Nanotechnolo

gy
12/15/16

Amal Jyothi College Of Engineering

LET ME INTRODUCE MY SELF

Anoop SS
Asst. Professor
Chemical Engineering Dept.
Amal Jyothi College of Engineering

12/15/16

Amal Jyothi College Of Engineering

 Masters in Nanotechnology From-Amirta

Centre For Nanosciensces and Molecular
Medicine
Graduation in Chemical Engineering
From-T.K.M College of Engineering
Kollam
Worked as Engineer Trainee in Kerala
State Pollution Control Board
Worked as Engineer Production in
Binani Zinc Limited
12/15/16

Amal Jyothi College Of Engineering

Research Interests
Nanotechnology and Energy
storage
Nanomaterial Fabrication
Solar Cells
Batteries and Supercapacitors
Hydrometallurgy
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Amal Jyothi College Of Engineering

My Publications in International
Journals
Shape tailored Ni3(NO3)2(OH)4 nano-flakes simulating 3-D bouquet-like
structures for supercapacitors: exploring the effect of electrolytes on
stability and performance. (RSC Advances, 2014, 4, 39378-39385)
2 D amorphous frameworks of NiMoO 4 for supercapacitors: Defining the
role of surface and bulk controlled diffusion processes (Applied Surface
Science, 2015, 326, 39-47)
Synergetic influence of ex-situ camphoric carbon nano-grafting on lithium
titanates for lithium ion capacitors (Journal of Energy Chemistry, 2015 ,
24,337-345)
Mesoscopic architectures of Co(OH) 2spheres with an extended array of
microporous threads as pseudocapacitor electrode materials (Colloids and
Surfaces A: Physiochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2015, 470,280289)
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Amal Jyothi College Of Engineering

What is Nano?

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Dream Big Think

Small !!!
Amal Jyothi College Of Engineering

Richard Feynman - Grandfather of

Nanotechnology
1959 - Richard Feynman - Nobel Prize in Physics
Theres plenty of room at the bottom - an
invitation to enter a new field of physics
Offered two $1000 prizes:
Build an electric motor in a 1/64 inch cube
Reduce a page of a book by a factor of 25,000;
read using an electron microscope

1960 - engineer claimed the first prize

1985 - graduate student wrote a page from A Tale
of Two Cities 1/160 millimeter in length using
Ebeam lithography

What is
Nanotechnology?

An engineered DNA strand

Buckyball

Nanotechnology is the art an

science of manipulating matter at
theisnanoscale
Nano technology
the study of making

small microscopic things

It is an advance to the future
12/15/16

Amal Jyothi College Of Engineering

Nanotechnology is the understanding and control

of matter 1 to 100 nanometers in size.
1. The nanometer is extremely small.
2. At the nanometer scale, many materials behave
differently.
3. We can harness this new behavior to make new materials.

12/15/16

Amal Jyothi College Of Engineering

History of Nanotechnology
2000 Years Ago Sulfide nanocrystals used by
Greeks and Romans to dye hair.
1000 Years Ago (Middle Ages) Gold
nanoparticles of different sizes used to produce
different colors in stained glass windows.
1974 Nanotechnology - Taniguchi uses the term
nanotechnology for the first time.
1981 IBM develops Scanning Tunneling
Microscope. This microscope evolved to allow the
manipulation of individual atoms and molecules in
the field of Nano technology.
1985 Buckyball - Scientists at Rice University
and University of Sussex discover C60
1991 Carbon nanotube discovered by S. Iijima
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Understanding the size scale

1 cm

100 m

2.5 m

10 nm

Nanotechnology is not new

Stained glass in Victorian churches
Lycurgus cup
DNA/Genomics

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1-2 nm

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How small is Nano - small?

Units in nanometers (m)

A Nanometre is a unit of length in the metric system, equal to one

billionth of a metre(10-9).
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What is nanotechnology?
Nanotechnology is the understanding and control
of matter 1 to 100 nanometers in size.
1. The nanometer is extremely small.
2. At the nanometer scale, many materials behave
differently.
3. We can harness this new behavior to make new materials.

12/15/16

Amal Jyothi College Of Engineering

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Defenition Of Nanotechnology

Nanotechnology
understanding and control of
Definition ofis the
Nanotechnology
matter at dimensions of roughly 1 to 100 nanometers,
where unique phenomena enable novel applications.
Encompassing nanoscale science, engineering and
technology, nanotechnology involves imaging,
measuring, modeling, and manipulating matter at this
length scale.

12/15/16

Small photonic crystals: titanium

Amal Jyothi Collegedioxide
Of Engineering
14 in
micro-sphere 1-50 m

A Nano-Scale Demonstration

A nanometer (nm) is one billionth of a meter!!

