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MATH22
Calculus2
OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson the students are expected to:
define and interpret definite integral,
identify and distinguish the different properties of the definite
integrals; and
evaluate definite integrals with accuracy.
F(x) b
a
F(b) F(a)
f ( x ) dx f ( x) dx then,
b
kf ( x)dx k
f ( x)dx
f ( x) g ( x) dx
b
f ( x)dx g ( x)dx
a
-To find the definite integral of the given function, we need two
things:
1. Find the indefinite integral (antiderivative) F of f , and
b
2. Solve for F(b)-F(a), which is equal to f ( x. ) dx
a
1. 7 dx
9. y y 1 dy
1
2
0
2. t 2 dt
1
3. 4 x 3 2 x 10 dx
0
4. y 3
1
5.
6.
3x 1 7 dx
11. 5 x 2 7 x 5 dx
5
12. y 2 1 y 3 dy
0
dt
m2 2
13.
dm
4
1
m
3
x
4
14.2
1 dx
3 2
3
7. xdx xdx
4
8. ( 2 x 1) dx ( 2 x 1) dx
0
10.
(3 x 1)(2 x 3) dx
1
1
2
1
y dy
15.
x 2 25
dx
x5
Example:
(1st solution)
x dx
2 0
x
2
x dx
2 5
x dx
(3) 2 (5) 2
x
0
0
2 0
2
2
3
9 25
2 2
17
-3 -2 -1 0
1 2 3 4 5
x<0
x0
2nd solution: Let f(x)=x
so, f(-3)=3
f (0)=0
f (5)=5
1
9
A1 (3)(3)
2
2
(5,5)
1
25
A2 (5)(5)
2
2
(-3,3)
-3 -2 -1
x A1 A2
5 9
25
2 2
17
2.
x 2 dx
x 2 if x 2 0, x 2
x2
( x 2) if x 2 0, x 2
x 2 dx ( x 2)dx ( x 2)dx
2 2
x
2x
2
2 x
2
22
2 2
2
(1) 2
2(1)
2
52
2 5
22
2 2
2
1. 1 x dx
3
2. x 3 x dx
1
3.
4.
x 2 3dx
x 3 5 dx
5. x 2 x 2 dx
1
r,
1. h(r )dr ;
1
h( r ) 1 r 2 , 0 r 1
1,
1 r 2
h( r ) dr
rdr
2
7
6
2
(1 r ) dr
2
r
r
3
3
r 1
dr
2 x2 , 2 x 0
4
2. f ( x) dx; f ( x) 1
2
x 2, 0 x 4
2
Solution
f ( x)dx (2 x )dx x 2 dx
2
0
2
x
2x
3
56
3
3
2 x
4
2
3
1. f ( x) x , 8 x 0
4, 0 x 3
x, 4 x 0
2. f ( x )
x 2 4, 0 x 3
1,
2 x 1
3. f ( x) 1 x 2 , 1 x 1
2,
1 x 2
x xn , thatmeans
For odd integers,
n
A1
-a
A2
0
Theorem:
If f is even on [ a, a ] then
f ( x )dx 2 f ( x) dx
0
R1 R 2
-a
f ( x ) dx
f ( x ) dx
f ( x ) dx
area of R1 area of R2
2( area of R2 or R1 )
2
f ( x ) dx
Examples:
2
2
x
3
2 2
3
28
2
3
t3
2.
dt 0, because the function is odd
2
3 1 t
3