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APPROACHES TO

EDUCATIONAL
TECHNOLOGY
Arpita
Dutta
3rd Sem.
Roll
150003

WHAT IS EDUCATIONAL
TECHNOLOGY ?

The study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and


improving performance
by creating ,using, and managing appropriate technological
processes and resources.
Association for Educational Communication and Technology.

APPROACHES TO EDUCATIONAL
TECHNOLOGY
HARDWARE APPROACH
SOFTWARE APPROACH
SYSTEMS APPROACH

Hardware Approach
This type of approach has its origin in physical
sciences and engineering.
Is based on the concept of service i.e using
technology in
education.
Example: teacher using microphone in class.

Silverman called this type of educational


technology relative technology.
Radio, T.V, tape recorder, projectors ,
computers are also examples.

Software Approach
In software approach the basis of all learning is behavioral
sciences and psychology
of learning. It uses the principles of psychology for
behaviour modification.
Films , flashcards, tapes etc. can be used be used by
teachers in a classroom as a
mode of software approach.
This view of educational technology is closely associated
with the modern principles
of programmed learning.
Both Hardware and Software Approach are
Silverman
termed this technology as constructive
interlinked and cannot be separated from each
educational technology.
other. It is the software approach which makes the
hardware approach function well.

ROLE OF HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGIES IN


MODERN EDUCATIONAL PRACTICES

Individualization of
instruction
Use of multimedia and multisensory approach
Fulfilling expectation of
distance and
correspondence education
Management of educational
practices in an effective and
productive way
Making task of teachinglearning interesting,
purposeful and productive

EDUCATIONAL HARDWARE AND CORRESPONDING


SOFTWARE
HARDWARE

SOFTWARE

Chalkboard

Chalkwork

Overhead Projector

Overhead Transparencies

Slide Projector

Slides

VCR and Monitor

Vedio programme

Computer

Computer Programme

Blank paper

Written matter

Audio-recorder

Recorded audio

HARDWARE AS INSTRUCTIONAL AIDS


Magic lantern, ancientmost hardware, used for
Projection on a wall or screen.

Projectors are used for projection of slides as we


as filmstrips.

Computers used for services in the form of utiliz


of multimedia, word processing, ppt presentatio
database management, storage of data, interne
e-learning etc.

Radio can help in teaching-learning process thro


educational broadcasting.

SOFTWARE AS INSTRUCTIONAL
AIDS

Blackboard, most commonly used aid, used for


display of visual materials.

Display boards used for display of information,


facts etc.

Graphic aids like charts, maps, flash cards etc.


are the most useful teaching aids.

System Approach
A modern approach in educational administration and
organization.
Acts as a link between hardware and software approach.
Also known as Management Technology.
Education is regarded as a system and system approach is
an effective way of
designing an effective and economical educational system.
The system approach involves setting goals and objectives,
analysing resources,
devising a plan of action and continuous
evaluation/modification of the program.

STEPS IN SYSTEM
APPROACH
Revising to improve
efficiency

Evaluating the outcome


Implementing the
programme
Assigning appropriate
personal roles for all
concerned
Selecting appropriate
methods and
materials
Defining learner
characteristics and
requirement
Deciding appropriate
media
Formulating specific
instructional
objectives

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