Baroque Composers and

Instruments

Baroque music

is a style of Western Art music

composed from approximately 1600 to
1750.This era follows the Renaissance,
and was followed in turn by the Classical
era.
The word baroque" comes from the
Portuguese word barroco,
meaningmisshapenpearl a negative
description of the ornate and heavily
ornamented music of this period.

Later, the name came to apply also to the

architecture of the same period.

Baroque music forms a major portion of

the classical music canon, being widely
studied, performed, and listened to.

Composers of the Baroque era:

Johann Sebastian Bach

George Frideric
Handle
Alessandro Scarlatti
Domenico Scarlatti
Antonio Vivaldi
George Philipp
Telemann
Jean-Baptiste Lully

Arcangelo Corelli
Francois Couperin
Denis Gaultier
Claudio Monteverdi
Jean-philippe
Rameau
Johann Pachelbel
Henry Purcell

Top 10 Baroque Period

Composers

Antonio Vivaldi - Vivaldi believed to have

invented ritornello form (a theme returning
throughout the piece).newly discovered music
the title The Viennese Counterpart to Bach and
Handel.
George Philipp Telemann - A good friend

of both Bach and Handel, George Philipp

Telemann was also a distinguished
musician and composer of his time.

Johann Sebastian Bach - was a genius

keyboardist (mastering the organ and
harpsichord) and brilliant composer.

George Frideric Handel - who later

became a British citizen, lead a much
different life than Bach. Handel, too,
composed for every musical genre of his
time, even creating the English oratorio.

Arcangelo Corelli - was an Italian teacher,

violinist, and composer. Corellis mastery of
the tone of the newly invented violin earned
him great reviews throughout Europe.

Henry Purcell - Within a lifetime of only

thirty-five years, Purcell achieved musical
greatness by being considered one of
Englands greatest composers and the most
original composer of his time..

Domenico Scarlatti - son of Alessandro

Scarlatti (another well-known baroque
composer), wrote 555 known harpsichord
sonatas, of which, over half was written in
the last six years of his life.

Jean-Philippe Rameau - A French

composer, Jean-Philippe Rameaus music
was known for its bold melodic lines and
harmonies. Aside from harpsichord,
Rameaus greatest contribution to music
was in tragdie lyriqueopera.

Baroque instruments

Strings
Violino

piccolo

Violin
Viol
Viola
Viola

d'amore
Viola pomposa
Tenor violin
Cello

Contrabass
Lute
Theorbo
Archlute
Anglique
Mandolin
Guitar
Harp
Hurdy

gurdy

VIOLIN

With the new emphasis on melody

in the Baroque era, the consorts of
in the Renaissance were soon
superseded by a new, more soloistic
instrument the violin.

STRINGS

Viol (viola da gamba)

Violswere still played during the

Baroque period, but the arrangement
of a consort, in which a group of
differently-sizedviolsplayed music
together became outdated, and it is
only the bass viol, played as a
virtuososolo instrument, that
survived.

Woodwinds

Baroque flute
Chalumeau
Cortol

(also known
as Cortholt, Curtall,
Oboe
family)
Dulcian

Musette de cour
Baroque oboe
Rackett
Recorder
Bassoon

Flute

Wind instruments also became

popular as solo instruments during
the Baroque period, as well as
finding an important place in the
orchestra. One of the most popular
of the wind instruments was the
flute.

Oboe

The oboe was another wind

instrument which gained great
popularity in the Baroque era. Like
the flute, it was also usually made of
ebony or boxwood, and also had
fewer keys than the modern
instrument. Most instruments either
had two or three.

Brasses & Keyboards

Baroque trumpet
Cornett
Horn
Serpent
Sackbut

Clavichord
Tangent piano
Fortepiano
Harpsichord
Organ

BRASSES

Clavichord

Despite the enormous popularity of

the harpsichord, instruments such as
the clavichordstill remained popular,
although its soft tone meant it was
generally unsuitable for most of the
ensemble settings which became
popular at this time.

KEYBOARDS

Harpsichord

Theharpsichord, which we have

already met in the Renaissance,
came into its own in the Baroque
period and is one of the instruments
most closely associated with this era
in music.

Instrumental

Chorale composition
Concerto grosso
Sonata
Fugue
Sonata da camera
Suite
Allemande
Courante
Sarabande
Gigue
Gavotte

Sonata da chiesa
Trio sonata

Partita
Canzona
Sinfonia
Fantasia

Ricercar
Toccata
Prelude
Chaconne
Passacaglia
Chorale prelude
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