System
Venting through Tall stacks
Field Monitors for Different Toxic
Gases
Burning Waste gases in a Flare
System

Provision of Wind Cones

Fire Proofing of Steel Structures
PPE
Passive Protection System
Active Protection system
Automatic Protection system

PROCEDURAL PROTECTION
Fire Emergency Procedure
Disaster Preparedness Plan
Mutual Aid Scheme
No Smoking Policy
Investigation of All Accidents
Hazard
Identification
through
Safety
Committee, House Keeping Committee, Safety
audit Committee
Conducting Plant Survey, safety survey
Work Permit System

Contd.
Safety promotional activities
Information notes on unsafe
conditions
MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet
Annual Medical Check up of
Employees
Safe Start up & Shut Down
Procedure
Regular and Preventive Maintenance
Periodic testing of Fire Fighting
Appliances

EDUCATIONAL PROTECTION
Periodic Training Program on Safety,
Fire Safety and Hazardous properties of
materials
Mock Fire Drill
Safety Manuals
Health & Safety News Bulletins, leaflets
Safety Motivation schemes
Plant Operating Manual
Educating the Public Living nearby
about the activities in the industry

Thank you