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1. LAN
2. WAN
http://fcit.usf.edu/network
3. Internet
4. Intranet
a. Transmission media
Fibre-optic cable, Unshielded twisted pair(UTP) cable, co-axial
cable (as used in a tv aerial.)
b. Bandwidth
This depends on the cabling and hardware used. UTP cable
allows data transfer at 10 100 Mbps
c. Geographical spread
Physical cabling is laid to connect the network. Usually one
building, school, office, factory. Typically up to about two km.
d. Functions
Peripheral sharing, electronic mail, data sharing.
CS Topic 4 - Networks v2
1. LAN
2. WAN
3. Internet
4. Intranet
a. Transmission media
Telecommunications systems covering large areas.
b. Bandwidth
Slower than LAN. Depends on the link used. Modem dial-up up
to 56 Kbps. ADSL up to 9 Mbps, dedicated line up to 45 Mbps.
c. Geographical spread
WANs can cover any size of area. They use
telecommunications which covers most of the earth.
d. Functions
Electronic mail, data sharing, conferencing.
CS Topic 4 - Networks v2
1. LAN
2. WAN
3. Internet
4. Intranet
a. Transmission media
Telecommunications systems covering large areas.
b. Bandwidth
Same as WAN. Depends on the link used. Modem dial-up up to
56 Kbps. ADSL up to 9 Mbps, dedicated line up to 45 Mbps.
c. Geographical spread
The Internet can cover any size of area. They use
telecommunications which covers most of the earth.
d. Functions
Electronic mail, information sharing using WWW, File sharing
using FTP.
CS Topic 4 - Networks v2
1. LAN
2. WAN
3. Internet
An intranet is like the internet but confined to
4. Intranet
one organisation.
a. Transmission media
Telecommunications systems covering large areas.
b. Bandwidth
Slower than LAN. Depends on the link used. Modem dial-up up
to 56 Kbps. ADSL up to 9 Mbps, dedicated line up to 45 Mbps.
c. Geographical spread
Intranet can cover any size of area using telecommunications
links which cover most of the earth. East Dunbartonshire
Council has its own intranet.
d. Functions
Electronic mail, information sharing using WWW, File sharing
using FTP.
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CS Topic 4 - Networks v2
CS Topic 4 - Networks v2
Peer-to-peer network.
2.
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1. File Server
2. Print Server
3. Web Server
File Server
Stores users data files.
Controls file access. Each user has access to certain files.
Controls the type of access. e.g. read only, write, create
Print Server
Handles all printing requests from clients.
Queues jobs, spools them to disk and sends to printer when
printer is ready.
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1. File Server
2. Print Server
3. Web Server
Web Server
Requests for internet access including Web pages, email
and file sharing are dealt with by this server.
Web Server advantages
Pages can be held locally(cached) which allows faster
access to pages.
Use of the internet can be monitored more easily when all
internet access goes through the web server.
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1. Bus
2. Star
3. Ring
4. Mesh
or
node
channel
Used in LANS.
All nodes are connected to a single channel.
A communication from one node is seen by all
the other nodes.
Each node will recognise and accept communications which
are addressed to it.
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1. Bus
2. Star
3. Ring
4. Mesh
or
node
channel
Node Failure
There is typically a mechanism to bypass a failed node
so failure of one node will only affect that node. Rest
of network will still function.
Channel Failure
A channel failure will cause the whole network to fail.
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1. Bus
2. Star
3. Ring
4. Mesh
node
channel
Used in LANS.
Each node has its own channel to the central node.
The whole network depends on the proper functioning of the
central node.
Cabling cost is high because each node has its own
channel but it is easy to extend the network.
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1. Bus
2. Star
3. Ring
4. Mesh
node
channel
Node Failure
A failure of one node will only affect that node. Failure
of the central node will disable the entire network.
Channel Failure
A channel failure will only affect the outer node on
that channel.
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1. Bus
2. Star
3. Ring
4. Mesh
node
channel
Used in LANS.
Channels and nodes form a ring.
Only one node can transmit at a time and data passes
between nodes until it reaches its destination.
The network has to be disrupted when a new node is added.
Designing and extending the network is more difficult than with
a star network.
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1. Bus
2. Star
3. Ring
4. Mesh
node
channel
Node Failure
There is typically a mechanism to bypass a failed node
so a failure of one node will only affect that node.
Channel Failure
A channel failure will disable the entire network.
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1. Bus
2. Star
3. Ring
4. Mesh
node
channel
Used in WANS. e.g. telephone grid.
There are alternative channels between nodes.
Several nodes can transmit at a time and data can be
redirected when some channels are busy.
The extra cabling makes this an expensive type of network
to set up but it is very robust.
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1. Bus
2. Star
3. Ring
4. Mesh
node
channel
Node Failure
The failure of one node will only affect that node.
Channel Failure
A channel failure will have no effect as alternative
channels are available. It may, however, slow down
traffic on the network.
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1. Hub
2. Switch
3. Router
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1. Hub
2. Switch
3. Router
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1. Hub
2. Switch
3. Router
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1. Hub
2. Switch
3. Router
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Higher Bandwidth
Technology is improving rapidly and improvements in
bandwidth increase the rate of data transfer.
Higher bandwidth allows the possibility of transferring video,
graphics and audio and will allow live streaming of data.
Transmit large data files.
Play network multi-user games with high resolution
graphics.
Video conferencing.
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Wireless Communications
Wireless communication increases flexibility of use and
is becoming more popular for home, office and public
spaces.
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