Militancy/terrorism by Muslim

groups and its causes

Questions
What is terrorism and what can be the

objectives of terrorists ?
Discuss answers of these questions with your
partners in groups for 5 minutes.
After your discussion, tell me the definition of
terrorism and two or three objectives of
terrorism.

Definition of terrorism
Terrorism is commonly defined as violent

acts (or threat of violent acts) intended to

create fear (terror), perpetrated for a religious,
political, or ideological goal, and which
deliberately target or disregard the safety of
non-combatants
(e.g.,
neutral
military personnel or civilians).

Characteristics of
terrorism
Political, religious and ideological in aims and

motives
Violent or, equally important, threatens
violence
Designed to have far-reaching psychological
repercussions beyond the immediate victim or
target
Conducted by an organization with an
identifiable
chain
of
command
or
conspiratorial cell structure (whose members
wear no uniform or identifying insignia)

Match the following

terms
Jihad:
Soviet Union:

a place where jihad was started

Religious war against infidels

Jihadis/Mujaheedeen : hostile against each other

Afhanistan:
United States

and Soviet Union :

Who are engaged in war of terrorism

Against whom the Jihad was started

Watch the video and try to get the answer of

the following questions while watching video:
Why was Afghanistan important for Soviet Union?
After Soviet Union invaded on Afghanistan what

reforms Soviet Union started there that created

resentment among the local population and Jihad
was started by the Muslims in the region?
According to Breznive, what motives had the Soviet
Union to invade Afghanistan?
When the Afghan Jihad against Soviet Union started
what happened?
The link of the video:
Soviet Afghan war Documentary part 1/5 9:29

Instructions
Watch the video that shows that after the
Afghan war against Soviet Union was over
how militancy by Muslim groups started.

Why Soviet Union attacked on Afghanistan

To reach warm waters(Middle East) for the

sake of oil and gas interests

To protects its supportive government in
Afghanistan

United States interest to Support

Mujahedeen
Peace in Afghanistan

Oil and gas pipe line interests

Area free from Russian and Soviet Union

influence

Map of Oil route from to

Central Asia to Afghanistan

Other countries interest

Pakistan:
Oil and gas pipe line from central Asia
Pro-Pakistan government
Strategic depth

Iran:
Oil and gas pipe line
Pro-Iran government of Northern alliance

formed by Tajiks

Causes of the promotion of

Terrorists
Training to Jihadis,
Establishment of madrassahs
Recruitment of jihadis from these madrassas

for Afghan jihad

Promotion of militant political party
Preparation of special syllabus in schools to
brainwash minds of jihadis
A negative version of Islam was given in
school books and teachings in schools created
extremism

Causes(cont)
Causes of recruitment of Jihadis from Pakistan:
Free food, housing and clothing created attraction

for the poor people to send their children to join jihad

against the Soviet Union and later to join forces of
Taliban; however, they did not know the fact that their
sons would learn the distorted version of Islam and
the art of killing the people.
Radical Islamic literature :
Recruitment from Islmaic madrassas was only ten
percent. Many students in colleges and universities
got influence from radical Islamic literature and joined
jihadi forces.

Instruction:
Watch the video and find other causes of

terrorist acts perpetrated by Muslim group

and then tell me these causes.
Does Jihad in Islam allows killing of innocent

people?

Instructions
Watch this video of a political scientist, Noam

Chomsky, who explains the reason of Islamic

terrorism and tell me that reason.
Noam Chomsky explaining the reasons
for Islamic terrorism 8: 39 min
What is the solution given by him to check the

menace of terrorism?
What solutions do you
terrorism?

give

to

control

Agenda of religious
militants
Subjugation of women with a relegated permanent secondary

position.
Absence or curtailment of female education.
Confinement of women to the four walls of their homes.
Total rejection of enquiry and research in the field of religion.
Intolerance of difference of opinion and capitulation and
elimination of dissent.
Rejection of aesthetics and fine arts in daily life.
Curbs on cultural activities.
Creation and promotion of propagandist literature.
Gross violation of human rights of the dissidents and
opposing camps

References:
Terrorism. (n.d.). Retrieved March 7, 2015,

from en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorism.
Hassan, A. (2005). Pakistans Drift into
Extremism (pp. 98-101). New Delhi: Pantagon
press.
Ziring, L. (n.d.). Pakistan at the Cross Current
of History. Lahore: Vanguard.