Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2 of 47
It could be your
hormones.
What are hormones?
3 of 47
Managing change
Hormones are chemicals that act like messengers. They are
secreted by glands and carried in the blood from organ to
organ.
hormone
ovary
Cells in different parts of the
body recognize the hormones
and respond by making changes.
4 of 47
hormone
To: cell
s
From: o
vary
Start p
ubert
memo
y now!
thyroid
adrenal
glands
testes
(males)
5 of 47
pituitary
gland
pancreas
ovaries
(females)
Sex hormones
In males, the testes produce the sex hormone testosterone,
which makes male secondary sexual characteristics develop.
testes
(males)
ovaries
(females)
7 of 47
True or false?
8 of 47
9 of 47
10 of 47
Day 15-28:
empty follicle turns
into corpus luteum
(yellow body)
immature
eggs
Day 1-13:
egg developing
inside the
growing follicle
11 of 47
Day 14:
ovulation egg
released from follicle
Boardworks Ltd 2006
Uterus lining
uterus lining
thickness
8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28
days after start of period
Hormone levels
13 of 47
Pregnancy
If the egg is fertilized, the uterus lining must not break down
otherwise the fertilized egg will not develop.
progest
e
rone m
emo
To: ute
ru s
From: c
orpus lu
teum
Maintai
n uteru
s lining.
egg fertilized:
uterus lining
maintained,
egg implanted
14 of 47
corpus luteum:
continues to
produce
progesterone
and oestrogen
oestrog
e n me m
o
To: pit
uitary
From: c
o rp u s l u
teum
Dont s
end FS
H.
ary
From: c
ontrace
ptive pi
ll
Stop se
nding F
SH.
no FSH received:
no egg maturing
Contraceptive pills mimic pregnancy, which means that the
ovaries do not produce any eggs.
15 of 47
Hormonal changes
16 of 47
17 of 47
18 of 47
What is infertility?
Some couples are unable to conceive naturally. This is called
infertility. What might be some of the causes of infertility?
Women
Men
blocked or damaged
tubes that carry sperm
hormonal problems
hormonal problems
19 of 47
20 of 47
FSH m
emo
To: ova
ry
From:
fert
ility dr
ug
Get ano
th
start m er egg ready
aking o
and
estrog
en.
Boardworks Ltd 2006
What is IVF?
Sometimes, women have problems becoming pregnant
even after using fertility drugs. When this happens, they can
try in vitro fertilization, or IVF.
In vitro is Latin for in
glass so IVF means
fertilization that takes
place outside of the
body and in laboratory
glassware.
Babies born by IVF are sometimes called test-tube babies.
However, fertilization doesnt take place in test-tubes but in a
special dish.
21 of 47
22 of 47
23 of 47
26 of 47
27 of 47
Diabetes
Do you want to have
children one day?
28 of 47
pancreas
blood glucose
(mg/100cm3)
31 of 47
normal
after meal
after vigorous
exercise
Boardworks Ltd 2006
32 of 47
What is diabetes?
Some people are unable to regulate their blood glucose
levels because their pancreas doesnt produce enough
insulin. This is called diabetes.
The lack of insulin means that blood glucose levels can rise
dangerously high after eating, which can cause cell damage.
Symptoms of diabetes develop quickly and can be severe.
Initial symptoms include:
increased thirst, hunger and production of urine
loss of weight, tiredness and nausea.
Later symptoms include vomiting and abdominal pain. If
untreated, diabetes can lead to coma and even death.
33 of 47
34 of 47
35 of 47
Isolating insulin
Banting and Best worked with biochemist James B Collip to
purify a pancreas extract from cattle, finally obtaining a purer
form of insulin.
The first human to be treated with insulin was the teenager
Leonard Thompson, in 1922. He made a dramatic recovery.
Many other patients were treated and their lives were saved.
Insulin was initially obtained
from cattle and pigs, but now it
is made by geneticallyengineered bacteria, which
contain the human gene for
insulin.
37 of 47
Animal testing
38 of 47
39 of 47
40 of 47
Glossary (1/2)
diabetes A disease caused by a lack of insulin, which
leads to high levels of blood glucose.
Glossary (2/2)
in vitro fertilization A treatment for infertility where egg
and sperm are brought together outside the body.
Anagrams
43 of 47
44 of 47
45 of 47
Menstrual hormones
46 of 47
Multiple-choice quiz
47 of 47