FLUID DYNAMICS AND

TURBOMACHINES

PART-C Module-02 Tutorial 3

Tutorial: Week 7
Dr. Dhiman Chatterjee

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Indian Institute of Technology Madras
Dr. Dhiman Chatterjee

IIT Madras

FLUID DYNAMICS AND

TURBOMACHINES

PART-C Module-02 Tutorial 3

1) A pump impeller with an inner radius of 50 mm and an outer radius of 200

mm rotates at 900 rpm. The inlet and outlet blade angles measured from
the tangential direction are 20 and 10 respectively. The blade height is
uniform and is 50 mm. Assume no pre-whirl (inlet whirl) and neglect slip.
Hydraulic efficiency of the pump is 80%. Calculate:
i. Volume flow rate
ii. Stagnation pressure rise across the pump
iii. Input power to the pump

C1m U1 tan 1
1.72 m/s
Dr. Dhiman Chatterjee

W1
1

C2m

1 20o 2 10o
C1=C1
N 900 rpm
U1 4.71 m/s
m

1
U1
IIT Madras

W2

C2
2

2
U2

C2u
2

FLUID DYNAMICS AND

TURBOMACHINES

PART-C Module-02 Tutorial 3

V& D1b1C1m

D1b1C1m D2b2C2 m

C2 m

C2m

C2u U 2 C2 m cot 2 16.41 m/s

Wbl 309.35 m 2s -2

1
U1
W2

C2

2
U2

C2u

Wbl
1 Wbl Wbl
Wbl

D
1 C1m 0.43 m/s
D2

U 2 18.85 m/s
Wbl U 2C 2 u U1C1u

W1

C1=C1

0.027 m /s
3

W
W 247.48 m 2s -2
Wbl

Dr. Dhiman Chatterjee

IIT Madras

FLUID DYNAMICS AND

TURBOMACHINES
2
2
P2 P1 C2 C1

2g

PART-C Module-02 Tutorial 3

z2 z1

P0 gH W 247.48 kPa

Assuming no other losses (like, disc friction, etc.)

& bl
PC Pbl VW

Dr. Dhiman Chatterjee

PC 8.35 kW

IIT Madras

FLUID DYNAMICS AND

TURBOMACHINES

PART-C Module-02 Tutorial 3

2) Cavitation starts in a pump, developing a head of 36 m at a flow rate of 0.05

m3/s, when the total (sum of pressure and velocity) head at pump inlet is
reduced to 3.5 m. Atmospheric pressure is 750 mm Hg and vapour pressure of
water is 1800 Pa.
The same pump will now operate at a place where atmospheric pressure is 620
mm Hg and vapour pressure is 830 Pa. What is the NPSH a when the pump
develops the same head and flowrate? Is it necessary to reduce the height of
thePpump
Specific gravity of Hg is 13.56.
P
C 2 from the sump and by
P how
C 2 much?
1

2g

3.5 m

NPSH a

2g

3.32 m

Critical conditionNPSH r 3.32 m

Dr. Dhiman Chatterjee

IIT Madras

FLUID DYNAMICS AND

TURBOMACHINES

PART-C Module-02 Tutorial 3

Applying Bernoullis equation between the sump and pump inlet

for the first case we get,
P0
P1 C12

H s H sloss
g g 2g
H s H sloss 6.67 m
For the second case the pump develops the same head and the same
flow rate, at the new location.
Thus, the suction pipe loss is going to remain unchanged. Further
retaining old height of the pump above the sump, we get
2
2
Pv
P0
P
C
1
1
P0
P1 C1
NPSH

H s H sloss 1.66 m
a

H s H sloss 1.74 m
g 2g g g
g 2g g
Dr. Dhiman Chatterjee

IIT Madras

FLUID DYNAMICS AND

TURBOMACHINES

PART-C Module-02 Tutorial 3

Thus, the new NPSHa < NPSHr. Hence the pump will cavitate.

So the pump should be lowered by NPSHr-NPSHa=1.66

m.

Dr. Dhiman Chatterjee

IIT Madras

FLUID DYNAMICS AND

TURBOMACHINES

PART-C Module-02 Tutorial 3

3) The gross head for a Pelton turbine is 600 m and the approach losses in the
penstock is 48 m. Determine the net head.
The buckets deflect the jet through an angle of 170, while the relative velocity
is reduced by 15% due to friction. Calculate the efficiency of the turbine
assuming bucket-jet speed ratio is 0.47.
The diameter of the wheel is 900 mm and there are two jets in this turbine. The
nozzle velocity coefficient is 0.98. Find the speed of rotation of the wheel and
the diameter of the nozzles if the power output from the turbine is 1250 kW.
The net head for a Pelton turbine is gross head losses.
So, net head (H) = (600-48) m = 552 m

Dr. Dhiman Chatterjee

IIT Madras

FLUID DYNAMICS AND

TURBOMACHINES

PART-C Module-02 Tutorial 3

W2

1
C2
2 2

C2

W2

U
2=
No information is given about splitter angle (s). Assuming, s =
0.180

1= (180-) =10 C j k N

2 gH 0.98 2 9.81 552 101.99 m/s

C2=Cj=101.99 m/s
U
0.47 U 42.84 m/s W2=Cj-U=59.15 m/s
W1=0.85*W2=50.28 m/s
Cj

Dr. Dhiman Chatterjee

IIT Madras

FLUID DYNAMICS AND

TURBOMACHINES

PART-C Module-02 Tutorial 3

Wbl UW2 ( cos 2 K cos 1 )

U C2 U (1 K cos 1 )

W1=KW2, K=0.85

4655.15 m 2s 2
Efficiency:

& bl
VW

0.86
&
VgH

ND
60U
N
1017 rpm
60
D

& bl m& 268.52 kg/s

P mW
m& 2 d 2j C j
4
2m&
dj
41 mm
C j

Rotational speed: U

Dr. Dhiman Chatterjee

IIT Madras

10

FLUID DYNAMICS AND

TURBOMACHINES

PART-C Module-02 Tutorial 3

THANK YOU
Dr. Dhiman Chatterjee

IIT Madras

11