Wood fly ash as

cement replacement in
concrete
Ruben I. Munteanu

Summary of the presentation

What is wood fly ash?

Wood ash uses
Dosage and manufacturing of the specimens
Other results
Tests performed, results and discussion
Conclusions

What is wood fly ash?

Wood fly ash is one of the residues generated by

the wood combustion, composesd of fine
particles that are carried off with the flue gases.
Most fly ash is captured by dust collecting
systems before it escapes the boilers stack.
Wood ash properties varies by menas of tree
species.
The density of the material is 827 kg/m3

Wood ash uses

Wood

ash in forestry
Wood ash as soil amendment
Wood ash in road constructions
Wood ash in composting

Dosage and manufacturing of the specimens

In order to perfor the tests, were manufactured

four types of concrete, that had wood fly ash
cement replacement in the mixtre as following:
0% cement replacemnet in the mixture CRM-0
5% cement replacemnet in the mixture CRM-5
10% cement replacemnet in the mixture CRM-10
15% cement replacemnet in the mixture CRM-15

Specimens with different dimensions were

made as following:

20 specimens with demensions of 100 mm x 100 mm x

100 mm for testing density, absorption, porosity, wicking
and compression.
12 specimens with demensions 40 mm x 40 mm x 160
for testing the bending.
8 specimens with dimensions 25mm x 25 mm x 300 mm
for drying shrinkage test.
4 plaques of 100mm x 300mm x 20 mm for measuring
the thermal conductivity.

Other results

Naik test results show average density values of 490 kg/m 3

for fly ash.
Udoeyo et al. evaluated the water absorption capacity of
concrete made with varying percentages of waste wood ash
(WWA) as additive .The results show that concrete
specimens absorbed more water as the ash content increased.
Abdullahi studied the influence of wood ash (WA) on the
slump of concrete. Test result showed that mixtures with
greater wood ash content require greater water content to
achieve a reasonable workability.

Tests performed, results and discussion

Water absorption, density and porosity of
hardened concrete.
Absorption by capillarity.
Flexural Strength.
Compressive strength.
Thermal conductivity.
Slump.
Drying and shrinkage.

Water absorption, density and porosity of

hardened concrete
2.75

12.5

Absorption

Densities
12

2.25
Dry Density
Apparent density

Absorption( %)

Density g/cm3

2.5

11.5
Absorption after
immersion

11

Absorption after
immersion and
boiling

10.5
1.75
0

8
10 (%)12
Wood 6ash fly replacement

14

Wood fly ash replacement (%)

10
0

10

12

14

16

23.5

Porosity (%)

Porosity accessible to water

23

22.5

Porosity accessible to water

22

Wood fly ash replacement (%)

21.5

21
0

10

12

14

16

Absorption by capillarity
1.4

1.2

(kg / mh

0.5

Absorption by capillarity
1

0.8

0.6
Abosrption by capillarity
0.4

Wood fly ash replacement (%)

0.2

0
0

10

12

14

16

Flexural Strength
0.8

Flexural strength

0.75

t (Mpa)

0.7
0.65
0.6
0.55
0.5

Fexural strength

0.45

Wood
0.4fly ash replacement (%)
0.35
0.3
0

10

12

14

16

Compressive Strength
8

CRM-0

CRM-5

CRM-10

CRM-15

0
5 Days

8 Days

28 Days

Thermal conductivity
Thermal conductivity

(W/mC)

1.2
1.15
1.1
1.05
1
0.95

Thermal conductivity

Wood fly ash replacement (%)

0.9
0.85
0.8
0.75
0.7

10

12

14

16

Slump
9

Workability

Slump (mm)

7
6
5
4
Slump

Wood fly ash replacement (%)

2
1
0
0

10

12

14

16

Drying and shrinkage

Number of days
0

Length chance (microns)

10

15

20

25

30

35

Drying and shrinkage

-100

CRM-0

-200

CRM-5
CRM-10

-300

-400

-500

CRM-15

Conclusion

Looknig at all the results provided by this papers

we can conclude that wood fly ash can
successfully replace percentages of cement in
concrete without modifying the properties in a
significant way. The addition of wood fly ash
would also reduce the costs and provide a
sustainable way of managing construction field.