Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Pada
AnatomiSistemRespirasi
SISTEMRESPIRASI
SISTEMPERNAPASAN
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Hidung
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchus
Bronchiolus
Bronchiolusterminalis
Alveolusparuparu
SaluranPernapasanAtas
SaluranPernapasanBawah
Hai,sayaO2,Sayabiasadipanggil
dgoxygen,dansayaakanmemandu
perjalanankitahariini.
OxygenCell
Semogamenyenangkan
.
JH
KitaseharusnyabertanyaApasistem
respirasiitu?Baiklah,sistemrespirasi
adalahsistemygmembantukitadalam
menghirupdanmengeluarkannapas,
sehinggaoxygen(O2)dptdialirkanke
seluruhtubuhdancarbondioxide(CO2)
dapatdipindahkandarialirandarah.Kita
harusingatbahwasistemrespirasiini
dibentukolehbeberapaorganyang
berbeda.
RespiratoryIntro
JH
Sekarang,marikitamulai
perjalanankita
padasistempernapasan
MB
Hidung
Wherearewe?
Marikitapergi!
Lidah
Pharynx
Bronchus
Alveoli
Pembuluhdarahdgdinding
ygtipisygdisebutkapiler
TheTrachea
isheldopen
bypartial
ringsof
cartilage.
Bronchiolespass
airtoandfrom
youralveoli.
Verythincellslinethe
alveolisothatO2and
CO2canpassinand
outoftheblood.JH
Dimana
kita?
Hidung
Sekarangkitadisini
Lidah
Pharynx
Larynx
Bronchus
Alveoli
Pembuluhdarahdgdinding
ygtipisygdisebutkapiler
MB
TheTrachea
isheldopen
bypartial
ringsof
cartilage.
Bronchiolespass
airtoandfrom
youralveoli.
Verythincellslinethe
alveolisothatO2and
CO2canpassinand
outoftheblood.
HidungdanMulut
Bernapasdimulaidarisini,
dimanaoksigen
pertamakalimasukkedalamtubuhdan
karbondioksidameninggalkantubuhkita
MB
HidungdanMulut
Ketikaudaramasukkedalamhidung,iaakandisaring
olehrambuthalusdihidungdandilembabkan
Olehmukusyangadadihidung
Sinushidungjugamembantusistempernapasan.
Iamembantumelembabkandan
menghangatkanudarasaatkitabernapas.
Udarajugadapatmasukketubuh
melaluironggamulut,tetapiudaratsbtidak
disaringsepertisaatudara,masukmelaluihidung
MB
BatasbatasHidung
Bentuk:ronggabentuksegitiga
Batasbatas:
Atas
:tulanghidung
Bawah
:langit2/ospalatum
Depan
:lobanghidung/nares
externa
Belakang :naresposterior/choane
Septumnasi :batastengahrongga
hidung
Mukosa
:lapisanronggahidung+
buluhidung
Conchanasalis:lipatanconchahidung
sebelahlateral
Plexuskieselbach:
anyamanpembuluhdarahkapilerdibawah
kulitdepanronggahidung
Terdiriatasbagianeksternaldaninternal
Bagianeksternalmenonjoldariwajahdan
disanggaolehtulanghidungdankartilago
Bagianinternalhidungadalahronggaberlorong
yangdipisahkanmenjadironggahidungkanan
dankiriolehpembagivertikalyangsempit,yang
disebutseptum
Ronggahidungdilapisidenganmembranmukosa
yangsangatbanyakmengandungvaskularyang
disebutmukosahidung
Permukaanmukosahidungdilapisiolehselsel
gobletyangmensekresilendirsecaraterus
menerusdanbergerakkebelakangkenasofaring
olehgerakansilia
Hidungberfungsisebagaisaluranuntukudara
mengalirkedandariparuparu
Hidungjugaberfungsisebagaipenyaringkotoran
danmelembabkansertamenghangatkanudara
yangdihirupkedalamparuparu
Hidungjugabertanggungjawabterhadapolfaktori
(penghidu)karenareseptorolfaktoriterletakdalam
mukosahidung,danfungsiiniberkurangsejalan
denganpertambahanusia
RonggaHidung
Hidung
Dimanakita
sekarang?
Kitadisini.
Lidah
Pharynx
Bronchus
Alveoli
Pembuluhdarahdgdinding
ygtipisygdisebutkapiler
MB
TheTrachea
isheldopen
bypartial
ringsof
cartilage.
Bronchiolespass
airtoandfrom
youralveoli.
