ERIK ERIKSON

PSYCHO-SOCIAL THEORY

(1902-1994)

Contents
Slid number 14

topic

About Erikson

Erikson theory in general

What is psychosocial theory

What is psychosocial crisis

Infancy stage

Infancy stage Description

Infancy stage Examples

Infancy stage Videos

Early childhood stage

10

Early childhood Description

11

Early childhood Examples

12

Early childhood videos

13

The weakness in Erikson's theory

14

References

About Erikson :

Erik H. Erikson (19021994) is perhaps

Best known for his work on
developmental theory(Social and
emotional) .
He teaches at Harvard: 1960-1970 The
Psychosocial Environment. (Myers, 2015)

Eriksons theory in general:

As people grow they face a series of

psychosocial crisis that shape
personality, according to Erik Erikson
.Each crisis focuses on a particular
aspect of personality and involves the
persons relationship with other people.

Psychosocial theory :

A set of principles that relate social

environment to psychological
development.

Psychosocial crisis :

According to Erikson, the set of crisis

issues that individual must address as
they pass through each of the eight life
stages.

Stage1: Infancy

Conflict(crisis): trust vs. mistrust

Approximate age: From Berth 18
months
Psychosocial emphasis: to get /to give in
return

Description:

In this stage the first psychological challenge

faced involves developing a sense of trust in
others.
According to Erikson, if infant passes through this
stage successfully, they learn to trust that their
basic needs will be available. They also develop a
hopeful attitude toward life.
If babies do not pass this stage successfully, they
come to mistrust others. Then they will see the
world as basically unsupportive and hostile.

Example

Trust :To the infant, the mother is usually the first

important person in the childs world. She is the one
who satisfies the childs needs for food and affection.
Affection is when the mother closes her baby to
warm him this lead feels of protection to the baby.

Mistrust : when infant cried for in unpredictable way

such as not being fed, diapered, or comforted when
necessary, this infant would develop basic mistrust
of others, which lead to fear and suspicion.
Sometimes childs mistrust the new people to him.

Video

Stage2: Early childhood

Conflict(crisis): autonomy vs shame and

doubt
Approximate age: From 2 to 3 years
Psychosocial emphasis: To hold on to
let go

Description:

children at this stage were focused on developing a greater

sense of self-control.

Kids in this stage of development often feel the need to do

things independently and adults should encourage them.

Toilet training is the most important event at this stage.

Successful growth at this stage gives the child strength of

will by accepting childrens swings between dependence.

Unsuccessful growth in this juncture will make child feels

unconfident about themselves by shout them.

Example:
Autonomy

Shame and
doubt

- Allow the child to play

outside and if they dirty their
clothes and parents tell them
to change their clothes.

- Allow the child to play

outside, but if they dirty their
clothes, parents will shout
them.

- If child forget to go to the

toilet and they do it in
themselves, parents tell them

- If child forget to go to the

toilet and they do it in
themselves, parents hit them.

Video

The weakness in Erikson's

theory:
Other psychologists have criticized
Eriksons concepts because human
development does not fit accurately into
eight stages.

References:

(2016). Retrieved from

http://www.burnabycce.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/iStock_fingerPainting_XXXLarge.jpg

(2016). Retrieved from

http://www.childtrends.org/databank/indicators-by-topic-area/early-childhood-development/

(2016). Retrieved from http://www.xccentrecreation.com/products/early-childhood

(2016). Retrieved from http://cdn.skim.gs/images/ygx8knysdxknby4wmtuz/gerber-recalls-baby-food

(2016). Retrieved from

https://d19fbfhz0hcvd2.cloudfront.net/UP/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/Cute-Baby-Pictures-29.jpg

(2016). Retrieved from

http://www.erikerikson.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2015/11/Erik-Erikson.jpg

Brewer,J.(2001). Early childhood education preschool through primary grades.

Cherry,K. (2016). Autonomy Versus Shame and Doubt.

Gordon,A-Browne,K. (2007). Beginning essentials in early childhood education.

Hinson, S., Parsons, R., & Hinson, S. (2001). Educational psychology. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth
Thomson Learning.

Marion,M. (2010). Introduction to early childhood education a developmental perspective. Governors

state university.

Mcleod,S. (2008). Eriks Erikson. http://www.simplypsychology.org/Erik-Erikson.html

Myers, W. (2015). Teaching Elder: Erik H. Erickson. Teaching Theology & Religion, 18(4), 343-358.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/teth.12303

Slavin, R. (2003). Seventh edition educational psychology theory and practice. Johns Hopkins