Viruses
3-50 nm
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Amal Jyothi College Of Engineering

DNA
1-2 nm

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Compared to Human Hair

A Human Hair is about 100,000m wide

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Smallness leads to new properties

Macro Aluminum

Nano Aluminum

Color
Color
Melting
Meltingpoint
point
Strength
Strength
Conductivity
Conductivity
Reactivity
Reactivity

Macro Gold

Nano Gold

Nano-grooves

Nano-spikes

Nano-thresholds

Nano-patterns in nature
Nano-burls

Nano-humps

Nano-bumps

Nano-ribs

Nano-ladders

Nano-knobs

The sacred Lotus flower

is a symbol of purity in
Asian religions.

The Lotus-Flower-Effect
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Amal Jyothi College Of Engineering

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The Lotus-Effect

Water droplets roll down the

leaf of the Lotus flower

Honey rolls down from a Lotus-Effect-spoon

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Glue rolls down the leaf

of the Lotus flower

A droplet takes up the dirt while rolling down

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30 m

Microreli
ef of the
leave
The development of the
Lotus-Effect paint
Self cleaning
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Amal Jyothi College Of Engineering

Bionik-product
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Does all Gold

Glitter?

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The properties of matter change with

scale.
As the size of an object approaches
the nanoscale all properties are
impacted by the size and shape of the
material.

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Amal Jyothi College Of Engineering

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Activity: Observe and Test Properties of Bulk Gold.

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Even with the gold layer only 0.1m thick in

the gold leaf, it still maintains the properties of
bulk gold.
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Amal Jyothi College Of Engineering

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Size-Dependent Properties
How do the properties of gold change
at the nanoscale?

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Different Sizes of Collodial Gold Particles

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Amal Jyothi College Of Engineering

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More Discussion on Nanotechnology Applications

Nanotechnology R&D impacts many industries
Electronics
Materials
Health/Biotech
Chemical
Metallurgy
Environmental
Energy
Aerospace
Automotive
Security
Forest products
12/15/16
Jyothi College Of Engineering
Amal
Instrumentation

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Nano for Regenerative

Medicine

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Super Adhesives

Adhesive force of a single gecko foot-hair

Nature 405, 681-685 (8 June 2000)
Microfabricated Adhesive Mimicking Gecko
Foot-Hair Nature Materials 2, 461-463 (2003)
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Amal Jyothi College Of Engineering

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Van der Waals force

Van

der Waals force

An attractive force between atoms or molecules.

Not the result of chemical bond formation, much weaker
Responsible for some material properties: crystal structure,
melting points, boiling points, surface tension, and densities.

Ref):http://www.lclark.edu/~autumn/climbing/climb.html

Geckos foot structure

Ref):http://www.lclark.edu/~autumn/climbing/climb.html

Kellar et al, Adhesive force of a single gecko foot-hair, Nature, 405, 681-685 (2000)

Solar Cells and Integration of

Nanotechnology
Organic/Inorganic solar cells
Silicon solar cells are most common
and efficient right now.
Reflection of incoming light is a big
natural limitation for efficiency.
EvergreenSolar,Inc.
Marlboro,MA

Konarka
12/15/16

Amal Jyothi College Of Engineering

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Typical P-N Junction Silicon Solar Cell Structure

REFLECTION!
Sunlight

Topsidemetallizationgrid
Antireflectioncoating

0.5
m

Average
phosphorus~1018cm3

n+emitter
pbase

~100300 Boron~1016c
m
m3

Optionalp+back
surfacediffusion
Backside
metallization

12/15/16

Amal Jyothi College Of Engineering

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Other Nano-Solar Cells

Nano solar cells mixed in plastic could be painted on buses, roofs,
and clothing!

] 200 nm

Nano solar cell: Inorganic nanorods embedded in

semiconducting polymer, sandwiched between two electrodes

12/15/16
Amal Jyothi College Of Engineering
Source: http://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2002/03/28_solar.html

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Flat Panel Displays, Colorants, Smart Papers(Photonic Crystals)

Reflection
from
butterfly
wings and
beetles
exocuticle

PHYSICAL
12/15/16 REVIEW E 74, 021922 2006

2 April 2007 / Vol. 15, No. 7 / OPTICS EXPRESS 4351

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Environmental Applications of Nano

Other Applications of Nanotechnology

NSF website; March 1 2007

Applications
- next-generation solar cells (better capture
light; increase efficiency)
- coating LEDs to eliminate reflections (gain
efficiency to compete with other bulbs)

Other Applications of Nanotechnology

Nano All around Us

Self-cleaning glass

VX Nano
Cordless
Laser Mouse

Apparel with silver

THANK YOU

12/15/16

Amal Jyothi College Of Engineering

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