Verythincellslinethe
alveolisothatO2and
CO2canpassinand
outoftheblood.
Pharynx,LarynxdanTrachea
Mulut
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Pharynxmengumpulkanudarasetelahmelewati
hidungdansetelahituakanturunmelewatitrachea
Tracheaditahanagarterbukaolehcincinyang
tidakkomplitygberupakartilago.Tanpacincin
initracheaakantertutupSehinggaudaratidak
bisamasukdankeluardariparuparukita MB
Pharynx,LarynxdanTrachea
Selanjutnyadarihidungkitaakanturun
kepharynx,larynxdantrachea
DisiniadalahJalanudaradarihidung
menujubronkhusdanparuparu.
MB
PHARYNX
Persimpangansaluranpernafasandan
salurancerna
Batasbatas :
atas
:tulangdasartengkorak
bawah
:larynxdanoesofagus
muka
:ronggamulut
belakang :tulangvertebrecervikalis
kirikanan:ronggatelingategah
Pharynxatautenggorokmerupakanstruktur
sepertitubayangmenghubungkanhidung
danronggamulutkelaring
Pharynxdibagimenjaditigaregion:nasal
(nasopharynx),oral(oropharynx),dan
laring(laringopharynx)
Fungsipharynxadalahuntukmenyediakan
saluranpadatraktusrespiratoriusdan
digestif
Hidung
Dimanakita
sekarang?
Kitadisini.
AdamApples
Lidah
Pharynx
Larynx
Bronchus
Alveoli
Pembuluhdarahdgdinding
ygtipisygdisebutkapiler
MB
TheTrachea
isheldopen
bypartial
ringsof
cartilage.
Bronchiolespass
airtoandfrom
youralveoli.
Verythincellslinethe
alveolisothatO2and
CO2canpassinand
outoftheblood.
LARYNX
Laringatauorgansuaramerupakanstruktur
epitelkartilagoyangmenghubungkan
pharynxdantrakea
Letak :didepanoesofagus
Bentuk :lebarsebelahatasdansempit
bgnbawah(sptsegitiga)
Dibentukolehtulangrawan,dihubungkan
olehjaringanikat
Epiglotis:menutuplarynxjikamenelan
Addamapple:cartilagotyroidygmenonjol
keluar
Laringseringdisebutsebagaikotaksuaradanterdiri
atas:
Epiglotis:daunkatupkartilagoyangmenutupi
ostiumkearahlaringselamamenelan
Glotis:ostiumantarapitasuaradalamlaring
Kartilagotiroid:kartilagoterbesarpadatrakea,
sebagiandarikartilagoinimembentukjakun
(Adam'sapple)
Kartilagokrikoid:satusatunyacincinkartilago
yangkomplitdalamlaring(terletakdibawah
kartilagotiroid)
Kartilagoaritenoid:digunakandalamgerakanpita
suaradengankartilagotiroid
Pitasuara:ligamenyangdikontrololehgerakan
ototyangmenghasilkanbunyisuara(pitasuara
melekatpadalumenlaring)
TULANGRAWANLARYNXterdiridari:
1.cartilagothyroid(lebihbanyak)
kartilagoterbesarpadatrakea,sebagiandarikartilago
inimembentukjakun(Adam'sapple)
2.cartilagocricoid
satusatunyacincinkartilagoyangkomplitdalam
laring(terletakdibawahkartilagotiroid)
3.epiglotis
daunkatupkartilagoyangmenutupiostiumkearah
laringselamamenelan
4.cartilagoarytenoid
digunakandalamgerakanpitasuaradengankartilago
tiroid
5.cartilagocorniculata
6.cartilagocunciformis
Terdapatselaputpitasuara(VOCAL
FOLD)
Unsurpembentukansuara:
1.pitasuara
2.lidah
3.bibir
4.ronggahidung
PitaSuara
Hidung
Dimanakita
sekarang?
Kitadisini.
AdamApples
Lidah
Pharynx
Larynx
Bronchus
Alveoli
Pembuluhdarahdgdinding
ygtipisygdisebutkapiler
MB
TheTrachea
isheldopen
bypartial
ringsof
cartilage.
Bronchiolespass
airtoandfrom
youralveoli.
Verythincellslinethe
alveolisothatO2and
CO2canpassinand
outoftheblood.
