ENT 243

Thermodynamics 2
TUTORIAL 1
Chapter 1 : Gas power cycle
By:
Mohd Hafif Basha bin Mohamad Jamel
Basha

Text book page

496

a) The maximum temperature and pressure that

occur during the cycle

Max temp.
and
pressure

Given,
Compression ratio,
r=8

When air is used

as a working
fluid., and the
specific heat
varies with
temperature,
we use Table A17can only use
We
Vr value if it is
an isentropic
process.
Refer to table A17

EXERCISE 1 : Otto cycle

An ideal Otto cycle has a compression ratio of 8.
At the beginning of the compression process, air is
at 95 kPa and 27C, and 750 kJ/kg of heat is
transferred to air during the constant-volume
heat-addition process. R = 0.287 kJ/kg.K .Taking
into account the variation of specific heats with
temperature, determine
(a)the pressure and temperature at the end of the
heat- addition process,
(b)the net work output,
(c)The thermal efficiency, and
(d)the mean effective pressure for the cycle.

Text book page

501

a) The temperature and pressure of air at the end of

each process

Isentropic relation (refer page 356), can only be used if

the specific heat is assumed constant, in this case,

b) Find the net work output and the thermal efficiency

refer page 177 chapter

4

refer page 177 chapter

4

c) Find the mean effective pressure

Exercise 2: Diesel Cycle

An air-standard Diesel cycle has a
compression ratio of 16 and a cut off ratio of
2. At the beginning of the compression
process, air is at 95 kPa and 27C. Using
constant specific heat at room temperature
(cold-air standard), determine
(a)the temperature and pressure after the
heat-addition process,
(b) the thermal efficiency, and
(c) the mean effective pressure.

a) Determine the gas temperature at the exits of the

compressor and turbine
The gas temperature at the exit of
the compressor = T2
The gas temperature at the exit of
the turbine = T4
Refer to table A17

b)Determine the back work ratio

C) Determine the thermal efficiency

wturb,out

wcomp,in

a)Determine the back work ratio

b)Determine the thermal efficiency

c) Determine the turbine exit temperature of the gasturbine

Exercise 3A
A simple Brayton cycle using air as the working fluid has
a pressure ratio of 10. Air enter the compressor at 100
kPa. The minimum and maximum temperatures in the
cycle are 295 K and 1240 K. The properties of air at room
temperature are cp = 1.005 kJ/kg.K and = 1.4.
Assuming an isentropic efficiency of 100 percent for the
compressor for the turbine and also the specific heat are
varied with temperature, determine
(a) the air temperature at the turbine exit,
(b) the back work ratio, and
(c) the thermal efficiency.
(d) the net power output if the air enters the compressor
at the rate of 850 m3 / min.

Exercise 3B
Using the same case as example 3A,
but with the isentropic efficiency of 83
percent for the compressor and 87
percent for the turbine. Determine,
(a) the back work ratio, and
(b) the thermal efficiency.

Exercise 3C
Using the same case as example 3b,
but a regenerator with the
effectiveness of 0.8 is added in the
cycle, Determine the thermal
efficiency.