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QUESTION 1
X is the ability of a microorganism to
resist the effects of an antibiotic to
which they were once sensitive.
What is X?

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QUESTION 2
X is the innate ability of a bacterial
species to resist activity of a particular
antimicrobial agent through its
inherent structural or functional
characteristics.
What is X?

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QUESTION 3
Bacteria might transfer the resistance
gene to the other bacteria through a
small pieces of circular DNA.
What is the name of the DNA?

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QUESTION 4
In efflux systems, Z
transporters use energy that
they acquired from ATP
hydrolysis.

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QUESTION 5
Antibiotic resistance can occur as a
result of X process in which
neighbouring contemporary bacteria
will exchange their genetic material

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QUESTION 6
_________ obtained through mutation or
acquisition of new DNA causing a
bacterium to develop resistance
towards antibiotics that it was once
sensitive to.

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QUESTION 7
In efflux systems, B transporters utilize
protons or sodium gradient as a source
of energy.

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QUESTION 8
Y is a water-filled channels that act as
an effective barrier against penetration
of large compounds.

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QUESTION 9
W are made up of phospholipid bilayer
and highly hydrophobic
lipopolysaccharides (LPS).
It act as a selective barrier.

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QUESTION 10
H is antimicrobial drug that is derived
from the natural processes of some
microorganisms and it can inhibit or
destroy other microorganism.

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QUESTION 11
From which type of organism Professor
Alexander Fleming discovered the first
antibiotic?

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QUESTION 12
J is a type of mutation that will not
caused antibiotic resistance.

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QUESTION 13
K also known as superbug and it is

the most well-known bug for

having an altered binding site.

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QUESTION 14
G is gene that encode Penicillinbinding protein 2a (PBP2A)

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QUESTION 15

M is a process that occur in 16S

ribosomal RNA and it contribute to
emerging resistance against
Aminoglycosides.

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QUESTION 16
The first penicillin-resistant
bacterium.

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QUESTION 17
Penicillin was replaced by J when
penicillin-resistant bacterium
discovered.

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QUESTION 18
Penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2A) is
structurally similar to antibiotic P.

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QUESTION 19
K is one of the transporter of bacterial
efflux pumps. It can transport
substrate without coupled ion
movement. Antibiotic efflux involve
proton (H+) and antiporters (DHAs)

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QUESTION 20
X is proteinaceous transporters
localized in the cytoplasmic membrane
of all kinds of cells. Increasing activity
of X can reduce drug accumulation.
What is X?

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QUESTION 21
B is a type of chemical group that can
be added to vulnerable antibiotic sites.
It can affect antibiotic Fosfomycin.

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QUESTION 22
L is a transporter that transport small
proteins ~107-110 residues.

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QUESTION 23
____________ is defined as consequence
caused by inherent traits that are
significant for survival or reproduction,
differential reproduction and variation
among members of a population.

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QUESTION 24
G involve in inactivation of the
antibiotic by cleaving the beta lactam
ring and inactivate beta lactams.

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QUESTION 25
The first antibiotic discovered.

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QUESTION 26
Z is an organism that develop
resistance against penicillin in 1967
and discovered in Australia.

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QUESTION 27
P is a process that involve transfer of
DNA via a replicating virus
(bacteriophage).

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QUESTION 28
O can put resistance gene into new
host through direct incorporation of
free DNA into the host.

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QUESTION 29
G bind to beta-lactam antibiotics
because they are similar in chemical
structure to the modular pieces that
form the peptidoglycan.
Overproduction of G and formation of
G that have low affinity for penicillins
contributed to antibiotic resistance.

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QUESTION 30
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus
aureus (MRSA) is a bacterium that is
resistant to a number of widely used
antibiotics.
The presence of protein H is
responsible for the antibiotic
resistance seen in MRSA.

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