TRACHEA
Saluranlanjutandarilarynxygdibentuk
olehtulangrawan,bentukC,dihuboleh
jaringanikatdanototpolos
Panjang
:kirakira11,2cm
Lebar
:kirakira22,5cm
Letak:mulaidrbawahlarynxsetinggi
vertebraecervikalisVIsampaiVertebrae
thorakalisVkemudianbercabang
menjadibronchuskiridankanan
Dilapisiolehmukosa,dgepiteltorak
berbulugetar,selalubasahkrnada
keljmukosa
Fungsiepitel:menyaringdebuhalus
drudarapernafasan
Otottrakeadaptmenyempit:asthma
Hidung
Dimanakita
sekarang?
Lidah
AdamApples
Pharynx
Larynx
Kitadisini. Bronchus
Alveoli
Pembuluhdarahdgdinding
ygtipisygdisebutkapiler
MB
TheTrachea
isheldopen
bypartial
ringsof
cartilage.
Bronchiolespass
airtoandfrom
youralveoli.
Verythincellslinethe
alveolisothatO2and
CO2canpassinand
outoftheblood.
BronchusdanBronchiolus
Tracheaterpisahmenjadi2yaitubronchus.
Bronchuskemudianbercabangcabang
menjadibronchiolus.
MB
BRONCHUS
Cabangtracheasetinggivertebrathorakalis
5terdiridaribronchuskiridankanan
Terdapatcincintulangrawan(samadg
trachea)
Dilapisiolehmukosa
Bedabronchuskiridankanan
kiri
:lebihkecil,horizontal,
lebihpanjang
kanan :lebihlebar,vertikal,
lebihpendek
BRONCHIOLUS
Cabangdrbronchus,struktursamadg
bronchus,sudahmemasukilobusparu2
BercabanglgmjdBRONCHIOLUS
TERMINALIS,ygstrukturnyasamadg
bronchiolus&letaknyalbhdlmjar
paru2
Diujungnyaterdptronggaudara
(ALVEOLUS),dindingalveolusmrpk
jarparu2
BronchusdanBronchiolus
Bronchusterpisahsepertirantingpohondimana
bentuknyasemakinkecilkearahujung,
kedalamparuparukita
Udaramengalirmelewatibronchus
danmasukkedalambronchiolus.
Bronchiolusinisemakinkecilsampai
akhirnyaberakhirpadaalveolus
(ygakankitabahasnanti)
MB
AlveoliandBronchus
Trachea
Bronchus
Bronchiolus
Alveoli
MB
CabangcabangBronkhus
AlveolidanPembuluhKapiler
Alveoliadalahkantungudaratipisyang
akanberisiudara/oksigenketika
kitamenghirupudara
Alveolidikelilingiolehbanyak
pembuluhdarahhalusyangdisebut
pembuluhkapiler
DindingdarialveolidanpembuluhKapiler
begitutipisnggaoksigenatau
karbondioksidadapatmelewatinya,
masukdankeluardarialirandarah.
Alveoli
Capillary
Iniadalahgambar
alveolidanpembuluh
kapileryang
mengelilinginya.
Wallof
theair
sac
Carbon
Dioxideis
droppedoff
Oxygenis
pickedup
RedBlood
Cell
MB
ALVEOLUS(kantongudara)
Dindingtipis,trdptkapilerdindingpembuluh
darahtempatdifusiO2danCO2(membran
respirasi)
Jumlahkira2700jt
Diameter100mikron
Luasmembranrespirasikrglbh90m2(100x
luaspermukaantubuh)
70m2digunakanupernafasan
Alveolus
Bronchiole
RespiratoryBronchiole
AlveolarDuct
AlveolarSac
Capillaries
JH
PARUPARU(pulmo)
Letakdalamronggadada
terdiridari:paruparukiri
paruparukanan
Diantaraparukirikanan,terdapat
jantung
pembuluhdarahbesar
trachea
bronchus
oesofagus
Batas:
belakang&lateral:dindingdada
bawah :diafragma
medial :tempatmasukbronchus kiri&
kanan
Bentuk :sepertikubah(segitiga)
puncak :APEXPULMONUM
alas
:BASISPULMONUM
Jaringanparuparuelastis:kembang/kempis
Persarafan:cabangnervusvagus
Masingmasingparuparuterdiridari:
parukanan:(3lobus)
lobusatas(superior)
lobustengah(medial)
lobusbawah(inferior)
parukiri:(2lobus)
lobusatas(superior)
lobusbawah(inferior)
ParuparudanPleura
Paruparu
PLEURA
Selaputpembungkusparuparu
Jaringanikat:2lapisan
lapisanluar(pleuraparietalis)
lapisanyangmelekatkedinding
dada
lapisandalam(pleuraviseralis)
lapisanyangmelekatkejaringan
paru
Diantaralapisanpleuradisebutrongga
pleura
Membranpleuramenghasilkansedikit
cairanserosayangakanbersirkulasi
padaronggapleura.
Cairaninibergunasebagai
lubricant/pelicinuntukmengurangi
pergesekankedualapisaniniselama
bernapas.
Pleura
Coolpictures
JH
Intro
to
Diaph
ragm
NowwewilllookattheDiaphragm.
Youmightbewondering,whatdoes
theDiaphragmdo?TheDiaphragm
isanimportantfactorinbreathing.
JH
DiagramofDiaphragm
JH
Hereisanexperimentthatyou
cantry.
DiaphragmExperiment
JH
1styouneedabottlethatyoucansacrificeto
cutup.
2ndyoucutthebottomofthebottleandputa
bigballoononthebottom.
ExperimentInstructions
3rdgetarubbercork(makesureitblocksthe
hole)andputaholethroughit(toptobottom).
Insertathintubeintothecorkandplacea
balloononthebottomofthetube.
4thmakesurethethingisairtight.
JH
CO2
AirPassingoverthemucus
membraneofthenasal
cavityismoistened,
warmed,andfiltered
Insidethelungsthe
Bronchibranchinto
smalltubescalled
bronchioles
ThePharynx,orthroat,is
locatedwherepassages
fromthenoseandmouth
cametogether.
RespiratoryOverviewReview
Attheendofthe
bronchiolesare
bunchesofalveoli,
airsacs,arrangedlike
grapesonastem
JH
Ifonelobeisinjuredor
diseased,theotherlobes
maybeabletofunction
normally
Airentersthe
trachea,orwindpipe
whichleadstoand
fromthelungs
Thetracheadividesinto
twotubescalledbronchi
FunFacts
*Atrest,thebodytakesinandbreathesoutabout10litersofaireachminute.
*Therightlungisslightlylargerthantheleft.
*Thehighestrecorded"sneezespeed"is165kmperhour.
*Thesurfaceareaofthelungsisroughlythesamesizeasatenniscourt.
*Thecapillariesinthelungswouldextend1,600kilometersifplacedendto
end.
*Welosehalfaliterofwateradaythroughbreathing.Thisisthewatervapor
weseewhenwebreatheontoglass.
*Apersonatrestusuallybreathesbetween12and15timesaminute.
*Thebreathingrateisfasterinchildrenandwomenthaninmen.
KeyWords
RespiratorySystemThegroupoforgansinyourbodythatareresponsiblefortaking
inOxygenandbreathingouttheCarbonDioxidewhichisthewasteproductofcellular
respiration.
OxygenThegasthatyourbodyneedstoworkandfunction.
CarbonDioxideThewasteproduct(gas)thatisproducedthroughrespirationof
peopleandanimals.
Nose/NasalCavityWhereOxygenfirstentersyourbody.Tinyhairshelpfiltertheair
andairismoistenedandheatedbyyournose.YourNoseleadsintoyourNasalCavity.
Mouth/OralCavityOxygen/aircanalsoenterthroughyourMouthbutitisnot
filtered.YourMouthopensupintoyourOralCavity.
SinusAcavityinthebonesofyourskullthathelpsmoistenandheattheairthatyou
breath.
Pharynx/ThroatGathersairfromyourNasalandOralCavitiesandpassesittoyour
Trachea.
Trachea/WindpipeAtubelikepathwaythatconnectsyourthroattoyourBronchi
Tubesandlungs.AirpassesthroughitwhenittravelsfromthePharynxtotheBronchi
Tubes.
KeyWordsCont.
BronchiTubesEachtube(oneperlung)splitsupintomanysmallertubescalled
Bronchiole,likebranchesonatree.
BronchioleKeepsplittingupuntiltheyreachyourAlveoli.
RespiratoryBronchioleTheairtubesthatareactuallyconnectedtotheAlveoli.
AlveolarDuctThefinaltube,whichispartoftheAlveoli,thatleadstotheair
sacs.
AlveolarSacWherethechemicalchangetakesplaceandwherebloodcellspick
upoxygenanddropoffcarbondioxide.
AlveoliTinyairsacsattheendofyourAlveolarDuct.TheyfillupwithOxygen
andaresurroundedbyCapillaries.
CapillariesTinybloodstreams(aroundonecellwide)thatsurroundyourAlveoli.
TheytakeOxygenoutofourLungsandreplaceitwithCarbonDioxide,whichyou
laterbreathout.
DiaphragmThemusclemembranethathelpsyoubreathinandoutbychanging
thepressureinyourchestcavity.
WorksCited
Formoreinformationpleasevisit:
http://yucky.kids.discovery.com/flash/body/pg000138.html
-Why do you need to breathe? And basic info on parts of the Respiratory
system
http://www.lung.ca/children/grades7_12/respiratory/index.html
-An overview of the parts of Respiratory System
http://www4.tpgi.com.au/users/amcgann/body/respiratory.html
-A basic look at the Respiratory System
http://www4.tpgi.com.au/users/amcgann/body/respiratory_facts.html
-Fun Facts
http://users.pandora.be/educypedia/education/respiratory.htm
-Very detailed info and some animation-Has many other body systems too
http://www.bioedonline.org/slides/slide01.cfm?tk=5&pg=2S
-Web slides with a little info and good pictures
www.geocities.com/medinotes/nasal_cavity.htm
-The Nose and Nasal Cavity
Humananatomycoloringbook
WorksCitedCont.
Wherewegotsomeofourpictures:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/img/pe01021.gif
http://www.sirinet.net/~jgjohnso/respiratorylungs.gif
http://academic.pg.cc.md.us/~aimholtz/AandP/206_ONLINE/Resp/Imag
es/respstructures.jpg
http://www.cancersa.org.au/files/1/2/17/226/airwaysfullylabelled.jpg
http://www.researchmatters.harvard.edu/photos/645.jpg
http://www4.tpgi.com.au/users/amcgann/body/respiratory.html
http://www.sirinet.net/~jgjohnso/humanrespiratory8.jpg
Knowledge
TitlePage
CirculatorySystemCreatedby
Introduction
The Circulatory System is the
main cooling and transportation
system for the human body
The body has about 5 liters of
blood continuously traveling
through it by way of the
Circulatory System
In the Circulatory System, the
heart, lungs, and blood vessels
have to work together
The Circulatory System has
three different parts: pulmonary
circulation (lungs), coronary
circulation (heart), and systemic
circulation, (the rest of the
systems processes).
The Heart
Pulmonary Artery
(Aortic Artery) To the body
By The Way
Pulmonary Veins
Valves: (tricuspid valve semilunar
(pulmonary) valve, bicuspid (mitral)
valve, and the semilunar (aortic) valve
BloodFlowthroughHeart
Bloodfromthebodytravelsintothe
rightatrium,movesintotheright
ventricle,andisfinallypushedinto
lungsinthepulmonaryarteries
Thebloodthenpicksupoxygenand
travelsbacktotheheartintotheleft
atriumthroughthepulmonaryveins
Thebloodthentravelsthroughtheto
theLeftVentricleandexitstothe
bodythroughtheAorta
Left Atrium
Right Atrium
BloodFlowtoArms
Oxygenrichbloodleaves
theheartandtravelsthrough
arteries
Inthecapillariestheoxygen
andfoodisgiventothe
bodyscells
Thebloodfinallytravels
backthroughveinstothe
hearttopickupoxygen
ARTERIESFROMHEART
CAPILLARIES
VEINSTOHEART
Pulmonary Vein
Aorta
Brachial Artery
Renal Artery
Redial Artery
Ulnar Artery
Iliac Artery
The Exchange
TRANSACT
When the itty bitty teeny tiny red blood cells pass
the desired tissue they.
OxyRichBloodCell
How It Works
Tissue
Tissue
OxyPoorBloodCell
Nowletstraveltothelegs!!!
BloodFlowtoLegs
!FUN
FACT!
Approximately500mlofblood
movesfromtheheartandlungs
downtothelegswhenaperson
standsupafterlyingdown
Theoxygenrichbloodcells
thentravelthroughthe
capillarieswhereyetanother
Tissue
Dont forget that the
Hemoglobin in the
blood cells let go of
the cells oxygen
because of the large
CO2 (waste) count in
the tissue.
Oxygen Poor
Oxygen Rich
Oxygen Poor
CirculationbacktoHeart
To upper body
From upper
body
To lung
To lung
From lung
From
lung
Right
Atrium
Left Atrium
Right
Ventricle
Left
Ventricle
From
lower
body
To lower body
Conclusion
As you have learned (Hopefully) the Circulatory
System is one of the most important
systems in the human body
It is the
only
reason
youre
still
alive
today
WorksCited
Forfurtherinformationpleasevisit:
http://www.carolguze.com/images/organsystems/circulatory2.jpgcirculationpicture
http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/C/Circulation2.html-how circulatory system
works
TheEnd
SoTakeaDeepBreathand
GoHome